Applied Microscopy

Korean Society of Microscopy (한국현미경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Characterization of Multiple Synaptic Boutons in Cerebral Motor Cortex in Physiological and Pathological Condition: Acrobatic Motor Training Model and Traumatic Brain Injury Model

  • Kim, Hyun-Wook (Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Na, Ji eun (Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Rhyu, ImJoo (Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2018.12.19
  • Accepted : 2018.12.23
  • Published : 2018.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Multiple synaptic boutons (MSBs) have been reported to be synapse with two or more postsynaptic terminals in one presynaptic terminal. These MSBs are known to be increased by various brain stimuli. In the motor cortex, increased number of MSB was observed in both acrobat training (AC) model and traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. Interestingly one is a physiological stimuli and the other is pathological insult. The purpose of this study is to compare the connectivity of MSBs between AC model and TBI model in the cerebral motor cortex, based on the hypothesis that the connectivity of MSBs might be different according to the models. The motor cortex was dissected from perfused brain of each experimental animal, the samples were prepared for routine transmission electron microscopy. The 60~70 serial sections were mounted on the one-hole grid and MSB was analyzed. The 3-dimensional analysis revealed that 94% of MSBs found in AC model synapse two postsynaptic spines from same dendrite. But, 28% MSBs from TBI models synapse two postsynaptic spines from different dendrite. This imply that the MSBs observed in motor cortex of AC model and TBI model might have different circuits for the processing the information.

Keywords

References

  1. Dunnett SB (1995) Functional repair of striatal systems by neural transplants: evidence for circuit reconstruction. Behav Brain Res. 66, 133-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-4328(94)00134-2
  2. Federmeier KD, Kleim JA, Greenough WT (2002) Learning-induced multiple synapse formation in rat cerebellar cortex. Neurosci Lett. 332, 180-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00759-0
  3. Fujii R, Ichikawa M, Ozaki M (2008) Imaging of molecular dynamics regulated by electrical activities in neural circuits and in synapses. Neurosignals. 16, 260-277. https://doi.org/10.1159/000123037
  4. Greenough WT, Larson JR, Withers GS (1985) Effects of unilateral and bilateral training in a reaching task on dendritic branching of neurons in the rat motor-sensory forelimb cortex. Behav Neural Biol. 44, 301-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-1047(85)90310-3
  5. Gundersen HJ, Bagger P, Bendtsen TF, Evans SM, Korbo L, Marcussen N, Moller A, Nielsen K, Nyengaard JR, Pakkenberg B, et al. (1988) The new stereological tools: disector, fractionator, nucleator and point sampled intercepts and their use in pathological research and diagnosis. APMIS. 96, 857-881. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1988.tb00954.x
  6. Jones TA (1999) Multiple synapse formation in the motor cortex opposite unilateral sensorimotor cortex lesions in adult rats. J Comp Neurol. 414, 57-66. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19991108)414:1<57::AID-CNE5>3.0.CO;2-2
  7. Jones TA, Chu CJ, Grande LA, Gregory AD (1999) Motor skills training enhances lesion-induced structural plasticity in the motor cortex of adult rats. J Neurosci. 19, 10153-10163. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-22-10153.1999
  8. Jones TA, Kleim JA, Greenough WT (1996) Synaptogenesis and dendritic growth in the cortex opposite unilateral sensorimotor cortex damage in adult rats: a quantitative electron microscopic examination. Brain Res 733, 142-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(96)00792-5
  9. Kim HW, Oh S, Lee SH, Lee S, Na JE, Lee KJ, Rhyu IJ (2018) Different types of multiple-synapse boutons in the cerebellar cortex between physically enriched and ataxic mutant mice. Microscopy research and technique.
  10. Kleim JA, Barbay S, Cooper NR, Hogg TM, Reidel CN, Remple MS, Nudo RJ (2002) Motor learning-dependent synaptogenesis is localized to functionally reorganized motor cortex. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 77, 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1006/nlme.2000.4004
  11. Kleim JA, Barbay S, Nudo RJ (1998) Functional reorganization of the rat motor cortex following motor skill learning. J Neurophysiol. 80, 3321-3325. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.6.3321
  12. Lee KJ, Jung JG, Arii T, Imoto K, Rhyu IJ (2007) Morphological changes in dendritic spines of Purkinje cells associated with motor learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 88, 445-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2007.06.001
  13. Lee KJ, Park IS, Kim H, Greenough WT, Pak DT, Rhyu IJ (2013) Motor skill training induces coordinated strengthening and weakening between neighboring synapses. J Neurosci. 33, 9794-9799. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0848-12.2013
  14. Medvedev NI, Dallerac G, Popov VI, Rodriguez Arellano JJ, Davies HA, Kraev IV, Doyere V, Stewart MG (2012) Multiple spine boutons are formed after long-lasting LTP in the awake rat. Brain Struct Funct.
  15. Neves G, Cooke SF, Bliss TV (2008) Synaptic plasticity, memory and the hippocampus: a neural network approach to causality. Nat Rev Neurosci. 9, 65-75. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2303
  16. Seung HS (2011) Neuroscience: Towards functional connectomics. Nature. 471, 170-172.
  17. Telgkamp P, Padgett DE, Ledoux VA, Woolley CS, Raman IM (2004) Maintenance of high-frequency transmission at purkinje to cerebellar nuclear synapses by spillover from boutons with multiple release sites. Neuron. 41, 113-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00802-X
  18. Toni N, Buchs PA, Nikonenko I, Bron CR, Muller D (1999) LTP promotes formation of multiple spine synapses between a single axon terminal and a dendrite. Nature. 402, 421-425. https://doi.org/10.1038/46574
  19. Wanaverbecq N, Bodor AL, Bokor H, Slezia A, Luthi A, Acsady L (2008) Contrasting the functional properties of GABAergic axon terminals with single and multiple synapses in the thalamus. J Neurosci. 28, 11848-11861. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3183-08.2008