Science of Emotion and Sensibility (감성과학)

Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility (한국감성과학회)
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A Test of Attentional Blink: Hemifield Independence and Interaction

주의 깜박임 현상의 검증: 주의 자원의 반시야 독립성과 상호작용

  • Kim, Jung-Yul (Department of Industrial Psychology, Kwangwoon University) ;
  • Lee, Guk-Hee (Design Convergence Research Center, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Lee, Hyung-Chul O. (Department of Industrial Psychology, Kwangwoon University) ;
  • Kim, ShinWoo (Department of Industrial Psychology, Kwangwoon University)
  • 김정열 (광운대학교 산업심리학과) ;
  • 이국희 (이화여자대학교 융합디자인연구소) ;
  • 이형철 (광운대학교 산업심리학과) ;
  • 김신우 (광운대학교 산업심리학과)
  • Received : 2017.03.01
  • Accepted : 2017.03.16
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

Attentional blink is observed in an identification task of multiple targets during rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) where performance for the second target (T2) that follows within 500ms of the first (T1) shows systematic decrease although that for T1 remains highly accurate. Theories accounting for attentional blink can be classified into two broad categories of resource depletion model and disruption of input filter model. Meanwhile, visual attention capacity shows hemifield independence between left and right visual fields, and many studies reported bilateral advantage in a range of visual working memory tasks. The current research tested two major theories of attentional blink using bilateral independence of attentional capacity. To this end, we conducted two experiments where two RSVPs were presented in either bilateral or unilateral visual fields. Experiment 1 presented two RSVPs which contained both T1 and T2 in either bilateral or unilateral visual fields and tested interaction between attentional blink and bilateral advantage. Experiment 2 removed T1 in one of the two RSVPs to test whether attentional blink obtains when identification of T1 and T2 utilize independent sources of attention across two visual fields. The results showed that subjects were more accurate when two RSVPs were presented in bilateral visual fields (i.e., bilateral advantage) although there was no interaction between attentional blink and bilateral advantage (Experiment 1). In addition, attentional blink for T2 was observed in a T1-absent RSVP even when two RSVPs were presented in bilateral visual fields (Experiment 2). These results support disruption of input filter model rather than resource depletion model.

주의 깜박임이란 RSVP상에서 두 개 이상의 표적을 탐지할 때 먼저 제시 된 표적(T1)에 대해서는 정확성이 높지만 이후 500ms 이내의 표적(T2)에 대해서는 체계적으로 수행이 저하되는 현상을 말한다. 이를 설명하는 이론들은 주의용량결핍 모형과 주의여과지연 모형으로 분류할 수 있다. 한편, 시각적 주의 용량은 좌우 시각영역에서 독립적으로 작용하는 반시야 독립성으로 인해 다양한 과제에서 양측영역이득이 나타난다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 주의 용량의 반시야 독립성을 이용하여 주의 깜박임을 설명하는 두 갈래의 이론을 검증하였다. 실험 1은 T1과 T2를 포함하는 두 개의 RSVP를 양쪽 시야 영역에 나누어 제시하거나 한쪽 시야 영역에 제시하여 주의 깜박임과 양측영역이득간의 상호작용을 검증하였다. 실험 2는 하나의 RSVP에서 T1을 제거함으로써 양쪽 시야 영역에 T1과 T2가 독립된 주의용량을 사용할 때에도 주의 깜박임이 나타나는지 확인하였다. 그 결과 두 개의 RSVP를 양쪽 시야 영역에 나누어 제시하였을 때 더 우수한 수행을 보여주었으나 (즉, 양측영역이득) 주의 깜박임과 양측영역이득의 상호작용은 나타나지 않았다. 또한, T1이 제시되지 않은 RSVP의 T2에서도 주의 깜박임 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이 결과들은 주의 깜박임에 대한 주의여과지연 모형을 지지한다.

Keywords

References

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