DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic fragility assessment of self-centering RC frame structures considering maximum and residual deformations

  • Li, Lu-Xi (State Key Lab. of Coastal Offshore Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology) ;
  • Li, Hong-Nan (State Key Lab. of Coastal Offshore Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology) ;
  • Li, Chao (State Key Lab. of Coastal Offshore Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology)
  • 투고 : 2018.08.17
  • 심사 : 2018.11.07
  • 발행 : 2018.12.25

초록

Residual deformation is a crucial index that should be paid special attention in the performance-based seismic analyses of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Owing to their superior re-centering capacity under earthquake excitations, the post-tensioned self-centering (PTSC) RC frames have been proposed and developed for engineering application during the past few decades. This paper presents a comprehensive assessment on the seismic fragility of a PTSC frame by simultaneously considering maximum and residual deformations. Bivariate limit states are defined according to the pushover analyses for maximum deformations and empirical judgments for residual deformations. Incremental Dynamic Analyses (IDA) are conducted to derive the probability of exceeding predefined limit states at specific ground motion intensities. Seismic performance of the PTSC frame is compared with that of a conventional monolithic RC frame. The results show that, taking a synthetical consideration of maximum and residual deformations, the PTSC frame surpasses the monolithic frame in resisting most damage states, but is more vulnerable to ground motions with large intensities.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : National Natural Science Foundation of China

참고문헌

  1. ACI Innovation Task Group 1 (2001), Acceptance Criteria for Moment Frames Based on Structural Testing (T1.1-01) and Commentary (T1.1R-01), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, U.S.A.
  2. Applied Technology Council (ATC) (1996), Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings, Volumes 1 and 2, Report No. ATC-40, Redwood City, California, U.S.A.
  3. ATC (2000), Prestandard and Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, FEMA 356, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, U.S.A.
  4. ATC, NEHRP (1997), Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, FEMA 273, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, U.S.A.
  5. Borekci, M. and Kircil, M.S. (2011), "Fragility analysis of R/C frame buildings based on different types of hysteretic model", Struct. Eng. Mech., 39(6), 795-812. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2011.39.6.795
  6. Cheok, G.S. and Lew, H.S. (1991), "Model precast concrete beam-to-column connections subject to cyclic loading", PCI J., 36(3), 56-67.
  7. Chou C.C. and Chen, J.H. (2011), "Seismic design and shake table tests of a steel post-tensioned self-centering moment frame with a slab accommodating frame expansion", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 40(11), 1241-1261. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1086
  8. Chou, C.C. and Chen, J. H. (2010), "Tests and analyses of a full-scale post-tensioned RCS frame subassembly", J. Constr. Steel Res., 66(11), 1354-1365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.013
  9. Chou, C.C., Chen, J.H. and Chen, Y.C. (2006), "Evaluating performance of post-tensioned steel connections with strands and reduced flange plates", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 35(9), 1167-1185. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.579
  10. Christopoulos, C., Filiatrault, A. and Uang, C.M. (2002), "Posttensioned energy dissipating connections for momentresisting steel frames", J. Struct. Eng., 128(9), 1111-1120. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2002)128:9(1111)
  11. Christopoulos, C., Pampanin, S. and Priestley, M.J.N. (2003), "Performance-based seismic response of frame structures including residual deformations. Part I: Single-degree of freedom systems", J. Earthq. Eng., 7(1), 97-118. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460309350443
  12. Cornell, C.A. and Krawinkler, H. (2000), "Progress and challenges in seismic performance assessment", Peer Center News, 20(2), 130-139.
  13. Cui, Y., Lu, X.L. and Jiang, C. (2017), "Experimental investigation of tri-axial self-centering reinforced concrete frame structures through shaking table tests", Eng. Struct., 132, 684-694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.11.066
  14. Eguchi, R.T., Goltz, J.D., Taylor, C.E., Chang, S.E., Flores, P.J., Johnson, L.A., Seligson, H.A. and Blais N.C. (1998), "Direct economic losses in the northridge earthquake: a three-year post", Earthq. Spectr., 14(2), 245-264. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1585998
  15. El-Sheikh, M., Sause, R., Pessiki, S. and Lu, L.W. (1999), "Seismic behavior and design of unbonded post-tensioned precast concrete frames", PCI J., 44(3), 54-71. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.05011999.54.71
  16. Ellingwood, B.R., Celik, O.C. and Kinali, K. (2007), "Fragility assessment of building structural systems in Mid-America", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 36(13), 1935-1952. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.693
  17. Elnashait, A.S., Borzi, B. and Viachost, S. (2004), "Deformation-based vulnerability functions for RC bridges", Struct. Eng. Mech., 17(2), 215-244. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2004.17.2.215
  18. Erberik, M.A. and Elnashai, A.S. (2004), "Fragility analysis of flat-slab structures", Eng. Struct., 26(7), 937-948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.02.012
  19. Fang, C., Zhong, Q., Wang, W., Hu, S. and Qiu, C. (2018), "Peak and residual responses of steel moment-resisting and braced frames under pulse-like near-fault earthquakes", Eng. Struct., 177, 579-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.10.013
  20. Garlock, M.M. (2005), "Experimental studies of full-scale posttensioned steel connections", J. Struct. Eng., 131(3), 438-448. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:3(438)
  21. Garlock, M.M., Sause, R. and Ricles, J.M. (2007), "Behavior and design of posttensioned steel frame systems", J. Struct. Eng., 133(3), 389-399. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:3(389)
  22. GB 50010-2010 (2010a), Code for Design of Concrete Structures, National Standards of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
  23. GB 50011-2010 (2010b), Code for Seismic Design of Buildings, National Standards of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
  24. Ghosh, S.K. and Cleland, N. (2012), "Observations from the February 27, 2010, earthquake in Chile", PCI J., 57(1), 52-75. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.01012012.52.75
  25. Guo, T., Song, L.L. and Cao, Z. (2016), "Large-scale tests on cyclic behavior of self-centering prestressed concrete frames", ACI Struct. J., 113(6), 1263-1274. https://doi.org/10.14359/51689248
  26. Guo,T., Song, L.L. and Zhang, G.D. (2015), "Numerical Simulation and seismic fragility analysis of a self-centering steel MRF with web friction devices", J. Earthq. Eng., 19(5), 731-751. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2014.1003437
  27. Kammula, V., Erochko, J. and Kwon, O.S. (2014), "Application of hybrid-simulation to fragility assessment of the telescoping self-centering energy dissipative bracing system", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 43(6), 811-830. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2374
  28. Kang, J.W. and Lee, J. (2016), "A new damage index for seismic fragility analysis of reinforced concrete columns", Struct. Eng. Mech., 60(5), 875-890. https://doi.org/10.12989/SEM.2016.60.5.875
  29. Kim, H.J. and Christopoulos, C. (2009), "Numerical models and ductile ultimate deformation response of post-tensioned self-centering moment connections", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 38(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.836
  30. Kwon, O.S. and Elnashai, A. (2006), "The effect of material and ground motion uncertainty on the seismic vulnerability curves of RC structure", Eng. Struct., 28(2), 289-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.07.010
  31. Li, C., Hao, H., Li, H.N. and Bi, K.M. (2016), "Seismic fragility analysis of reinforced concrete bridges with chloride induced corrosion subjected to spatially varying ground motions", Int. J. Struct. Stab. Dyn., 16(5), 1550010. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455415500108
  32. Li, C., Li, H.N., Hao, H., Bi, K.M. and Chen, B.K. (2018), "Seismic fragility analyses of sea-crossing cable-stayed bridges subjected to multi-support ground motions on offshore sites", Eng. Struct., 165, 441-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.03.066
  33. Lin, Y.C., Sause, R. and Ricles, J. (2013a), "Seismic performance of a large-scale steel self-centering moment-resisting frame: MCE hybrid simulations and quasi-static pushover tests", J. Struct. Eng., 139(7), 1227-1236. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000661
  34. Lin, Y.C., Sause, R. and Ricles, J. (2013b). "Seismic performance of steel self-centering, moment-resisting frame: Hybrid simulations under design basis earthquake", J. Struct. Eng., 139(11), 1823-1832. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000745
  35. Lu, X.L., Cui, Y., Liu, J.J. and Gao, W.J. (2015), "Shaking table test and numerical simulation of a 1/2-scale self-centering reinforced concrete frame", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 44(12), 1899-1917. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2560
  36. Luco, N., Bazzurro, P. and Cornell, C.A. (2004), "Dynamic versus static computation of the residual capacity of a main shock damaged building to withstand an aftershock", Proceedings of the 13th WCEE, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
  37. Mackie, K. and Stojadinovic, B. (2004), "Residual displacement and post earthquake capacity of highway bridges", Proceedings of the 13th WCEE, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
  38. McCormick, J., Aburano, H., Ikenaga, M. and Nakashima, M. (2008), "Permissible residual deformation levels for building structures considering both safety and human elements", Proceedings of the 14th WCEE, Beijing, China.
  39. Mckenna, F. and Fenves, G.L. (2013), Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees), Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, U.S.A.
  40. Morgen, B.G. and Kurama, Y. C. (2004), "A friction damper for post-tensioned precast concrete moment frames", PCI J., 49(4), 112-133. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.07012004.112.133
  41. Morgen, B.G. and Kurama, Y.C. (2007), "Seismic design of friction-damped precast concrete frame structures", J. Struct. Eng., 133(11), 1501-1511. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:11(1501)
  42. Morgen, B.G. and Kurama, Y.C. (2008), "Seismic response evaluation of posttensioned precast concrete frames with friction dampers", J. Struct. Eng., 134(1), 132-145. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:1(132)
  43. Muguruma, H., Nishiyama, M. and Watanabe, F. (1995), "Lessons learned from the Kobe Earthquake: A Japanese Perspective", Pci J., 40(4), 28-42. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.07011995.28.42
  44. Nakaki, S.D. and Englekirk, R.E. (1991), "PRESSS industry seismic workshops: Concept development", PCI J., 36(6), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.09011991.54.61
  45. New Zealand Standards (NZS) (2006), Concrete Design Standard, NZS 3101:2006, Wellington, New Zealand.
  46. Pampanin, S., Christopoulos, C. and Priestley, M.J.N. (2002), Residual Deformations in the Performance Based Seismic Assessment of Frame Structures, Report ROSE-2002/02, European School for Advanced Studies in Reduction of Seismic Risk, University of Pavia, Italy.
  47. Pampanin, S., Christopoulos, C. and Priestley, M.J.N. (2003), "Performance-based seismic response of frame structures including residual deformations. Part II: Multi-degree of freedom systems", J. Earthq. Eng., 7(1), 119-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460309350444
  48. Priestley, M.J.N. (1991), "Overview of PRESSS research program", PCI J., 36(4), 50-57. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.07011991.50.57
  49. Priestley, M.J.N. and Macrae, G.A. (1996), "Seismic tests of precast beam-to-column joint subassemblages with unbonded tendons", PCI J., 41(1), 64-81.
  50. Qiu, C. and Zhu, S. (2017), "Shake table test and numerical study of self-centering steel frame with SMA braces", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 46(1), 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2777
  51. Rahgozar, N., Moghadam, A.S. and Aziminejad, A. (2017), "Response of self-centering braced frame to near-field pulse-like ground motions", Struct. Eng. Mech., 62(4), 497-506. https://doi.org/10.12989/SEM.2017.62.4.497
  52. Roh, H. and Reinhorn, A.M. (2009), "Analytical modeling of rocking elements", Eng. Struct., 31(5), 1179-1189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.01.014
  53. Rosenblueth, E. and Meli, R. (1986), "The 1985 Mexico earthquake: Causes and effects in Mexico City", Concrete Int. (ACI), 8(5), 23-34.
  54. Rota, M., Penna, A. and Magenes, G. (2010), "A methodology for deriving analytical fragility curves for masonry buildings based on stochastic nonlinear analyses", Eng. Struct., 32(5), 1312-1323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.01.009
  55. Saatcioglu, M., Mitchell, D., Tinawi, R., Gardner, N.J., Gillies, A.G., Ghobarah, A., Anderson, D.L and Lau, D. (2001), "The august 17, 1999, Kocaeli (turkey) earthquake-damage to structure", Can. J. Civil Eng., 28(4), 715-737. https://doi.org/10.1139/l01-043
  56. Shen, J. and Astaneh-Asl, A. (2000), "Hysteresis model of bolted-angle connections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 54(3), 317-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(99)00070-X
  57. Shrestha,B., Li, C. and Hao, H. (2016), "Performance-based seismic assessment of superelastic shape memory alloyreinforced bridge piers considering residual deformations", J. Earthq. Eng., 21(7), 1050-1069.
  58. Song, L.L. (2016), "Seismic performance and design method of self-centering concrete frames", Ph.D. Dissertation, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
  59. Song, L.L., Guo, T. and Chen, C. (2014), "Experimental and numerical study of a self-centering prestressed concrete moment resisting frame connection with bolted web friction devices", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 43(4), 529-545. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2358
  60. Stanton, J. (1997), "A hybrid reinforced precast frame for seismic region", PCI J., 42(2), 20-23.
  61. Tian, L. and Qiu, C. (2018), "Modal pushover analysis of self-centering concentrically braced frames", Struct. Eng. Mech., 65(3), 251-261. https://doi.org/10.12989/SEM.2018.65.3.251
  62. Uma, S.R., Pampanin, S. and Christopoulos, C. (2010), "Development of probabilistic framework for performancebased seismic assessment of structures considering residual deformations", J. Earthq. Eng., 14(7), 1092-1111. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460903556509
  63. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C.A. (2002), "Incremental dynamic analysis", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 31(3), 491-514. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.141
  64. Waseem, M. and Spacone, E. (2017), "Fragility curves for the typical multi-span simply supported bridges in northern pakistan", Struct. Eng. Mech., 64(2), 213-223. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.64.2.213
  65. Zhang, A.L., Zhang, Y.X., Li, R. and Wang, Z. Y. (2016), "Cyclic behavior of a prefabricated self-centering beam-column connection with a bolted web friction device", Eng. Struct., 111, 185-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.12.025

피인용 문헌

  1. Effect of biaxial stress state on seismic fragility of concrete gravity dams vol.18, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.18.3.285
  2. A reliability-based fragility assessment method for seismic pounding between nonlinear buildings vol.77, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.77.1.019
  3. Lifetime seismic performance assessment of high-rise steel-concrete composite frame with buckling-restrained braces under wind-induced fatigue vol.77, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.77.2.197
  4. Component deformation-based collapse evaluation of RC frame under different collapse criteria vol.21, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2021.21.2.113