Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Screening for Effective Organic Farming Materials for the Control of Cucumber Scab Caused by Cladosporium cucumerinum

오이 검은별무늬병 방제에 효과적인 유기농업자재 선발

  • Park, So-Hyang (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hong, Sung-Jun (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Shim, Chang-Ki (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Min-Jeong (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jong-Ho (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Han, Eun-Jung (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Ki (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
  • 박소향 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 유기농업과) ;
  • 홍성준 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 유기농업과) ;
  • 심창기 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 유기농업과) ;
  • 김민정 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 유기농업과) ;
  • 박종호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 유기농업과) ;
  • 한은정 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 유기농업과) ;
  • 김용기 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 유기농업과)
  • Received : 2017.02.06
  • Accepted : 2017.04.02
  • Published : 2017.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the control efficacy of the organic farming materials on cucumber scab caused by Cladosporium cucumerinum PT1 (KACC 48094). The antifungal activities in vitro as well as the suppressive effect of 43 organic farming materials on the spore germination and germ tube growth by inoculating spore suspension on cucumber seedlings in vivo were investigated. Thirteen organic farming materials inhibited the mycelial growth of C. cucumerinum and nine of these were microbial agents. In the screening using cucumber seedlings, six organic farming materials were very effective with control efficacy value of 90%. Among them, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M27 provided suppressive effect on both mycelial growth and spore germination against cucumber scab. Finally, nine organic farming materials were selected to test the protective and curative effects, and all chosen organic farming materials significantly suppressed disease incidence when applied in the preventive action, in comparison with the curative action. Especially, Bordeaux mixture I and III gave excellent protective control efficacy with control values of 96.7% and 73.3%, respectively, whereas its curative control effect was significant low. Among these, only Thymus quinquecostatus+Sophora extract showed curative activity, although the control value was as low as 50%. This study suggests that cucumber scab can be controlled by some organic farming materials in the farmhouses under comparatively cold and wet condition and protective treatment is more important and efficient.

본 연구는 Cladosporium cucumerinum PT1 (KACC 48094)에 의해 발생하는 오이 검은별무늬병에 대하여 유기농업자재의 방제효과를 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 43품목의 유기농업 자재를 대상으로 실내에서 항균활성 검정과 온실에서 오이 유묘에 포자현탁액 접종을 통한 유묘검정을 실시하였다. 13개 품목의 유기농업자재가 균사생장을 억제하였고, 이 중 9개 품목이 미생물 제제였다. 오이 유묘를 이용한 검정에서 6품목의 유기농업자재가 90% 이상의 우수한 방제효과를 나타냈다. 그 중에서 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M27이 유효성분인 미생물 제제의 억제효과가 가장 뛰어났다. 그 다음으로 9개의 유기농업자재를 선발하여 예방적 및 치료적 효과를 알아보기 위해 적용하였는데, 예방적으로 처리했을 때 9개 자재 모두 병 발생을 상당히 억제하였다. 특히, 보르도액 I과 III은 방제가가 각각 96.7%, 73.3%로 훌륭한 예방효과를 나타냈다. 이 중 백리향+고삼 추출물이 함유된 자재에서만 방제가 가 50%로 다소 낮았지만 치료적 처리의 효과가 나타났다. 이 연구를 통해 시설 내 온화하고 습한 조건에서 잘 발생하는 오이 검은별무늬병은 유기농업자재로 방제될 수 있고 예방적 처리가 더욱 중요하고 효과적임이 확인되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Arguelles-Arias, A., Ongena, M., Halimi, B., Lara, Y., Brans, A., Joris, B. and Fickers, P. 2009. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GA1 as a source of potent antibiotics and other secondary metabolites for biocontrol of plant pathogens. Microb. Cell Fact. 8: 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-8-63
  2. Beffa, T. 1993. Inhibitory action of elemental sulphur ($S^{\circ}$) on fungal spores. Can. J. Microbiol. 39: 731-735. https://doi.org/10.1139/m93-107
  3. Borriss, R., Chen, X. H., Rueckert, C., Blom, J., Becker, A., Baumgarth, B., Fan, B., Pukall, R., Schumann, P., Spröer, C., Junge, H., Vater, J., Puhler, A. and Klenk, H. P. 2011. Relationship of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens clades associated with strains DSM $7^T$ and $FZB42^T$: a proposal for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. amyloliquefaciens subsp. nov. and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum subsp. nov. based on complete genome sequence comparisons. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1786-1801. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.023267-0
  4. Caldwell, B., Sideman, E., Seaman, A., Shelton, A. and Smart, C. 2013. Resource Guide for Organic Insect and Disease Management. 2nd ed. New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY, USA. 202 pp.
  5. Choi, S. W., Lee, M. Y., Hong, I. P., Choi, Y. S., Kim, H. K., Kim, N. S., Lee, K. G., Kim, J. M. and Hwang, C. Y. 2013. Antimicrobial activity of herbal plants extracts on Ascosphaera apis. Korean J. Apic. 28: 211-216. (In Korean)
  6. Choi, W. S., Kim, K. Y., Jang, D. Y., Um, D. Y., Jung, B. J. and Kim, T. J. 2006. Phytopathogenic activities of essential oils and their main compounds. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 10: 201-209. (In Korean)
  7. Cochrane, S. A. and Vederas, J. C. 2016. Lipopeptides from Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp.: a gold mine of antibiotic candidates. Med. Res. Rev. 36: 4-31. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21321
  8. Ellis, M. B. and Holliday, P. 1972. Cladosporium cucumerinum. IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria, No. 35, pp. Sheet 348. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
  9. Emmert, E. A. and Handelsman, J. 1999. Biocontrol of plant disease: a (Gram-) positive perspective. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 171: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13405.x
  10. Everett, K. R. and Timudo-Torrevilla, O. E. 2007. In vitro fungicide testing for control of avocado fruit rots. N. Z. Plant Prot. 60: 99-103.
  11. Fernandes, J. C. and Henriques, F. S. 1991. Biochemical, physiological, and structural effects of excess copper in plants. Bot. Rev. 57: 246-273. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02858564
  12. Hong, S. J., Kim, Y. K., Shim, C. K., Kim, M. J., Park, J. H., Han, E. J., Jee, H. J. and Kim, S. C. 2015. Suppressive effect of organic farming materials on the development of tomato gray mold. Korean J. Organ. Agric. 23: 567-582. (In Korean)
  13. Hwang, K. C., Shin, S. H. and Chung, N. J. 2014. Controlling effect of some plant extracts on pathogenic fungi and pest of rice. Korean J. Organ. Agric. 22: 269-280. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2014.22.2.269
  14. Jeong, H. K., Lee, H. J. and Kim, C. G. 2016. 2016 Production Status and Market Prospect of Eco-Friendly Agricultural Products at Home and Abroad. KREI Agricultural Policy Focus, No. 131. Korea Rural Economic Institute (KREI), Naju, Korea.
  15. Katz, E. and Demain, A. L. 1977. The peptide antibiotics of Bacillus: chemistry, biogenesis, and possible functions. Bacteriol. Rev. 41: 449-474.
  16. [KCPA] Korea Crop Protection Association. 2016. Agrochemicals Use Guide Book. Samjung Printing, Seoul, Korea. 1559 pp. (In Korean)
  17. Kim, K. C. 1999. Diagnosis and Control of Cucurbit Crop Diseases. Chonnam National University Press, Gwangju, Korea. 702 pp.
  18. Kim, W. G., Weon, H. Y. and Lee, S. Y. 2008. In vitro antagonistic effects of bacilli isolates against four soilborne plant pathogenic fungi. Plant Pathol. J. 24: 52-57. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2008.24.1.052
  19. Kim, Y. K., Hong, S. J., Jee, H. J., Shim, C. K., Park, J. H., Han, E. J., An, N. H., Lee, S. D. and Yoo, J. H. 2011. Population dynamics of effective microorganisms in microbial pesticides and environmental-friendly organic farming materials according to storing period and temperature. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 15: 55-60. (In Korean)
  20. Kwak, Y. K., Kim, I. S., Cho, M. C., Lee, C. S. and Kim, S. 2012a. Growth inhibition effect of environment-friendly farm materials in Colletotrichum acutatum in vitro. J. Bio-Environ. Control 21: 127-133. (In Korean)
  21. Kwak, Y. K., Kim, I. S., Cho, M. C., Lee, C. S. and Kim, S. 2012b. Growth inhibition effect of environment-friendly agricultural materials in Botrytis cinerea in vitro. J. Bio-Environ. Control 21: 134-139. (In Korean)
  22. Lee, K. Y., Youn, K. H., Kang, H. J., Ahn, K. S., Min, K. B. and Cha, B. 1997. Cucumber scab caused by Cladosporium cucumerinum in Korea. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 13: 288-294. (In Korean)
  23. Lee, S. Y., Kim, B. Y., Ahn, J. H., Song, J., Seol, Y. J., Kim, W. G. and Weon, H. Y. 2012. Draft genome sequence of the biocontrol bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain M27. J. Bacteriol. 194: 6934-6935. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.01835-12
  24. Lee, S. Y., Weon, H. Y., Kim, J. J., Han, J. H. and Kim, W. G. 2013b. Control effect of the mixture of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M27 and plant extract against cucumber powdery mildew. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 17: 435-439. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2013.17.4.435
  25. Lee, S. Y., Won, H. Y., Kim, J. J., Han, J. H. and Kim, W. G. 2013a. Biological control of cucumber powdery mildew by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M27. Korean J. Mycol. 41: 268-273. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2013.41.4.268
  26. Martins, V., Hanana, M., Blumwald, E. and Geros, H. 2012. Copper transport and compartmentation in grape cells. Plant Cell Physiol. 53: 1866-1880. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcs125
  27. McCallan, S. E. A. and Wilcoxon, F. 1931. The fungicidal action of sulphur. II. The production of hydrogen sulphide by sulphured leaves and spores and its toxicity to spores. Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. 3: 13-38.
  28. Miller, L. P., McCallan, S. E. A. and Weed, R. M. 1953. Quantitative studies on the role of hydrogen sulfide formation in the toxic action of sulfur to fungus spores. Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. 17: 151-171.
  29. Nielsen, P. and Sorensen, J. 1997. Multi-target and mediumindependent fungal antagonism by hydrolytic enzymes in Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus pumilus strains from barley rhizosphere. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 22: 183-192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1997.tb00370.x
  30. Northover, J. and Timmer, L. W. 2002. Control of plant diseases with petroleum and plant-derived oils. In: Spray Oils Beyond 2000, eds. by G. A. C. Beattie, D. M. Watson, M. L. Stevens, D. J. Rae and R. N. Spooner-Hart, pp. 512-526. University of Western Sydney Press, Penrith South, Australia.
  31. Park, J. S., Cho, W. J. and Kim, W. S. 2014. Selection and control effect of environmental friendly organic materials for controlling the main disease of Yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb). Korean J. Organ. Agric. 22: 115-127. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2014.22.1.115
  32. Park, J. W., Kim, Y. K., Park, S. H., Hong, S. J., Shim, C. K., Kim, M. J., Park, J. H., Han, E. J., So, H. G. and Kim, S. C. 2016. Effect of organic materials and the removal of apical shoot on controlling cucumber downy mildew. Korean J. Organ. Agric. 24: 919-929. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2016.24.4.919
  33. Park, S. H., Hong, S. J., Shim, C. K., Kim, M. J., Park, J. H., Han, E. J., Park, J. W., Jee, H. J., Kim, S. C. and Kim, Y. K. 2015. Screening methods for resistant cucumber cultivars against cucumber scab caused by Cladosporium cucumerinum using cucumber fruits and seedlings. Res. Plant Dis. 22: 18-24. (In Korean)
  34. Park, S. J., Kim, G. H., Kim, A. H., Lee, H. T., Gwon, H. W., Kim, J. H., Lee, K. H. and Kim, H. T. 2012. Controlling effect of agricultural organic materials on Phytophthora blight and anthracnose in red pepper. Res. Plant Dis. 18: 1-9. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2012.18.1.001
  35. Park, S. M., Lee, J. S., Park, C. D., Lee, J. H., Jung, H. J. and Yu, T. S. 2006. Selection and antifungal activity of antagonistic bacterium Bacillus subtilis KMU-13 against cucumber scab, Cladosporium cucumerinum KACC 40576. Korean J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 21: 42-48. (In Korean)
  36. Pierson, C. F. and Walker, J. C. 1954. Relation of Cladosporium cucumerinum to susceptible and resistant cucumber tissue. Phytopathology 44: 459-465.
  37. Sung, J. E. and Jung, J. G. 2015. An analysis of the actual production conditions of organic farm. In: Advance Case Study and Development Strategy of Organic Agriculture, ed. by J. L. Cho, pp. 178-204. Korean Association of Organic Agriculture, Wanju, Korea.
  38. Tweedy, B. G. and Turner, N. 1966. The mechanism of sulfur reduction by conidia of Monilinia fructicola. Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. 23: 255-265.
  39. Wilcoxon, F. and McCallan, S. E. A. 1931. The fungicidal action of sulphur. III. Physical factors affecting the efficiency of dusts. Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. 3: 509-528.
  40. Zhang, S., Raza, W., Yang, X., Hu, J., Huang, Q., Xu, Y., Liu, X., Ran, W. and Shen, Q. 2008. Control of Fusarium wilt disease of cucumber plants with the application of a bioorganic fertilizer. Biol. Fertil. Soils 44: 1073. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-008-0296-0