DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Implementation of Pattern Recognition Algorithm Using Line Scan Camera for Recognition of Path and Location of AGV

무인운반차(AGV)의 주행경로 및 위치인식을 위한 라인스캔카메라를 이용한 패턴인식 알고리즘 구현

  • 김수현 (대구대학교 대학원 정보통신공학과) ;
  • 이형규 (대구대학교 정보통신공학부)
  • Received : 2017.12.18
  • Accepted : 2018.02.25
  • Published : 2018.02.28

Abstract

AGVS (Automated Guided Vehicle System) is a core technology of logistics automation which automatically moves specific objects or goods within a certain work space. Conventional AGVS generally requires the in-door localization system and each AGV equips expensive sensors such as laser, magnetic, inertial sensors for the route recognition and automatic navigation. thus the high installation cost is inevitable and there are many restrictions on route(path) modification or expansion. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a cost-effective and scalable AGV based on a light-weight pattern recognition technique. The proposed pattern recognition technology not only enables autonomous driving by recognizing the route(path), but also provides a technique for figuring out the loc ation of AGV itself by recognizing the simple patterns(bar-code like) installed on the route. This significantly reduces the cost of implementing AGVS as well as benefiting from route modification and expansion. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique, we first implement a pattern recognition algorithm on a light-weight MCU(Micro Control Unit), and then verify the results by implementing an MCU_controlled AGV prototype.

AGVS (Automated Guided Vehicle System)는 작업 공간 내 특정 물건 또는 상품들을 자동으로 이동 시켜주는 물류 자동화의 핵심 기술이다. 기존의 AGV는 독립적인 실내위치인식 기술과 함께 각 AGV별로 주행경로 인식을 위해 레이저, 마그네틱, 관성 센서 등을 이용하기 때문에 고비용이며 유지 및 확장이 어렵다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 단점을 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 라인스캐카메라 기반의 마이크로 컨트롤러에서도 구현 가능한 경량화 된 패턴인식 기술을 이용하여 AGV의 주행제어뿐 아니라 위치인식을 동시에 할 수 있는 기술을 제안한다. 제안된 패턴인식기술은 각 AGV가 라인으로 표시된 경로를 인식하여 자율주행을 가능하게 할 뿐 아니라 경로 상에 바코드 형태의 간단한 이미지 형태로 설치된 패턴인식을 통해 AGV자신의 위치를 파악하는 기술을 동시에 제공하기 때문에 AGVS 구현 비용을 획기적으로 줄일 수 있을 뿐 아니라 경로 재설정 및 확장에 유리하다. 제안된 기술의 효용성 검증을 위해 마이크로 컨트롤러에서 동작 가능한 패턴인식기술을 구현하였고, AGV 프로토타입을 이용한 실험으로 그 결과 및 효용성을 검증하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Jeon, H. G. Jeong, J. H. Kim, J. S. Yoon, Y. H. and Park, J. H., "Two-Dimensional Position Estimation Algorithm of Mobile Robot Using Single-Dimensional Distance Sensor," Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems, Vol. 23, No. 10, pp. 858-865, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5302/J.ICROS.2017.17.0117
  2. Joo, Y. H. and Kim, J. S., "Shortest Path Searching Algorithm for AGV Based on Working Environmental Model," Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 654-659, 2007.
  3. Choi, B. H. Kim, B. S. and Kim, E. T., "Location Estimation and Obstacle Tracking Using Laser Scanner for Indoor Mobile Robots," Journal of The Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 329-334, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5391/JKIIS.2011.21.3.329
  4. Heo, S. W. and Park, T. H., "Localization System for AGVs Using Laser Scanner and Marker Sensor," Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems, Vol. 23, No. 10, pp. 866-872, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5302/J.ICROS.2017.17.0059
  5. Tao, D. and Huo, J. J., "AGV laser positioning sensor systems research and development," Wuhan University of Technology, 2006.
  6. Kim, T. G. and Ko, N. Y., "Comparison and Analysis of Methods for Localization of a Mobile Robot," Journal of Advanced Information Technology and Convergence, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 79-89, 2013.
  7. Li, J., Wu, Z., Zhang, J., Chen, W., "Research of AGV Positioning Based on the Two-Dimensional Code Recognition Method," 2015 International Conference on Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences, 2015, pp. 1-6.
  8. Kim, B. K. and Jung, R. R., "Control of an Omni-Directional Mobile Robot Based on Camera Image," Journal of The Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 84-89, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5391/JKIIS.2014.24.1.084
  9. Zhou, C., and Liu, X., "The Study of Applying the AGV Navigation System Based on Two Dimensional Bar Code," 2016 International Conference on Industrial Informatics - Computing Technolohy, Intelligent Technology, Industrial Information Intergration(ICIICII), pp. 206-209, 2016.
  10. Shin, S. H. and Kim, W., "Line Camera Image Scan for Fast-Moving Objects, Ensuring Focus on the Purpose of Controlling the BLDC Motor Profile Optimal Value Derived Research," Proceedings of KIIT Summer Conference, pp. 45-48, 2013.