참고문헌
- Attar RM, Takimoto CH, Gottardis MM (2009) Castrationresistant prostate cancer: locking up the molecular escape routes. Clin Cancer Res 15:3251-3255. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1171
- Castellano JM, Navarro VM, Roa J, Pineda R, Sanchez-Garrido MA, Garcia-Galiano D, Vigo E, Dieguez C, Aguilar E, Pinilla L, Tena-Sempere M (2009) Alterations in hypothalamic KiSS-1 system in experimental diabetes: early changes and functional consequences. Endocrinology 150:784-794. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2008-0849
- Costantino A, Gava G, Berra M, Meriggiola MC (2014) Advances in male hormonal contraception. Indian J Med Res 140 Suppl:S58-62.
- Dalkin AC, Burger LL, Aylor KW, Haisenleder DJ, Workman LJ, Cho S, Marshall JC (2001) Regulation of gonadotropin subunit gene transcription by gonadotropinreleasing hormone: measurement of primary transcript ribonucleic acids by quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction assays. Endocrinology 142:139-146. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.142.1.7881
-
Duran-Pasten ML, Fiordelisio-Coll T, Hernandez-Cruz A (2013) Castration-induced modifications of GnRHelicited
$[Ca^{2+}]_{i}$ signaling patterns in male mouse pituitary gonadotrophs in situ: Studies in the acute pituitary slice preparation. Biol Reprod 88:1-11. - Emanuele NV, Jurgens J, La Paglia N, Williams DW, Kelley MR (1996) The effect of castration on steady state levels of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) mRNA and proLHRH processing: Time course study utilizing semi-quantitative reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction. J Endocrinol 148:509-515. https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1480509
- Emir L, Dadali M, Sunay M, Erol D, Caydere M, Ustu H (2008) Chemical castration with intratesticular injection of 20% hypertonic saline: A minimally invasive method. Urol Oncol 26:392-396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2007.05.013
- Emir L, Sunay M, YalbuzdagO, Karakaya Y, Erol D (2011) Hormonal and pathologic changes after chemoablation of testes with hypertonic saline solution as a treatment method alternative to orchiectomy in patients with hormone sensitive metastatic prostatic cancer. Urol Oncol 29:212-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2008.12.021
- Fagundes AK, Oliveira EC, Tenorio BM, Melo CC, Nery LT, Santos FA, Alves LC, Douglas RH, Silva VA Jr (2014) Injection of a chemical castration agent, zinc gluconate, into the testes of cats results in the impairment of spermatogenesis: A potentially irreversible contraceptive approach for this species? Theriogenology 81:230-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.09.013
- Fordyce G, Hodge PB, Beaman NJ, Laing AR, Campero C, Shepherd RK (1989) An evaluation of calf castration by intra-testicular injection of a lactic acid solution. Aust Vet J 66:272-276. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1989.tb13950.x
- Gore AC, Attardi B, DeFranco DB (2006) Glucocorticoid repression of the reproductive axis: Effects on GnRH and gonadotropin subunit mRNA levels. Mol Cell Endocrinol 256:40-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2006.06.002
- Ibrahim A, Ali MM, Abou-Khalil NS, Ali MF (2016) Evaluation of chemical castration with calcium chloride versus surgical castration in donkeys: testosterone as an endpoint marker. BMC Vet Res 12:46 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0670-3
- Inada M, Matsumoto C, Miyaura C (2011) Animal models for bone and joint disease. Ovariectomized and orchidectomized animals. Clin Calcium 21:164-170.
- James P, Rivier C, Lee S (2008) Presence of corticotrophin-releasing factor and/or tyrosine hydroxylase in cells of a neural brain-testicular pathway that are labelled by a transganglionic tracer. J Neuroendocrinol 20:173-181.
- Jana K, Samanta PK (2006) Evaluation of single intratesticular injection of calcium chloride for nonsurgical sterilization in adult albino rats. Contraception 73:289-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2005.07.011
- Jana K, Samanta PK (2007) Sterilization of male stray dogs with a single intratesticular injection of calcium chloride: A dose-dependent study. Contraception 75:390-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2007.01.022
- Jana K, Samanta PK, Ghosh D (2002) Dose-dependent response to an intratesticular injection of calcium chloride for induction of chemosterilization in adult albino rats. Vet Res Commun 26:651-673. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020976905746
- Jung MJ, Moon YC, Cho IH, Yeh JY, Kim SE, Chang WS, Park SY, Song CS, Kim HY, Park KK, McOrist S, Choi IS, Lee JB (2005) Induction of castration by immunization of male dogs with recombinant gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-canine distemper virus (CDV) T helper cell epitope p35. J Vet Sci 6:21-24.
- Kalra PS (1985) Further studies on the effects of testosterone on hypothalamic LH-RH and serum LH levels: castration-induced delayed response. Neuroendocrinology 41:219-223. https://doi.org/10.1159/000124188
- Kalra SP, Kalra PS (1983) Neural regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion in the rat. Endocr Rev 4:311-351. https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-4-4-311
- Kwak BK, Lee S-H (2013) Intratesticular injection of hypertonic saline; non-invasive alternative method for animal castration model. Dev Reprod 17:435-440. https://doi.org/10.12717/DR.2013.17.4.435
- Leoci R, Aiudi G, Silvestre F, Lissner EA, Lacalandra GM (2014) Alcohol diluent provides the optimal formulation for calcium chloride non-surgical sterilization in dogs. Acta Vet Scand 14;56-62.
- Lightfoot JT (2008) Sex hormones' regulation of rodent physical activity: A review. Int J Biol Sci 4:126-132.
- Neto OA, Gasperin BG, Rovani MT, Ilha GF, Nobrega JE Jr, Mondadori RG, Goncalves PB, Antoniazzi AQ (2014) Intratesticular hypertonic sodium chloride solution treatment as a method of chemical castration in cattle. Theriogenology 82:1007-1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.07.020
- Rhodes L (2017) New approaches to non-surgical sterilization for dogs and cats: Opportunities and challenges. Reprod Domest Anim 52 Suppl 2:327-331.
- Rothfeld JM, Hejtmancik JF, Conn PM, Pfaff DW (1987) LHRH messenger RNA in neurons in the intact and castrate male rat forebrain, studied by in situ hybridization. Exp Brain Res 67:113-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00269459
- Selvage DJ, Parsons L, Rivier C (2006) Role played by brainstem neurons in regulating testosterone secretion via a direct neural pathway between the hypothalamus and the testes. Endocrinology 147:3070-3075. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-1358
- Selvage DJ, Rivier C (2003) Importance of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus as a component of a neural pathway between the brain and the testes that modulates testosterone secretion independently of the pituitary. Endocrinology 144:594-598. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2002-220781
- Smith JT, Dungan HM, Stoll EA, Gottsch ML, Braun RE, Eacker SM, Clifton DK, Steiner RA (2005) Differential regulation of KiSS-1 mRNA expression by sex steroids in the brain of the male mouse. Endocrinology 146:2976-2984. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-0323
- Spratt DP, Herbison AE (1997) Regulation of preoptic area gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) mRNA expression by gonadal steroids in the long-term gonadectomized male rat. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 47:125-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00037-5
- Valenti S, Sarkissian A, Giusti M, Giordano G, Dahl KD (1997) Immunoreactive and bioactive LH release from pituitaries of intact or castrated male rats: effect of in vitro GnRH and KCl administration. J Endocrinol Invest 20:381-386. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03347988
- Wiebe JP, Barr KJ (1984) The control of male fertility by 1,2,3-trihydroxypropan (THP; glycerol): rapid arrest of spermatogenesis without altering libido, accessory organs, gonadal steroidogenesis and serum testosterone. LH and FSH. Contraception 29:291-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-7824(84)80009-8
- Wiemann JN, Clifton DK, Steiner RA (1990) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone messenger ribonucleic acid levels are unaltered with changes in the gonadal hormone milieu of the adult male rat. Endocrinology 127:523-532.
- Wu S, Wolfe A (2012) Signaling of cytokines is important in regulation of GnRH neurons. Mol Neurobiol 45:119-125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-011-8224-y