Knowledge Management Research (지식경영연구)

The Knowledge Management Society of Korea (한국지식경영학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Sharing Economy Ecosystem in the 4th Industrial Revolution: Focused on Uber

4차 산업혁명 시대의 공유경제 생태계 정책 제안: 우버(Uber) 사례를 중심으로

  • Received : 2017.11.14
  • Accepted : 2017.12.11
  • Published : 2018.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The aim of this conceptual article is to explore the sharing economy ecosystem concept in innovation policy context with cluster, innovation system, smart specialization and business ecosystem approaches. This study conducts comparative study to understand what has been changed by sharing economy through Uber case in four cities. By analyzing vital constructs in sharing economy ecosystem, we suggest how sharing economy ecosystem works, and presenting core factors in policy framework of sharing economy ecosystem. In addition, we attempt to explain that policy maker should consider the relationship between these factors. The result of this paper shows sharing economy ecosystem has developed with their characteristics and constructs that are different with traditional industry.

Keywords

References

  1. 공유허브 2017. "공유허브란?," http://sharehub.kr/.
  2. 구철모, 김정현 & 정남호 2014. "스마트 관광 생태계의 이론화와 활용," Information Systems Review (16:3), pp. 69-87. https://doi.org/10.14329/isr.2014.16.3.069
  3. 구희언 2014. "'공유도시 서울' 어디까지 왔나," 주간동아, http://weekly.donga.com/List/3/all/11/98199/1.
  4. 국토교통부 2013. "불법택시 '우버' 당국 '금시 초문' 보도내용은 사실과 다름," 정책브리핑, http://www.korea.kr/policy/pressReleaseView.do?newsId=155912259.
  5. 권애라 2013, "IT 비즈니스 발전에 따른 공유경제 성장전망 및 시사점," KDB 산업은행.
  6. 김동규 2015. "국토부, "우버는 불법 영업" 단속 방침 재확인," 허프포스트, http://www.huffingtonpost.kr/2015/02/05/story_n_6619874.html.
  7. 김범금, 김정웅 2017. "스타트업 육성한다더니... '그림자 규제'로 발목잡는 서울시," 이투데이, http://www.etoday.co.kr/news/section/newsview.php?idxno=1559845#csidx066e5bac1dfdea8a8427f46486d866a.
  8. 김성수 2015. "우버.에어비앤비 거품?...'공유경제' 세 가지 위험," 뉴스핌, http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20150630000464.
  9. 김영수 2012, "논문 (論文): 우리나라 클러스터정책의 특징과 지역산업생태계론으로의 진화 필요성," 지역연구 (28:4), pp. 23-43.
  10. 김은정 2016. "우버, 장애인과 노약자 안전하게 모시는 우버어시스트 출시," 함께걸음, http://www.cowalknews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=14854.
  11. 김점산, 지우석 & 강상준 2014, "공유경제 (Sharing Economy) 의 미래와 성공조건," 이슈 & 진단 (134), pp. 1-25.
  12. 김해중, 박종우 & 조동혁 2016, "공유경제 서비스의 성공요인에 관한 실증 연구," 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 (16:1), pp. 214-229. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2016.16.01.214
  13. 민상식 2013. "차량공유서비스 '우버(Uber) 코리아' 경찰 수사," 헤럴드경제, http://news.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=20130926000244&md=20130929004035_BL.
  14. 박치성, 백두산 & 정지원 2017, "정부정책에 대한 이해관계자 정책 프레임 비교연구: 금연정책을 중심으로," 한국행정연구 (26:1), pp. 1-36.
  15. 박현철 2017. "4번의 '콜'과 1만8000원의 수입... 우버가 가져간 것은?," 한겨례, http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/society/society_general/810334.html#csidx577d141e90e563fade4dce51ad764cc.
  16. 박희진 2017. "우버, 카풀로 한국시장 다시 노크... 차선책 '우버쉐어' 통할까," 한국경제 http://news.hankyung.com/article/201709210799g.
  17. 부형원 & 한기재 2017. "공유경제 '우버' 도입후 택시일자리 되레 늘었다," 동아일보, http://news.donga.com/Main/3/all/20170214/82851921/1#csidx71bf920b276b79c900065b6cd4481cc
  18. 백봉삼 2015. "우버 신고 포상제 내달 2일부터...포상금은?," ZDNet Korea, http://www.zdnet.co.kr/news/news_view.asp?artice_id=20141231102703&type=det&re.
  19. 백서인 2017, "세계 주요국의 자율주행차 정책 및 기업전략에 관한 통합적 연구," 지식경영연구 (18:3), pp. 1-35. https://doi.org/10.15813/kmr.2017.18.3.001
  20. 백승렬 2016. "한국판 에어비앤비.우버 키운다...공유경제 등 투자 50조원 유발," 연합뉴스, http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2016/02/16/0200000000AKR20160216143751002.HTML?input=1195m.
  21. 손상영 & 김사혁 2015. "공유경제 비즈니스 모델과 새로운 경제 규범," 정보통신연구원.
  22. 심수진 2016, "공유경제 서비스 사용의 영향요인에 대한 실증 연구," 인터넷전자상거래연구 (16:4), pp. 163-183.
  23. 이경민, 구철모 & 이대용 2017, "공유경제에서 프라이버시 정책을 통한 신뢰형성 및 신뢰 전이에 대한 연구," 서비스경영학회지 (18:2), pp. 315-340.
  24. 이동인 2013. "실리콘밸리서 인기끄는 앱 '우버'...한국에도 고급 리무진 달린다," 매일경제, http://news.mk.co.kr/newsRead.php?year=2013&no=613189.
  25. 인현우 2017. "EU 최고법원 '우버는 운송기업... 택시회사처럼 규제해야'," 한국일보, http://www.hankookilbo.com/v/700e0bf357b3426cb42f4f7fe539710d.
  26. 장석권 & 김진기 2010, "글로벌미디어 생태계의 태동과 한국의 전략적 포지셔닝," Telecommunications Review (20:1), pp. 56-70.
  27. 전효재 & 김성윤 2017, "비즈니스 생태계 관점에서 관광산업 건강성에 관한 연구," 관광학연구 (41:5), pp. 129-140.
  28. 정동일, 박상찬 & 김보경 2015, "지식생태계의 조직화: 플랫폼 리더의 조직역량이 지식창출을 위한 기업간 협력의 확장에 미치는 영향," 지식경영연구 (16:2), pp. 1-27. https://doi.org/10.15813/kmr.2015.16.2.001
  29. 정진화, 남장근, 정은미 & 최윤희 2004, "신기술 융합화에 따른 산업패러다임 변화와 우리의 대응," 산업연구원 연구보고서 (491), pp. 28-61.
  30. 한진주 2015. "한발 물러선 우버...'우버엑스 중단, 서울시 권고 수용'," 아시아 경제, http://view.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2015030617292711144.
  31. 한영일 2017. "'출퇴근 시간 선택제' 카풀 앱 고발한 정부.지자체..."규제 완화" 외치더니 혁신 어깃장만 놓나," 서울경제, http://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/1ONHL1FS2K.
  32. 함영훈 2017. "우버, 관광공사 행사 등장, 융복합시대 한 수 귀띔," 헤럴드경제, http://heraldk.com/2017/12/19/%EC%9A%B0%EB%B2%84-%EA%B4%80%EA%B4%91%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%AC-%ED%96%89%EC%82%AC-%EB%93%B1%EC%9E%A5-%EC%9C%B5%EB%B3%B5%ED%95%A9%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80-%ED%95%9C-%EC%88%98-%EA%B7%80%EB%9D%94/.
  33. Artyom, D. 2017. "Uber Revenue and Usage Statistics 2017," Business of Apps, http://www.businessofapps.com/data/uber-statistics/.
  34. Armstrong, E.G. & Barsion, S.J. 2006. "Using an outcomes-logic-model approach to evaluate a faculty development program for medical educators," Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges (81:5), pp. 483-488. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ACM.0000222259.62890.71
  35. Asheim, B.T., Boschma, R. and Cooke, P. 2011. "Constructing regional advantage: Platform policies based on related variety and differentiated knowledge bases," Regional Studies (45:7), pp. 893-904. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2010.543126
  36. Ayala-Talavera, M. 2014. "Uber launches in Austin despite official ban," Kxan, http://kxan.com/2014/06/04/uber-launches-in-austin-despite-official-ban/.
  37. Batheja, A. 2015. "With New Rules, Will Uber, Lyft Stay in Austin?," The Texas Tribune, https://www.texastribune.org/2015/12/17/austin-city-council-approves-new-uber-regs-uber-th/.
  38. Benning, T. 2014. "Dallas adopts rules governing Uber and other car-for-hire apps," Dallas News, https://www.dallasnews.com/news/transportation/2014/12/10/dallas-adopts-rules-governing-uber-and-other-car-for-hire-apps.
  39. Booth, R. 2015. "Uber drivers threaten rebellion against the $40bn company," The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/jun/12/uber-drivers-threaten-rebellion-against-the-40bn-company.
  40. Botsman, R. and Rogers, R. 2010. "What's mine is yours", The rise of collaborative consumption, New York: Harper Collins.
  41. Buchanan, M. 2013. "Uber's Free Ride," The New Yorker, https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/ubers-free-ride.
  42. Butler, S. & Topham, G. 2017. "Uber stripped of London licence due to lack of corporate responsibility," The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/22/uber-licence-transport-for-london-tfl.
  43. Chen, B. X. 2013. "Uber to Roll Out Ride Sharing in California," The New York Times, https://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/01/31/uber-rideshare/.
  44. Chiquillo, J. 2016. "Fort Worth mayor calls deregulation of Uber and Lyft 'the right way.' Is it?," Dallas News, https://www.dallasnews.com/business/business/2016/07/05/fort-worth-mayor-calls-deregulation-uber-lyft-right-way.
  45. Cooke, P. 2001. "From technopoles to regional innovation systems: the evolution of loca lised tech nolog y development policy," Canadian Journal of Regional Science (24:1), pp. 21-40.
  46. Cooke, P., Uranga, M.G. and Etxebarria, G. 1997. "Regional innovation systems: Institutional and organisational dimensions," Research policy (26: 4-5), pp. 475-491. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(97)00025-5
  47. Craig, S. 2017. "84 Amazing Uber Statistics, Demographics and Facts," DMR Business Statistics / Fun Gadgets, https://expandedramblings.com/index.php/uber-statistics/.
  48. Davies, R. 2016. "Uber takes TfL to high court over English written test," The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/aug/17/uber-takes-tfl-to-high-court-over-english-written-test.
  49. Davies, R. & Agencies 2017. "Uber loses court case to block English-language written test in London," The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/mar/03/uber-loses-court-case-english-language-test-london.
  50. Dillon, L. 2017. "Bill would let Uber, Lyft drivers get a single California business license rather than multiple local ones,", http://beta.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-uber-license-fees-20170802-story.html.
  51. Evans, D.S. 2003. "The antitrust economics of multi-sided platform markets," Yale J.on Reg. (20), pp. 325.
  52. Fisher, D. 2016. "Judge Rejects Uber Settlement, Saying It Lowballs California Labor Claims," Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/danielfisher/2016/08/18/judge-rejects-uber-settlement-for-lowballing-california-labor-claims/#300309f75112.
  53. Fischer, F. 2003 Reframing public policy: Discursive politics and deliberative practices, Oxford University Press.
  54. Foray, D., G oddard, J. and B eldarrain, X.G. 2012. Guide to research and innovation strategies for smart specialisation (RIS 3), EU.
  55. Franceschi-Bicchierai, L. 2014. "Uber Protests Spark Chaos and Traffic Jams From London to Madrid," Mashable, http://mashable.com/2014/06/11/uber-protests-europe/#JfucgOX1tGqP.
  56. Geron, T. 2012. "Ride-Sharing Startups Get California Cease-And-Desist Letters," Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomiogeron/2012/10/08/ride-sharing-startups-get-california-cease-and-desist-letters/#6155477951d3.
  57. Gidda, M. 2014. "Uber Gets Green Light in London After Massive Protests," Time, http://time.com/2953528/uber-london/.
  58. Giles, C. 2014. "Spanish taxi drivers force ban on 'unfair' Uber," Independent, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/spanish-taxi-drivers-force-ban-on-unfair-uber-9913555.html
  59. Gillespie, P. 2014. "California prosecutors sue Uber for misleading customers," CNNMoney, http://money.cnn.com/2014/12/10/news/uber-lawsuit-california/index.html.
  60. Graham, D. 2016. "Uber And Lyft And The Debate Over Fingerprints In Austin," TechCrunch, https://techcrunch.com/2016/01/13/what-is-going-on-with-uber-and-lyft-in-austin/.
  61. Gutierrez, J., Garcia-Palomares, J.C., Romanillos, G. and Salas-Olmedo, M.H. 2017. "The eruption of Airbnb in tourist cities: Comparing spatial patterns of hotels and peer-to-peer accommodation in Barcelona," Tourism Management (62), pp. 278-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.05.003
  62. Guttentag, D. 2015. "Airbnb: disruptive innovation and the rise of an informal tourism accommodation sector," Current issues in Tourism (18:12), pp. 1192-1217. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013.827159
  63. Ha, A. 2013. "California Regulator Passes First Ridesharing Rules, A Big Win For Lyft, SideCar, And Uber," TechCrunch, https://techcrunch.com/2013/09/19/cpucridesharing-regulations/.
  64. Hedgecoe, G. 2017. "Spanish taxi drivers strike in effort to stem Uber tide," The Irish Times, https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/spanish-taxi-drivers-strike-in-effort-to-stem-uber-tide-1.3309916.
  65. Hellier, D. 2016. "Uber hails victory after Transport for London drops restrictions," The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jan/20/uber-claims-victory-after-tfl-drops-proposed-restrictions.
  66. Irving, W. 2014. "From Mass Production to Mass Individualism," Wall Street Journal, https://blogs.wsj.com/cio/2014/07/18/from-mass-production-to-mass-individualism/?mod=WSJ_TechWSJD_cioJournal.
  67. Isaac, M. and Singer, N. 2015. "California Says Uber Dr iver Is Employee, Not a Contractor," The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/18/business/uber-contests-california-labor-ruling-that-says-drivers-should-be-employees.html.
  68. Kawate, I. & Goto, T. 2017. "Technologies like Uber, Grab creating new economic divide," Nikkei, https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics-Economy/Economy/Technologies-like-Uber-Grab-creating-new-economic-divide
  69. Knight, H. and Evangelista, B. 2014. "S.F., L.A. threaten Uber, Lyft, Sidecar with legal action," SFGate, http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/S-F-L-A-threaten-Uber-Lyft-Sidecar-with-5781328.php#photo-6898030.
  70. Kosoff, M., 2014. "In An Effort To Boot Uber From Spain, Madrid Will Fine Drivers Up To $22, 000," Business Insider, http://www.businessinsider.com/in-an-effort-to-kick-uber-out-of-spain-madrid-will-fine-drivers-up-to-22000-2014-10.
  71. Lach, S. 2002. "Do R&D subsidies stimulate or displace private R&D? Evidence from Israel," The journal of industrial economics (50:4), pp. 369-390. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6451.00182
  72. Lafferty, C.K. & Mahoney, C.A. 2003. "A framework for evaluating comprehensive community initiatives," Health Promotion Practice (4:1), pp. 31-44. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839902238289
  73. Lavie, D., Haunschild, P.R. & K hanna, P. 2012. "Organizational differences, relational mechanisms, and alliance performance," Strategic Management Journal (33:13), pp. 1453-1479. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.1987
  74. Lawler, R. 2012. "On-Demand Car Service Uber Launches In Dallas And Strikes A Partnership Deal With Virgin America," TechCrunch, https://techcrunch.com/2012/09/14/uber-dallas-virgin-america/.
  75. Lejano, R. P. 2006. Frame works for policy analysis : Merging text and context, Routledge.
  76. Len, S. 2017. "Why can't Uber make money?," Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/lensherman/2017/12/14/why-cant-uber-make-money/#1da8d1b010ec.
  77. Lessig, L. 2008. Remix: Making art and commerce thrive in the hybrid economy, Penguin.
  78. Lien, T. 2015. "California taxis sue Uber, allege false advertising, unfair competition," Los Angeles Times, http://beta.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-taxi-uber-unfair-competition-lawsuit-20150318-story.html.
  79. Lyne, N. 2017. "Taxi drivers strike in Spanish cities over rise of Uber and Cabify," El Pais, https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/05/30/inenglish/1496134565_051759.html.
  80. Martin, R. & Sunley, P. 2003. "Deconstructing clusters: chaotic concept or policy panacea?," Journal of economic geography (3:1), pp. 5-35. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/3.1.5
  81. Mason, C. & Brown, R. 2014. "Entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth oriented entrepreneurship," Final Report to OECD, Paris (30:1), pp. 77-102.
  82. McCormick, R. 2016. "Uber settles lawsuits to keep drivers as independent contractors in California and Massachusetts," The Verge, https://www.theverge.com/2016/4/21/11485424/uber-suit-california-Massachusetts-drivers-employee-contractor.
  83. McDona ld, F., Hua ng, Q., Tsagdis, D. & Josef Tuselmann, H. 2007. "Is there evidence to support Porter-type cluster policies?," Regional Studies (41:1), pp. 39-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400601136284
  84. Mekelburg, M. 2016. "Austin's Proposition 1 Defeated," The Texas Tribune, https://www.texastribune.org/2016/05/07/early-voting-austin-proposition-against/.
  85. Miller, C.A., Richter, J. & O'Leary, J. 2015. "Socio-energy systems design: a policy framework for energy transitions," Energy Research & Social Science (6), pp. 29-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2014.11.004
  86. Moore, J.F. 1998. "The rise of a new corporate form," Washington Quarterly (21:1), pp. 167-181. https://doi.org/10.1080/01636609809550301
  87. Moore, J.F. 1993. "Predators and prey: a new ecology of competition," Harvard business review (71:3), pp. 75-83.
  88. Nicholson, E. 2013a. "The City Wants Uber, the On-Demand Private Driver App, to Get a Taxi Permit or Shut Down," Dallas Observer, http://www.dallasobserver.com/news/the-city-wants-uber-the-on-demand-private-driver-app-to-get-a-taxi-permit-or-shut-down-7131733.
  89. Nicholson, E. 2013b. "Dallas Wants to Rewrite its Taxi Rules to Outlaw Uber, the App-Based Private Driver Service," Dallas Observer, http://www.dallasobserver.com/news/dallas-wants-to-rewrite-its-taxi-rules-to-outlaw-uber-the-app-based-private-driver-service-7132704.
  90. O'Connor, S., Croft, J. & Murgia, M. 2016. "Uber drivers win UK legal battle for workers' rights," Financial Times, https://www.ft.com/content/a0bb02b2-9d0a-11e6-a6e4-8b8e77dd083a.
  91. Ogurchak, A. 2016. "Uber IP: A primer on the patents, trademarks and copyrights owned by Uber," IPWatchdog, http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2016/07/23/uber-ip-patents-trademarks-copyrights/id=71167/.
  92. Oskam, J. & Boswijk, A. 2016. "Airbnb: the future of networked hospitality businesses," Journal of Tourism Futures (2:1), pp. 22-42. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-11-2015-0048
  93. Paul, M. V. 2016. "Uber returns to Spanish streets in search of regulatory U-turn," Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-spain-uber-tech/uber-returns-to-spanish-streets-in-search-of-regulator y-u-turn-idUSKCN0WW0AO.
  94. Pocock, N.S. & Phua, K.H. 2011. "Medical tourism and policy implications for health systems: a conceptual framework from a comparative study of Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia," Globalization and health (7:1), pp. 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8603-7-12
  95. Porter, M.E. 2000. "Location, competition, and economic development : Local clusters in a global economy," Economic development quarterly (14:1), pp. 15-34. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124240001400105
  96. Rifkin, J. 2014. The zero marginal cost society : The internet of things, the collaborative commons, and the eclipse of capitalism, St. Martin's Press.
  97. Rinkinen, S. & Harmaakorpi, V. 2017. "The business ecosystem concept in innovation policy context: building a conceptual framework," Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, pp. 1-17.
  98. Samuels, A. 2016. "Uber wants to return to Austin, spokesman says," The Texas Tribune, https://www.texastribune.org/2016/11/17/uber-spokesman-austin-says-ride-hailing-app-may-re/.
  99. Samuels, A. 2017. "Uber, Lyft returning to Austin on Monday," The Texas Tribune, https://www.texastribune.org/2017/05/25/uber-lyft-returning-austin-monday/.
  100. Schon, D. A. & Rein, M. 1995. Frame reflection: Toward the resolution of intractrable policy controversies, Basic Books.
  101. Siegler, M. G. 2010. "UberCap Cease & Desist Means One Thing: They're Onto Something," TechCrunch, https://techcrunch.com/2010/10/24/ubercab/.
  102. Sisson, P. 2017. "Uber and Lyft return to Austin : What's changed, and why it's important," Curbed, https://www.curbed.com/2017/6/14/15803138/austin-uber-lyft-transportation-ride-hailing-return.
  103. Smits, R. & Kuhlmann, S. 2004. "The rise of systemic instruments in innovation policy," International journal of foresight and innovation policy (1:1-2), pp. 4-32. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2004.004621
  104. Solomon, D. 2015. "Uber's Petition to the Texas Legislature Has Nearly 100,000 Signatures," TexasMonthly, https://www.texasmonthly.com/the-daily-post/ubers-petition-to-the-texas-legislature-has-nearly-100000-signatures/.
  105. Solomon, D. 2016. "Lyft And Uber Continue to Battle With The City of Austin," TexasMonthly, https://www.texasmonthly.com/the-daily-post/lyft-has-strong-feelings-about-how-austin-should-structure-its-city-government-apparently/.
  106. Tallantyre, S. 2014. "Madrid taxi drivers strike to protest Uber app," The Local, https://www.thelocal.es/20141014/madrid-taxi-drivers-strike-to-protest-uber-app.
  107. Tepper, F. 2016. "Uber and Lyft shut down in Austin After voters defeat Proposition 1," TechCrunch, https://techcrunch.com/2016/05/07/uber-and-lyft-shutdown-in-austin-after-voters-defeat-proposition-1/.
  108. Thomas, O. 2012. "California Regulators Are Fining Uber, Lyft, And SideCar," Business Insider, http://www.businessinsider.com/california-cpuc-uber-lyft-sidecar-2012-11.
  109. Topham, G. 2017a. "Uber's London licence renewe d for only four months," The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/26/ubers-london-licence-renewed-for-only-four-months.
  110. Topham, G. 2017b. "Uber launches appeal against loss of London licence," The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/oct/13/uber-appeal-london-licence-tfl.
  111. Topham, G., Hellier, D. and Gani, A. 2015. "Uber wins high court case over taxi app," The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/oct/16/uber-wins-high-court-case-taxi-app-tfl.
  112. Trenholm, R. 2015. "London streets blockaded as taxi drivers protest against Uber," Cnet, https://www.cnet.com/news/london-streets-blockaded-as-taxi-drivers-protest-against-uber/.
  113. Uotila, T., Harmaakorpi, V. & Hermans, R. 2012. "Finnish mosaic of regional innovation system-assessment of thematic regional innovation platforms based on related variety," European Planning Studies (20:10), pp. 1583-1602. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2012.713331
  114. Wessner, C.W. 2004. Entrepreneurship and the innovation ecosystem policy lessons from the United States, .
  115. Worstall, T. 2014. "Now Uber's In Trouble, They've Got The London Black Cabs After Them," Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2014/05/09/now-ubers-in-trouble-theyve-got-the-london-black-cabs-after-them/#4d2bf3662627.
  116. Woods, B. 2013. "Lower-cost UberX taxi service comes to London with professional drivers, not ride-sharing," The Next Web, https://thenextweb.com/apps/2013/07/11/lower-cost-uberx-taxi-service-launches-london-its-uber-but-not-as-you-know-it/.

Cited by

  1. 스마트관광의 경제적 지속성을 위한 스마트관광 체험의 지불가치 추정: CVM을 이용하여 vol.20, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.15813/kmr.2019.20.1.010
  2. 승차 공유 서비스의 법적 쟁점 - 공유경제와 종합경제 논의 - vol.18, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.14400/jdc.2020.18.4.101
  3. Airbnb 고객들의 재구매 의도에 관한 실증 연구: 감정과 Airbnb 특성 요인의 역할 vol.21, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.15813/kmr.2020.21.4.005
  4. ICT 기반 공유경제 발전을 위한 학문적 노력에 대한 고찰: 국내외 MIS와 유관 분야의 학술연구를 대상으로 메타분석 vol.21, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.15813/kmr.2020.21.4.007
  5. Airbnb 숙소 유형에 따른 호스트의 자기소개 텍스트가 공유성과에 미치는 영향 vol.21, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.15813/kmr.2020.21.4.008