Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Numerical investigation of truck aerodynamics on several classes of infrastructures

  • Alonso-Estebanez, Alejandro (Department of Transport, Projects and Process Technology, University of Cantabria) ;
  • del Coz Diaz, Juan J. (Department of Construction, GICONSIME Research Team, University of Oviedo) ;
  • Rabanal, Felipe P.A lvarez (Department of Construction, GICONSIME Research Team, University of Oviedo) ;
  • Pascual-Munoz, Pablo (Department of Transport, Projects and Process Technology, University of Cantabria) ;
  • Nieto, Paulino J. Garcia (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Oviedo)
  • Received : 2017.09.26
  • Accepted : 2018.01.04
  • Published : 2018.01.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper describes the effect of different testing parameters (configuration of infrastructure and truck position on road) on truck aerodynamic coefficients under cross wind conditions, by means of a numerical approach known as Large Eddy Simulation (LES). In order to estimate the air flow behaviour around both the infrastructure and the truck, the filtered continuity and momentum equations along with the Smagorinsky-Lilly model were solved. A solution for these non-linear equations was approached through the finite volume method (FVM) and using temporal and spatial discretization schemes. As for the results, the aerodynamic coefficients acting on the truck model exhibited nearly constant values regardless of the Reynolds number. The flat ground is the infrastructure where the rollover coefficient acting on the truck model showed lowest values under cross wind conditions (yaw angle of $90^{\circ}$), while the worst infrastructure studied for vehicle stability was an embankment with downward-slope on the leeward side. The position of the truck on the road and the value of embankment slope angle that minimizes the rollover coefficient were determined by successfully applying the Response Surface Methodology.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : FEDER

References

  1. Alvarez-Legazpi, P., Vargas-Munoz, M., Martinez-Acevedo, J.C., Botella-Malagon, J. and Rodriguez- Fernandez, M. (2010), "Cross wind protection systems for high speed Railway Lines", Proceedings of the ASME Joint Rail Conference 2010, JRC2010, April 27-29, 2010, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
  2. ANSYS Inc. Fluent Manual Release 17.0. (2017), Canonsburg, PA, USA.
  3. Andersson, B., Andersson, R., Hakansson, L., Mortensen M., Rahman S. and Berend V.W. (2012). Computational fluid dynamics for engineers, Cambridge University Press, New York, USA.
  4. Argentini, T., Ozkan, E., Rocchi, D., Rosa, L. and Zasso, A. (2011), "Cross-wind effects on a vehicle crossing the wake of a bridge pylon", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 99(6-7), 734-740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2011.01.021
  5. Baker, C.J. and Reynolds, S. (1992), "Wind-induced accidents of road vehicles", Accid. Ana. Prev., 24(6), 559-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(92)90009-8
  6. Bettle, J., Holloway, A.G.L. and Venart, J.E.S. (2003), "A computational study of the aerodynamic forces acting on a tractor-trailer vehicle on a bridge in cross-wind", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 91(5), 573-592. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00461-0
  7. Bitsuamlak, G.T., Stathopoulos, T. and Bedard, C. (2004), "Numerical evaluation of wind flow over complex terrain: Review", J. Aerospace Eng., 17(4), 135-145. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0893-1321(2004)17:4(135)
  8. Bocciolone, M., Cheli, F., Corradi, R., Muggiasca, S. and Tomasini, G. (2008), "Crosswind action on rail vehicles: Wind tunnel experimental analyses", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 96(5), 584-610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2008.02.030
  9. Cermak, J.E. and Isyumov, N. (1998), Wind Tunnel Studies of Buildings and Structures. ASCE, Reston, Virginia.
  10. Cheli, F., Corradi, R., Rocchi, D., Tomasini, G. and Maestrini, E. (2010), "Wind tunnel tests on train scale models to investigate the effect of infrastructure scenario", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 98(6-7), 353-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2010.01.001
  11. Cheli, F., Corradi, R., Sabbioni, E. and Tomasini, G. (2011), "Wind tunnel tests on heavy road vehicles: Cross wind induced loads-Part 1", J. Wind. Eng..Ind. Aerod., 99(10), 1000-1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2011.07.009
  12. Cheli, F., Ripamonti, F., Sabbioni, E. and Tomasini, G. (2011), "Wind tunnel tests on heavy road vehicles: Cross wind induced loads-Part 2", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 99(10), 1011-1024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2011.07.007
  13. Coleman, S.A. and Baker, C.J. (1990, "High sided road vehicles in cross winds", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 36(1-3), 1383-1391. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(90)90134-X
  14. Del Coz Diaz, J.J., Garcia Nieto, P.J., Castro-Fresno, D. and Menendez Rodriguez, P. (2011), "Steady state numerical simulation of the particle collection efficiency of a new urban sustainable gravity settler using design of experiments by FVM", Appl. Math. Comput., 217(21), 8166-8178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2011.03.044
  15. Del Coz Diaz, J.J., Serrano Lopez, M.A., Lopez-Colina Perez, C. and A lvarez Rabanal, F.P. (2012), "Effect of the vent hole geometry and welding on the static strength of galvanized RHS K-joints by FEM and DOE", Eng. Struct., 41, 218-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.03.050
  16. Delaunay, D., Baker, C.J., Cheli, F., Morvan, H., Berger, L., Casazza, M., Gomez, C., Cleac'h C.Le., Saffell, R., Gregoire, R. and Vinuales, A. (2006), "Development of wind alarm systems for road and rail vehicles: presentation of the WEATHER project", Proceedings of the SIRWEC2006, 13th International Riad Weather Conference, Torino, Italy.
  17. Diedrichs, B., Sima, M., Orellano, A. and Tengstrand, H. (2007). "Crosswind stability of a high-speed train on a high embankment", Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Pt. F: J. Rail Rapid Transit, 221(2), 205-225. https://doi.org/10.1243/0954409JRRT126
  18. Dorigatti, F., Sterling, M., Rocchi, D., Belloli, M., Quinn, A.D., Baker, C.J. and Ozkan, E. (2012), "Wind tunnel measurements of crosswind loads on high sided vehicles over long span bridges", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 107-108, 214-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.04.017
  19. Dragomirescu, E., Wang, Z. and Hoftyzer, M.S. (2016), "Aerodynamic characteristics investigation of Megane multibox bridge deck by CFD-LES simulations and experimental tests", Wind Struct., 22(2), 161-184. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.22.2.161
  20. European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence and Combustion (ERCOFTAC). Special Interest Group on Quality and Trust in Industrial CFD Best Practice Guidelines, (2000), (Eds. M. Casey and T. Wintergerste), (online).
  21. Garcia, J., Munoz-Paniagua, J., Jimenez, A., Migoya, E. and Crespo, A. (2015), "Numerical study of the influence of synthetic turbulent in flow conditions on the aerodynamics of a train", J. Fluid. Struct., 56, 134-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2015.05.002
  22. He, X., Shi, K., Wu, T., Wang, H. and Qin, H (2016), "Aerodynamic performance of a novel wind barrier for trainbridge system", Wind Struct., 23(3), 171-189. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.23.3.171
  23. Hibino, Y., Shimomura, T. and Tanifuji, K. (2010), "Full-scale experiment on the behavior of a railway vehicle being subjected to lateral force", J. Mech. Syst. Transp. Logist., 3, 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1299/jmtl.3.35
  24. Hoppmann, U., Koenig, S., Tielkes, T. and Matschke, G. (2002), "A short-term strong wind prediction model for railway application: Design and verification", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 90(10), 1127-1134. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00226-X
  25. Imai, T., Fujii, T., Tanemoto, K., Shimamura, T., Maeda, T., Ishida, H. and Hibino, Y. (2002), "New train regulation method based on wind direction and velocity of natural wind against strong winds", J. Wind Eng. Ind.Aerod., 90(12-15), 1601-1610. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00273-8
  26. Kang, J.H. and Lee, S.J. (2008), "Experimental study of wind load on a container crane located in a uniform flow and atmospheric boundary layers", Eng. Struct., 30(7), 1913-1921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.12.013
  27. Kraichnan, R.H. (1970), "Diffusion by a random velocity field", Phys Fluids, 13(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1692799
  28. Ma, L., Zhou, D., Han, W., Wu, J. and Liu, J. (2016), "Transient aerodynamic forces of a vehicle passing through a bridge tower's wake region in crosswind environment", Wind Struct., 22(2), 211-234. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.22.2.211
  29. Madenci, E. and Guven, I. (2015), The Finite Element Method and Applications in Engineering Using ANSYS. Springer, New York.
  30. Miao, X.J., Tian, H.Q. and Gao, G.J. (2010), "Effect of railway environment on aerodynamic performance of train on embankment", Zhongnan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 41(5), 2028-2033.
  31. Montgomery, D.C. (2001), Design and Analysis of Engineering Experiments. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
  32. Patankar, S.V. and Spalding, D.B. (1972), "A calculation procedure for heat, mass and momentum transfer in threedimensional parabolic flows", Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 15(10): 1787-1806. https://doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(72)90054-3
  33. Schober, M., Weise, M., Orellano, A., Deeg, P. and Wetzel, W. (2010), "Wind tunnel investigation of an ICE 3 endcar on three standard ground scenarios", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 98(6-7), 345-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2009.12.004
  34. Shao, X.M., Wan, J., Chen, D.W. and Xiong, H.B. (2011), "Aerodynamic modeling and stability analysis of a high-speed train under strong rain and crosswind conditions", J. Zhejiang University: Science A. 12(12), 964-970. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A11GT001
  35. Smagorinsky, J. (1963), "General circulation experiments with the primitive equations: I The basic experiment", Mon Weather Rev., 91, 99-164. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1963)091<0099:GCEWTP>2.3.CO;2
  36. Smirnov, R., Shi, S. and Celik, I. (2001), "Random flow generation technique for large eddy simulations and particledynamics modelling", J. Fluids Eng., 123, 359-371. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1369598
  37. Sterling, M., Quinn, A.D., Hargreaves, D.M., Cheli, F., Sabbioni, E., Tomasini, G., Delaunay, D., Baker, C.J. and Morvan, H. (2010), "A comparison of different methods to evaluate the wind induced forces on a high sided lorry", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 98(1), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2009.08.008
  38. Suzuki, M., Tanemoto, K. and Maeda, T. (2003), "Aerodynamic characteristics of train/vehicles under cross winds", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 91(1-2), 209-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00346-X
  39. Telenta, M., Batista, M., Biancolini, M.E., Prebil, I. and Duhovnik, J. (2015), "Parametric numerical study of wind barrier shelter", Wind Struct., 20(1), 75-93. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2015.20.1.075
  40. Tsubokura, M., Nakashima, T., Kitayama, M., Ikawa, Y., Hee- Doh, D. and Kobayashi, T. (2010), "Large eddy simulation on the unsteady aerodynamic response of a road vehicle in transient crosswinds", Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow., 31(6), 1075-1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2010.05.008
  41. Tu, J., Yeoh, G.H. and Liu, C. (2012), Computational Fluid Dynamics. A Practical Approach, 2nd Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
  42. Wang, B., Xu, Y.L., Zhu, L.D. and Li, Y.L. (2014), "Crosswind effect studies in road vehicle passing by bridge tower using computational fluid dynamics", Eng. Appl. Comput. Fluid Mech., 8(3), 330-344.
  43. Wu, M., Li, Y. and Zhang, W. (2017), "Impacts of wind shielding effects of bridge tower on railway vehicle running performance", Wind Struct., 25(1), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.12989/WAS.2017.25.1.063
  44. Yang, Y., Xie, Z. and Gu, M. (2017), "Consistent inflow boundary conditions for modelling the neutral equilibrium atmospheric boundary layer for the SST k-${\omega}$ model", Wind Struct., 24(5), 465-480. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.24.5.465
  45. Yang, S., Xiang, H., Fang, C., Wang, L. and Li, Y. (2017), "Wind tunnel tests on flow fields of full-scale railway wind barriers", Wind Struct., 24(2), 171-184. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.24.2.171

Cited by

  1. Comparison of aerodynamic performances of various airfoils from different airfoil families using CFD vol.32, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2021.32.3.239