DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The numerical study of seismic behavior of gravity retaining wall built near rock face

  • Taravati, Hossein (Department of Civil Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University) ;
  • Ardakani, Alireza (Department of Civil Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University)
  • 투고 : 2017.07.14
  • 심사 : 2018.02.12
  • 발행 : 2018.02.25

초록

We present the accurate investigation the seismic behavior of the gravity retaining wall built near rock face based on numerical method. The retaining wall is a useful structure in geotechnical engineering, where the earthquake is a common phenomenon; therefore, the evaluation of the behavior of the retaining wall during an earthquake is essential. However, in all previous studies, the backfill behind the wall was usually approximated by a homogeneous region, while in contrast, in practice, in many cases retaining walls are used to support the soil pressure in, inhomogeneous, mountainous area. This suggests an accurate investigation of the problem, i.e., numerical analysis. The numerical results will be compared with some of recently proposed analytical methods to show the accuracy of the proposed method. We show that increasing the volume of the rock face yields decreasing the permanent horizontal displacement of the gravity retaining wall built near rock face. Besides, we see that the permanent horizontal displacement of the gravity retaining wall with homogenous backfill is more than permanent horizontal displacement of the gravity retaining wall case of the built near rock face in different frequency contents.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Aminpoor, M. and Ghanbari, A. (2014), "Design charts for yield acceleration and seismic displacement of retaining walls with surcharge through limit analysis", Struct. Eng. Mech., 52(6), 1225-1256. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2014.52.6.1225
  2. Ardakani, A., Bayat, M. and Javanmard, M. (2014), "Numerical modeling of soil nail walls considering Mohr Coulomb, hardening soil and hardening soil with small-strain stiffness effect models", Geomech. Eng., 6(4), 391-401. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2014.6.4.391
  3. Ardakani, A., Gholampoor, N., Bayat, M. and Bayat, M. (2018), "Evaluation of monotonic and cyclic behaviour of geotextile encased stone columns", Struct. Eng. Mech., 65(1), 81-89. https://doi.org/10.12989/SEM.2018.65.1.081
  4. Athanasopoulos-Zekkos, A., Vlachakis, V. S. and Athanasopoulos, G.A. (2013), "Phasing issues in the seismic response of yielding, gravity-type earth retaining walls-Overview and results from a FEM study", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 55, 59-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2013.08.004
  5. Azarafza, M., Feizi-Derakhshi, M. and Azarafza M. (2017), "Computer modeling of crack propagation in concrete retaining walls: A case study", Comput. Concrete, 19(5), 509-514. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2017.19.5.509
  6. Benz, T. (2006), "Small-strain stiffness of soils and its numerical consequences", PhD Thesis, University Stuttgart.
  7. Benz, T., Vermeer, P.A. and Schwab, R.A. (2009), "Small-strain overlay model", Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meter., 33(1), 25-44. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.701
  8. Bray, I., Travasarou, T. and Zupan, J. (2010), "Seismic displacement design of earth retaining structures", ASCE GSP, 208, 638-655.
  9. Cakir, T. (2013), "Evaluation of the effect of earthquake frequency content on seismic behavior of cantilever retaining wall including soil-structure interaction", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng, 45, 96-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.11.008
  10. Cakir, T. (2014), "Backfill and subsoil interaction effects on seismic behavior of a cantilever wall", Geomech. Eng., 6(2), 601-619.
  11. Cakir, T. (2017), "Assessment of effect of material properties on seismic response of a cantilever wall", Geomech. Eng., 13(4), 601-619.
  12. Clough, G.W. and Duncan, J.M. (1971), "Finite element analysis of retaining wall behavior", J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 97(12), 1657-1673.
  13. Duncan, J.M. and Chang, C.Y. (1970), "Nonlinear analysis of stress and strain in soils", J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 96(5), 1629-1653.
  14. Frydman, S. and Keissar, I. (1987), "Earth pressure on retaining walls near rock faces", J. Geotech. Eng., ASCE, 113(6), 586-599. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1987)113:6(586)
  15. Gazetas, G., Psarropoulos, P.N., Anastasopoulos, L. and Gerolymos, N. (2004). "Seismic behavior of flexible retaining system subjected to short-duration moderately strong excitation", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 24, 537-550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.02.005
  16. Ghosh, S. and Sharma, R.P. (2012), "Seismic active earth pressure on the back of battered retaining wall supporting inclined backfill", Int. J. Geomech., 12(1), 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000112
  17. Hardin, B.O. and Drnevich, V.P. (1972), "Shear modulus and damping in soils: design equations and curves", J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 98, 667-692.
  18. Hatami, K. and Bathurst, R.J. (2001), "Investigation of response of reinforced soil retaining walls", Proceeding of the 4th International Conference On Recent Advances in Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Dynamic and Symposium In Honor of Professor W.D Liam Finn, San Diego, California, USA.
  19. Ismeik, M. and Shaqour, F. (2015), "Seismic lateral earth pressure analysis of retaining walls", Geomech. Eng., 8(4), 523-540. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2015.8.4.523
  20. Jesmani, M., Kamalzare, M. and Bahrami Sarbandi, B. (2016), "Seismic response of geosynthetic reinforced retaining walls", Geomech. Eng., 10(5), 635-655. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2016.10.5.635
  21. Nakamura, S. (2006), "Re-examination of Mononobe-Okabe theory of gravity retaining walls using centrifuge model tests", Soils Found., 46(2), 135-146. https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.46.135
  22. Newmark, K.M. (1965), "Effect of earthquakes on dams and embankments", Geotechnique, 15(2), 139-160. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1965.15.2.139
  23. Ouria, A., Toufigh, V., Desai, C., Toufigh, V. and Saadatmanesh, H. (2016), "Finite element analysis of a CFRP reinforced retaining wall", Geomech. Eng., 10(6), 757-774. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2016.10.6.757
  24. Plaxis 2D (2002), Reference Manual, Version 8.
  25. Temor, R. and Bekdas, G. (2016), "Teaching learning-based optimization for design of cantilever retaining walls", Struct. Eng. Mech., 57(4), 763-783. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.57.4.763
  26. Tiznado, J.C. and Rodriguez-Roa, F. (2011), "Seismic lateral movement prediction for gravity retaining walls on granular soils", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 31(3), 391-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2010.09.008
  27. Tso, W., Zhu, T. and Heidebrecht, A. (1992), "Engineering implications of ground motion A/V ratio", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 11(3), 133-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/0267-7261(92)90027-B
  28. Varnier, J. and Hatami, K. (2011), "Seismic response of reinforced soil walls: Is PGA-based design adequate?", Geo Risk, ASCE, 336-343.
  29. Wu, Y. and Prakash, S. (2011), "Design charts for retaining walls in seismic areas", ASCE GSP, 199, 2973-2981.

피인용 문헌

  1. The effect of pile cap stiffness on the seismic response of soil-pile-structure systems under near-fault ground motions vol.20, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2021.20.1.087
  2. Modified pseudo-dynamic analysis of rigid gravity retaining wall with cohesion-less backfill and uniform surcharge vol.26, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.26.5.453