Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture (의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집)

Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture (한국의료복지건축학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Chronological Study on the Transformation and the Spatial Characteristics of Inpatient Care Facilities in the United States

미국의료시설 병동부의 시대적 변천과 공간적 특성에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2017.07.15
  • Accepted : 2017.08.13
  • Published : 2017.09.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to emphasize interrelation between healthcare policies, design standards and hospital architecture of the United States since 1950s; to examine spatial characteristics of inpatient care facilities through case studies; and to consider the social implication of these spatial changes. Methods: In this study, reviewing the overall healthcare system, design standards and inpatient care facilities of the United States since 1950s, a total of five inpatient care facilities, one for each period, were selected in order to analyze the spatial characteristics. The spatial maps of Space Syntax were employed for analyzing five case studies. Results: The distance between the nursing station, the support service, and inpatient room were getting closer. The spatial structure of inpatient care facilities is transformed from tree structures to annular tree structures. This result shows that the efficiency between patient, staff and support service is higher and the depth of the spaces is getting deeper, which indicates that efficiency for improving healthcare quality affect the spatial structure of inpatient care facilities. Implications: In the future, if Korea's health policy is changed to a demand-oriented health care policy, this conclusion predicts medical planning of hospital will be focused on the efficiency.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi, CH, 2012, "The Transformation and reform of American health policy since 1960s" History & culture studies 42: 213-248.
  2. Choi, YK. 2003, "Social and architectural space(read with 7 keywords)", Spacetime.
  3. Facility Guidelines Institute, 2014, "Guidelines for design and construction of health care facilities(2014th edition)", the American Hospital Association.
  4. Ginzberg, E, 1998, "Tomorrow's hospital: a look to the twenty-first century", Yale University Press.
  5. Hamilton, K., 1993, "Unit 2000: Patient beds for the future." Houston, Watkins Carter Hamilton Architects.
  6. Hiatt, H, "Medical lifeboat : will there be room for you in the health care system", 1994., Nanam.
  7. Jung, YH, 2008, "미국의 의료개혁과 시사점." 국제노동브리프 6.5, p 20-35.
  8. Kim, CY, 2003, "상업주의 의료의 천국- 미국 보건의료시스템의 구조와 병폐".
  9. King, Anthony D., ed, 2003, "Buildings and society: Essays on the social development of the built environment", Routledge.
  10. Kobus, R. L. & Kim, 2014, "Building type basics for healthcare facilities", Kimoondang
  11. Lee, KS, 2007, " Ideology and reality of Health policy", Health Policy and Management, 17.3
  12. Markus, T, 2006, "Buildings & power: Freedom and control in the origin of modern building types", Spacetime.
  13. Starr, P, "The Social Transformation of American Medicine", 1994., MungKyung.
  14. The American Institute of Architects, "Guidelines for design and construction of health care facilities(2001 edition)", American Institute of Architects Press.
  15. Thompson, J., and Goldin, G., 1975, "The hospital: A social and architectural history.", Yale University press.
  16. United States, Public Health Service, 1962, "Planning the Patient Care Unit in the General Hospital", US Public Health Service.
  17. United States, 1960, "General standards of construction and equipment: general hospitals", U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare.
  18. United States, 1962, "General standards of construction and equipment", Washington.
  19. United States, 1969, "General standards of construction and equipment for hospital and medical facilities[Rev.]", Silver Spring, Md.
  20. United States, 1974, "Minimum requirements of construction & equipment: for hospital & medical facilities", Rockville, Md.: The Division.
  21. United States, 1984, "Guidelines for construction and equipment of hospital and medical facilities", Washington: Government Printing Office.
  22. United States & AIA Academy of Architecture for Health, 1996, "Guidelines for design and construction of hospital and health care facilities (1996-97ed)", American Institute of Architects Press.
  23. United States & American Institute of Architects., 1993, "Guidelines for construction and equipment of hospitals and medical facilities(1992-93ed)", American Institute of Architects Press, Washington, D.C
  24. US Public Health Service, 1946, "Elements of the general hospital", Hospitals 20, HOSPITAL FACILITIES SECTION.
  25. Verderber, S., 2010, "Innovations in hospital architecture", Routledge.
  26. Verderber, S., & Fine, D. J, 2000, "Healthcare architecture in an era of radical transformation", Yale University Press.