Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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A Study on the Factors Effecting Performance and Correlation in Social Enterprises

사회적기업의 성과 영향요인과 상관관계에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Hee-Chul (Division of International Trade, Chungwoon University)
  • 김희철 (청운대학교 국제통상학과)
  • Received : 2017.06.19
  • Accepted : 2017.07.07
  • Published : 2017.07.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze factors which influence social and economic performance of social enterprises, and to examine the correlation of factors affecting social and economic performance. This study was conducted following the hypothesis that the organizational characteristics(organizational type, certification type, certification year, social service supply type, and external grants) of social enterprises affect social and economic performance, and that significant correlation exists between social and economic performance. This study collected the disclosure materials of 219 social enterprises certified between 2007- 2014 from the directory of the Korean Social Enterprise Promotion Agency. The study results are as follows: First, organizational characteristics affect social performance(i.e. jobs for the vulnerable classes). In addition, certification year and external grants had a positive effect on social performance. Second, the organizational characteristics affect the economic performance(i.e. sales), and certification year and external grants had a positive effect on economic performance. However, organizational type had a negative effect on the economic performance(i.e. sales). Third, analysis found a positive correlation of factors affecting social and economic performance. This study suggests the need to diversify support policies according to the number of authentication years in order to promote self-reliance and sustainability by maximizing the social and economic performance of social enterprises.

본 연구는 한국사회적기업진흥원의 2015년 219개 사회적기업 경영공시자료를 중심으로 다중선형 회귀분석기법을 활용하여, 사회적기업의 사회적 성과와 경제적 성과에 영향을 미치는 조직특성요인을 검증하고, 사회적 성과와 경제적 성과 간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회적기업의 조직특성 중 인증연수 및 외부지원 수혜액이 사회적기업의 사회적 성과인 취약계층 고용에 모두 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 조직형태와 인증유형, 사회서비스 업종(제공 유형) 등의 변수들은 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 사회적기업의 조직특성 중 인증연수와 외부지원 수혜액이 사회적기업의 경제적 성과인 매출액에 정(+)의 영향을 미치나, 조직형태의 경우는 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 인증유형과 사회서비스 업종(제공 유형) 등의 변수들은 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사회적기업의 사회적 성과인 취약계층 고용과 경제적 성과인 매출액 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 사회적기업의 매출액과 취약계층 고용이 서로 선순환의 관계에 있는 정(+)의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 분석결과는 인증연수별로 정부의 사회적기업 육성 및 지원정책을 다양화하여 사회적 성과와 경제적 성과를 극대화함으로써 사회적기업의 자립과 지속가능성을 도모할 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

Keywords

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