Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers (대한전기학회)
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A Stable Black-Start Strategy for a Stand-Alone DC Micro-Grid

  • Received : 2017.05.15
  • Accepted : 2017.09.09
  • Published : 2018.01.01
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Abstract

Unlike an AC system, a DC system does not cause problems with synchronization, stability, reactive power, system losses, and cost. However, more research is still required for the application of DC Systems. This paper proposes a stable black-start strategy for a stand-alone DC micro-grid, which consists of an energy storage system, photovoltaic generator, wind-turbine generator, diesel generator, and DC loads. The proposed method is very important for avoiding inrush current and transient overvoltage in the power system equipment during restoration after a blackout. PSCAD/EMTDC software was used to simulate, analyze, and verify the method, which was found to be stable and applicable for a stand-alone DC micro-grid.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Concept of stand-alone DC micro-grid

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Fig. 2. Voltage and active power controller for diesel

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Fig. 3. Current controller for a PV system

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Fig. 4. Current controller for WT generator

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Fig. 5. Controller for the ESS

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Fig. 6. Flowchart of the Black-Start Strategy

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Fig. 7. Simulation results for Case 1: (a) DC bus voltage (p.u.); (b) load side voltage (p.u.); (c) output power of dieselgenerator; (d) output power of wind turbine; (e) output power of photovoltaic; (f) power of DC loads

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Fig. 8. Simulation results of Case 2: (a) DC bus voltage (p.u.); (b) load side voltage (p.u.); (c) output power of dieselgenerator; (d) output power of wind turbine; (e) output power of photovoltaic; (f) power of DC loads

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Fig. 9. Simulation results of the Case 3: (a) DC bus voltage (p.u.); (b) load side voltage (p.u.); (c) output power of DGs; (d)power of DC Loads

Table 1. Specifications of stand-alone DC micro-grid for verification

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Table 2. Parameters of each line cable

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Table 3. Operation scenario of Case 1

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Table 4. Operation scenario of Case 2

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Table 5. Operation scenario of Case 3

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