Carbon letters

  • Volume 25
  • /
  • Pages.95-102
  • /
  • 2018
  • /
  • 1976-4251(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-4998(eISSN)
Korean Carbon Society (한국탄소학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of pressure during the synthesis of petroleum pitch precursors in open and closed systems

  • Choi, Jong-Eun (Center for C-Industry Incubation, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)) ;
  • Ko, Seunghyun (Center for C-Industry Incubation, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)) ;
  • Kim, Jong Gu (Center for C-Industry Incubation, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)) ;
  • Jeon, Young-Pyo (Center for C-Industry Incubation, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT))
  • Received : 2017.04.16
  • Accepted : 2017.07.11
  • Published : 2018.01.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

We examined the pressure effects on petroleum pitch synthesis by using open and closed reaction systems. The pressure effects that occur during the pitch synthesis were investigated in three pressure systems: a closed system of high pressure and two open systems under either an atmosphere or vacuum. A thermal reaction in the closed system led to the high product yield of a pitch by suppressing the release of light components in pyrolysis fuel oil. Atmospheric treatment mainly enhanced the polymerization degree of the pitch via condensation and a polymerization reaction. Vacuum treatment results in a softening point increase due to the removal of components with low molecular weights. To utilize such characteristic effects of system pressure during pitch preparations, we proposed a method for synthesizing cost-competitive pitch precursors for carbon materials. The first step is to increase product yield by using a closed system; the second step is to increase the degree of polymerization toward the desired molecular distribution, followed by the use of vacuum treatment to adjust softening points. Thus, we obtained an experimental quinoline insolubles-free pitch of product yield over 45% with softening points of approximately $130^{\circ}C$. The proposed method shows the possibility to prepare cost-competitive pitch precursors for carbon materials by enhancing product yield and other properties.

Keywords

References

  1. Li M, Liu D, Du H, Li Q, Hou X, Ye J. Preparation of mesophase pitch by aromatics-rich distillate of naphthenic vacuum gas oil. Appl Petrochem Res, 5, 339 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13203-015-0123-0.
  2. Liu D, Lou B, Li M, Qu F, Yu R, Yang Y, Wu C. Study on the preparation of mesophase pitch from modified naphthenic vacuum residue by direct thermal treatment. Energy Fuels, 30, 4609 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00392.
  3. Srivastava M, Kumar M, Agrawal UC, Garg MO. Comparison of structural properties of pitches prepared from petroleum refinery/ petrochemical residues using NMR spectroscopy. Open Pet Eng J, 5, 14 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2174/1874834101205010014
  4. Kim JG, Kim JH, Song BJ, Lee CW, Im JS. Synthesis and its characterization of pitch from pyrolyzed fuel oil (PFO). J Ind Eng Chem, 36, 293 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.02.014.
  5. Mayani SV, Mayani VJ, Park SK, Kim SW. Synthesis and characterization of metal incorporated composite carbon materials from pyrolysis fuel oil. Mater Lett, 82, 120 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.05.078.
  6. Martinez-Escandell M, Torregrosa P, Marsh H, Rodriguez-Reinoso F, Santamaria-Ramirez R, Gomez-De-Salazar C, Romero-Palazon E. Pyrolysis of petroleum residues: I. Yields and product analyses. Carbon, 37, 1567 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1016/s0008- 6223(99)00028-7.
  7. Park YD, Korai Y, Mochida I. Preparation of anisotropic mesophase pitch by carbonization under vacuum. J Mater Sci, 21, 424 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01145504.
  8. Park YD, Mochida I. A two-stage preparation of mesophase pitch from the vacuum residue of FCC decant oil. Carbon, 27, 925 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(89)90043-2.
  9. Mochida I, Toshima H, Korai Y, Matsumoto T. Blending mesophase pitch to improve its properties as a precursor for carbon fibre Part 1 Blending of PVC pitch into coal tar and petroleumderived mesophase pitches. J Mater Sci, 23, 670 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01174704.
  10. Mora E, Santamaria R, Blanco C, Granda M, Menendez R. Mesophase development in petroleum and coal-tar pitches and their blends. J Anal Appl Pyrolysis, 68-69, 409 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-2370(03)00034-2.
  11. Cheng Y, Fang C, Su J, Yu R, Li T. Carbonization behavior and mesophase conversion kinetics of coal tar pitch using a low temperature molten salt method. J Anal Appl Pyrolysis, 109, 90 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2014.07.009.
  12. Sawarkar AN, Pandit AB, Samant SD, Joshi JB. Petroleum residue upgrading via delayed coking: a review. Can J Chem Eng, 85, 1 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450850101.
  13. Trasobares S, Callejas MA, Benito AM, Martinez MT, Severin D, Brouwer L. Kinetics of conradson carbon residue conversion in the catalytic hydroprocessing of a maya residue. Ind Eng Chem Res, 37, 11 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie970479c.
  14. Gray MR. Consistency of asphaltene chemical structures with pyrolysis and coking behavior. Energy Fuels, 17, 1566 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1021/ef030015t.
  15. de Castro LD. Anisotropy and mesophase formation towards carbon fibre production from coal tar and petroleum pitches: a review. J Braz Chem Soc, 17, 1096 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-50532006000600006.
  16. Py X, Daguerre E. Pitch pyrolysis kinetics: isothermal heat treatment experiments and model. Fuel, 79, 591 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(99)00193-3.
  17. Reddy KM, Wei B, Song C. High-temperature simulated distillation GC analysis of petroleum resids and their products from catalytic upgrading over Co-Mo/$Al_2O_3$ catalyst, Catal Today, 43, 187 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-5861(98)00148-5.
  18. Banerjee DK, Laidler KJ, Nandi BN, Patmore DJ. Kinetic studies of coke formation in hydrocarbon fractions of heavy crudes. Fuel, 65, 480 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(86)90036-0.
  19. Levinter ME, Medvedeva MI, Panchenkov GM, Aseev YG, Nedoshivin YN, Finkel'shtein GB, Galiakbarov MF. Mechanism of coke formation in the cracking of component groups in petroleum residues. Chem Technol Fuels Oils, 2, 628 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00719152.
  20. Greinke RA. Chemical bond formed in thermally polymerized petroleum pitch. Carbon, 30, 407 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(92)90038-X.
  21. Yao Y, Chen J, Liu L, Dong Y, Liu A. Tailoring structures and properties of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers based on isotropic/ mesophase incompatible blends. J Mater Sci, 47, 5509 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6442-y.