Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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The recognition prioritization of road environment for supporting autonomous vehicle

자율주행차량의 도로환경 인식기술 지원을 위한 우선순위 선정 방안

  • Park, Jaehong (Highway & Transportation Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Yun, Duk Geun (Highway & Transportation Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
  • 박재홍 (한국건설기술연구원 도로연구소) ;
  • 윤덕근 (한국건설기술연구원 도로연구소)
  • Received : 2018.01.08
  • Accepted : 2018.02.02
  • Published : 2018.02.28
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Abstract

The era of autonomous vehicles, which drive themselves and in whose operation the driver does not intervene, is fast approaching. The safety of autonomous vehicles can be guaranteed only if they recognize the road infrastructure. However, the road infrastructure consists of road safety facilities, traffic operation systems, and cross-sectional concerns, which include a variety of components, such as types, shapes, and sizes. Therefore, it is necessary to prioritize the road information. This study was conducted to select the priority with which the road infrastructure attributes should be acquired using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method. The road infrastructure attributes were categorized into 2 levels, levels 1 and 2, which consisted of 3 and 26 types of attributes, respectively. As a result of the AHP analysis, it was found that the highest priorities of the road infrastructure are the road safety facilities, traffic operation systems and cross sectional concerns. Also, in level-2, the priorities of the safety barriers (road safety facilities), traffic signals (traffic operation systems), and the median (cross sectional) are the highest. Also, this study provides application examples of road infrastructure extraction with the Point Cloud. The results are expected to support the recognition of technology for autonomous vehicles.

운전자가 차량 조작에 개입하지 않고, 차량 스스로 주행하는 자율주행차량의 시대가 도래하였다. 자율주행차량 시대에서는 자율주행차량이 도로환경을 정확히 인식함으로써, 자율주행 차량의 안전성을 확보 할 수 있다. 그러나, 도로환경을 구성하고 있는 요소는 도로안전시설, 교통관리시설, 횡단구성으로 구분 할 수 있으며, 각각을 구성하고 있는 종류, 형태 및 규격은 다양하다. 따라서, 도로환경을 구성하고 있는 시설물 중에서 우선적으로 취득해야 하는 도로시설물에 대한 우선순위 결정이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 전문가 설문 및 AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process)기법을 이용하여 도로시설물 인식에 대한 우선선위를 결정하였다. AHP 분석을 위해 항목을 2계층으로 구분했으며, 1계층은 도로안전시설, 교통관리시설, 횡단구성, 2계층은 시선유도시설을 포함한 26개의 항목을 구분하였다. 분석 결과, 1계층에서는 도로안전시설, 교통관리시설, 횡단구성 중 교통관리시설이 가장 우선순위가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 2계층에서는 방호울타리(도로안전시설), 교통신호기(교통관리시설), 중앙분리대(횡단구성)의 우선순위가 높게 나타났다. 또한, AHP 분석 기법을 이용하여 도출된 고정환경을 추출하는 사례를 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 도로시설물에 대한 우선순위 선정 결과는 자율주행차량을 위한 인식기술 지원 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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