Detection Characteristics of Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) in the Southern Coastal Sediment of South Korea and Annual Concentration in Sea Water

남해안 연안 해역 퇴적물에서 과불화화합물(PFCs)의 검출 특성 및 해수에서의 연도별 농도

The objective of this study is to investigate the detection characteristics of 10 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the coastal sediment and annual concentration of PFCs in sea water of Southern Coast, South Korea, which is part of an ongoing program of monitoring on the local distribution of PFCs. All samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometr y (LC/ESI-MS/MS). 6 PFCs were detected in the coastal sediment of Southern Coast, which are perfluorooctanonic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA). Total PFCs were detected at all sampling sites of the coastal sediment, and average concentration of total PFCs were in the range of 0.085 to 0.705 ng/g.dw (dry weight). PFCs with high detective frequency and high concentration in the coastal sediment of Southern Coast were PFOA and FFOS, and average concentration of PFOA and PFOS in 2015 year were in the range of 0.065 to 0.175 ng/g.dw and N.D. to 0.34 ng/g.dw, respectively. However, 4 PFCs were detected in the sea water of Southern Coast, which are PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS (perfluorohexane sulfonate), PFOS. PFCs with high detective frequency and high concentration in sea water of Southern Coast were also PFOA and FFOS, and annual average concentration of PFOA and PFOS during three years were in the range of 7.27 to 25.52 ng/L and N.D. to 33.51 ng/L, respectively. These results suggest that continuous monitoring by year of PFOA and PFOS is needed in the coastal sediment and sea water of Southern Coast, South Korea.

본 연구에서는 한국의 남해안 연안 해역 퇴적물에서 10개 과불화화합물(Perfluorinated Compounds, PFCs)의 검출 특성과 해수에서 연도별 PFCs의 농도를 조사하였다. 채취된 시료에 대한 기기분석법은 liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) 법을 사용하여 분석하였다. PFOA (erfluorooctanonic acid) PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate), PFNA (perfluorononanoic acid), PFDA (perfluorodecanoic acid), PFUnDA (perfluoroundecanoic acid), PFDoDA (perfluorododecanoic acid) 의 6 종류 PFCs 가 남해안 연안 해역 퇴적물에서 검출되었다. 총 PFCs 값은 모든 지점에서 검출되었으며, 검출 농도는 0.085-0.705 ng/g.dw (dry weight)의 범위로 나타났다. 2015년 남해안 해역 퇴적물에서 출현빈도 및 농도가 높은 PFCs 는 PFOA와 PFOS 이었으며, 평균 농도 범위는 각각 0.065-0.175 ng/g.dw (dry weight) 와 N.D.-0.34 ng/g.dw (dry weight) 였다. 그러나 남해안 해역 해수에서는 PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS (perfluorohexane sulfonate), PFOS의 4종류 PFCs 가 검출되었다. 3년 동안 남해안 해역 해수에서 출현 빈도 및 농도가 높은 PFCs는 PFOA와 PFOS 이었으며, 연도별 평균 농도 범위는 각각 7.27-25.52 ng/L와 N.D.-33.51 ng/L으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 한국 남해안 연안 해역 퇴적물 및 해수에서 PFOA와 PFOS의 화합물에 대한 지속적인 모니터링의 필요성을 시사한다.