Journal of Mushroom (한국버섯학회지)

The Korean Society of Mushroom Science (한국버섯학회)
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Varietal characteristics of new Cordyceps militaris 'Dowonhongcho 2ho' improved by mating type molecular markers

교배형 분자마커를 이용한 신품종 밀리타리스 동충하초 '도원홍초 2호'의 품종 특성

  • Lee, Byung-joo (Crop Research Division, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Mi-Ae (Crop Research Division, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Gyun (Crop Research Division, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Sun-Gye (Crop Research Division, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Choi, Young-sang (Yedang Mushroom Institute) ;
  • Lee, Byung-eui (Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Soonchunghyang University)
  • 이병주 (충청남도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 이미애 (충청남도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 김용균 (충청남도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 이순계 (충청남도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 최영상 (예당버섯) ;
  • 이병의 (순천향대학교 화학과)
  • Received : 2017.07.24
  • Accepted : 2017.09.15
  • Published : 2017.09.30
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Abstract

The mushroom species Cordyceps militaris has been studied and cultivated as a medicinal mushroom due to its multiple valuable biological and pharmaceutical activities. For breeding new strains of C. militaris, multiplex PCR assays were performed using primers specific for its mating type genes, MAT1-1 and MAT1-2. Mating types and mating status were confirmed, as evidenced by DNA bands at 233-bp and 191-bp for MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 respectively. The novel 'Dowonhongcho 2ho' was developed through mating; they were found to possess high-quality fruiting bodies when grown in artificial media. The stromata of the new strain were club-shaped, with a bright orange-red color, and measured 7.1 cm in length. They had an average cordycepin content of 0.33%. Compared to 'Dowonhongcho,' the new strain had a 7% higher yield, as well as firm fruiting bodies. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth was $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$, and the optimum temperature for stroma development was $18{\sim}22^{\circ}C$. The fruiting bodies developed after 49.1 days from inoculation. The use of mating type molecular markers improved the breeding efficiency of the new strain 'Dowonhongcho 2ho.' Thus, they may be valuable for artificial cultivation and industrial-scale production of C. militaris with excellent characteristics.

본 연구는 밀리타리스 동충하초의 교배형 유전자인 MAT1-1과 MAT1-2 두 종류에 특이적인 프라이머를 사용하여 multiplex PCR을 실시하였고, 그 결과 형성된 MAT1-1과 MAT1-2에 대한 233-bp와 191-bp에서 DNA 밴드를 통해 교배형 및 교배여부를 확인하였고 자실체 특성검정을 통해 품종특성이 우수한 새로운 동충하초 '도원홍초 2호'를 개발하였다. 신품종 '도원홍초 2호'의 자실체는 곤봉형이고 밝은 주황색을 띠었으며, 코디세핀 함량은 0.33%였고 자좌의 굵기와 길이는 각각 3.5 mm와 7.1 cm였다. '도원홍초'와 비교할 때, 새로운 '도원홍초 2호'의 수량은 7%가 증수되었고 경도가 높은 특징을 보였다. 균사생장의 적온은 $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$였고 버섯 발생의 적온은 $18{\sim}22^{\circ}C$였으며, 접종에서부터 자실체 발생까지의 기간은 49.7일이 소요되었다. 신품종 '도원홍초2호'는 교배형 분자마커를 육종과정에 이용하여 효율성을 높였으며, 우수한 재배적 특성으로 동충하초 인공재배 및 산업적 생산에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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