DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Breeding Behavior of Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) in an Outdoor Breeding Facility

실외 번식시설에서 여우의 번식 행동

  • Song, Dong-Ju (Species Restoration Technology Institute, Korea National Park Service) ;
  • Song, Byeong-Cheol (Species Restoration Technology Institute, Korea National Park Service) ;
  • Kwon, Jun-Hyeok (Species Restoration Technology Institute, Korea National Park Service) ;
  • Shin, Pyeong-Kang (Species Restoration Technology Institute, Korea National Park Service)
  • 송동주 (국립공원관리공단종복원기술원) ;
  • 송병철 (국립공원관리공단종복원기술원) ;
  • 권준혁 (국립공원관리공단종복원기술원) ;
  • 신평강 (국립공원관리공단종복원기술원)
  • Received : 2017.11.15
  • Accepted : 2017.12.18
  • Published : 2018.02.28

Abstract

This study examined the behavior of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) during the estrus period, breeding period, and mating including the estrus period along as well as the effect of environmental factors in an outdoor breeding facility. The average mating duration was 19.95 min (n = 13, range = 1.17-35.25 min). The breeding season was mainly early February (56.6%) for foxes aged more than one year and mid-March (60.0%) for foxes aged less than one year. The mating duration was longest when both male and female were more than one year old ($24.4{\pm}11.08min$), although copulation took place regardless of partner's age. Females that mated twice within two days after estrus started or with two males had 100% pregnancy rate. In addition, the pregnancy rate was highest (87%) when both mating partners were more than one year old. Foxes preferred daytime to nighttime for mating, and thus mating usually took place on sunny days or between 10:00 and 12:00 on partly cloudy days. A male mated with different females for a maximum of five times, and the higher the mating frequency of a male, the longer the mating duration. Interest in mating decreased after three copulations in the case of males and after two copulations in the case of females. Males required at least 4 hours and 46 minutes between the first and second copulation. For this study, we collected reference data that might be applied to breeding programs for the red fox to secure the restoration of individuals of this important species.

발정기, 교배 기간 및 발정기를 포함하는 교미 중 붉은 여우 (Vulpes vulpes)의 행동을 실외 번식시설에서 환경 요인과 함께 조사하였다. 여우의 평균 교배 지속시간은 19.95분(n = 13, 범위 = 1.17-35.25분)이었다. 번식기는 1년 미만 여우의 경우, 3월 중순(60.0%)이었고, 1년 이상 여우는 2월 초순(56.6%)으로 나타났다. 교미 지속시간은 암 수컷 모두가 1세 이상 일 때 가장 길었고($24.4{\pm}11.08$분), 교배는 나이와는 관계없이 이루어졌다. 여우는 발정기를 시작한 후 2일 이내에 두 번 교배하고 두 마리의 수컷과 교배한 암컷의 임신율이 100%였다. 또한, 짝짓기 개체 간 연령이 1년 이상 된 경우 임신율이 87%로 가장 높았다. 여우는 야간보다는 주간 교미를 선호했고 대체로 맑은 날과 부분적으로 흐린 날의 10시부터 12시 사이에 교미를 했다. 수컷 여우는 다른 암컷과 최대 5번 교미했으며, 수컷의 교미 빈도가 높아질수록 교미 지속시간이 늘어났다. 교미에 대한 관심은 수컷은 3회, 암컷은 2회 교미 후 줄어들었다. 수컷은 첫 번째와 두 번째의 교미 사이에 최소 4시간 46분의 휴식이 필요했다. 이 연구에서 우리는 여우의 복원에 있어 개체 확보를 위한 번식 프로그램에 적용 가능한 기본적인 자료를 수집하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Jung C.W., Y.C. Kim, H.J. Lee, S.C. Kim and B.G. Lee(2013) Changes in Suckling Behavioral Pattern in Fox Cubs. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 27(6): 690-694. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2013.27.6.690
  2. Kim, H.S.(1998) Breeding of wild boar and fox. Naeoe Inc., pp. 286-289.
  3. Kim, I.S.(1987) Fox breeding and farming. Gaya Inc., pp. 43-47.
  4. Korea Meteorological Administration. Meteorological Observation Data for January 2017.(http://www.kma.go.kr)
  5. Lee, H.J, K.H. Kwon and C.W. Jung(2014) Fossil Restoration Projection Strategy Using Population Survival Analysis. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 27(4): 417-428.
  6. Lanszki J.(2005) Diet composition of red fox during rearing in a moor: a case study. Folia Zoologica 54(1-2): 213-216
  7. Ministry of Environment(2009) Development of reintroduction and reproduction strategies for red fox (Vulpes vulpes) to Korean ecosystem, pp. 150-160.
  8. Korea National Park Services(2010) Survey of habitat and environmental characteristics for restoration of foxes.
  9. Seo, K.D, J.G. Lee, Y.Y. Kwon and Y. Song(1996) Fur livestock. Sunjinmunhwa Inc., pp. 169-175.