지구물리와물리탐사 (Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration)

  • 제21권4호
  • /
  • Pages.262-272
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  • 2018
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  • 1229-1064(pISSN)
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  • 2384-051X(eISSN)
한국지구물리·물리탐사학회 (Korean Society of Earth and Exploration Geophysicists)
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광산지역 지반침하 모니터링을 위한 미소진동 분석프로그램 개발 현황

Microseismic Data Analysis Program for Monitoring Ground Subsidence in Mining Area

  • 투고 : 2018.09.11
  • 심사 : 2018.11.23
  • 발행 : 2018.11.30
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초록

폐광지역 채굴적의 지반침하 징후를 분석하기 위해 지중변위의 발생에 따른 미소진동을 모니터링하기 위한 시스템이 일부 광산지역에서 운영되고 있다. 이러한 미소진동을 모니터링하기 위한 시스템은 크게 3성분 수진기, 데이터 로거 및 분석 프로그램으로 구성된다. 이 중 분석프로그램은 기존 P파 초동을 이용한 미소진동 발생 위치분석만을 수행하였으나 프로그램의 업그레이드를 통해 PS시를 이용한 위치분석이 가능해졌다. 또한 현장의 고유계수 및 파형분석을 통해 미소진동의 규모를 계산할 수 있는 기능이 추가되었다. 그리고 미소진동 분석 결과를 현장 사진과 중첩하는 기능을 추가하여 시각적으로 미소진동 발생위치를 확인 가능하도록 하였다.

A system for microseismic monitoring due to underground displacements is being operated in several mining areas in order to analyze ground subsidence. Microseismic monitoring system mainly consist of three components; 3-component geophone, data logger and analysis program. The previous analysis program had found the location of microseismic source by analysing only first arrivals of P-waves, but the upgraded analysis program has improved accuracy of the location by analysing both P- and S-waves. This analysis program also has upgraded the function to calculate the microseismic magnitude by using regional specific coefficient and microseismic amplitude. Also the program has upgraded the function to confirm visual location of microseismic source by superimposing field aerial photographs and the results.

키워드

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Fig. 1. Main view of GMO analysis tool (Ver 2.0).

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Fig. 3. Combined Microseismic data of Yuil mine.

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Fig. 2. Microseismic data of Yuil mine (BH 2).

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Fig. 5. Automatic picking of the first arrivals of P-waves using STA/LTA algorithm.

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Fig. 4. Effective range setting of the first arrival picking for P-waves.

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Fig. 6. Inversion results using the first arrival times of P-waves.

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Fig. 7. P-waves hodogram obtained from 3-component geophone.

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Fig. 8. S-waves hodogram obtained from 3-component geophone.

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Fig. 9. Results of polarization filter and automatic picking. (Left) Original signal, (Right) Polarization filter applied signal.

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Fig. 10. Microseismic 3-component raw data (a) and their polarization filtered data (b). Effective range setting enables proper first arrival S-wave acquisition.

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Fig. 11. Initial configuration setting menu for location inversion.

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Fig. 12. Inversion results using the first arrival times of P- and S- waves.

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Fig. 13. The area coefficient of Yuil mine for calculating microseismic magnitude.

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Fig. 14. Microseismic magnitude of Yuil mine in case of using 1 g detonator.

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Fig. 16. Three-dimensional diagram of inversion results.

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Fig. 15. Inversion result and satellite photo overlays.

Table 1. Program development environment.

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Table 2. Inversion results using the first arrival times of P-waves.

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Table 3. Inversion results using the first arrival times of P-and S-waves.

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Table 4. Equivalent explosive energy release, fault/fracture size and slip for different magnitude values (Maxwell, 2014).

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Table 5. Magnitude values according to explosive energy in Yuil mine.

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참고문헌

  1. Flinn, E. A., 1965, Signal analysis using rectilinearity and direction of particle motion, Proc. IEEE, 53(11), 1874-1876. https://doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1965.4462
  2. Gibowicz, S. J., and Kijko, A., 1994, An introduction to mining seismology, Academic Press.
  3. Kim, C. O., Um, W. Y., Chung, S. K., and Cheon, D. S., 2016, Case study of microseismic techniques for stability analysis of pillars in a limestone mine, Tunnel & Underground Space, 26(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.7474/TUS.2016.26.1.001
  4. Kim, M. S., Byun, J. M., and Seol, S. J., 2010, Study on micorseismic monitoring method for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), Journal of the Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, 47(6), 871-879. In Korean with English abstracts
  5. Lee, G. H., Lee, K., Shin, C. H., and Kim, Y. W., 2014, Microseismic monitoring in shale gas development: A report, J. Korea Inst. Mineral Mining Eng., 51(2), 285-297 (in Korean with English abstract).
  6. Maxwell, S., 2014, Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fracturing: Improved Engineering of Unconventional Shale Reservoirs, Society of Exploration Geophysicists Distinguished Instructor Series, No. 17.
  7. Montalbetti, J. F., and Kanasewich, E. R., 1970, Enhancement of teleseismic body phases with a polarization filter, Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 21, 119-129. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1970.tb01771.x
  8. Sheen, D. H., Cho, C. S., and Lee, H. I., 2013, Microseismic monitoring using seismic mini-array, Geophys. and Geophys. Explor., 16(1), 53-58 (in Korean with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.7582/GGE.2013.16.1.53