Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Viscometric Studies of Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Formamide with Alkanol at 298.15 and 308.15 K

  • Gahlyan, Suman (Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Verma, Sweety (Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Rani, Manju (Department of Chemical Engineering, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Maken, Sanjeev (Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2017.02.20
  • Accepted : 2017.03.31
  • Published : 2017.08.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Viscosity data were measured at 298.15 K and 308.15 K for formamide + 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol or 2-methyl-2-propanol mixtures. For an equimolar mixture, deviation in viscosity follows the sequence: 2-methyl-2-propanol >2-methyl-1-propanol>1-butanol>2-propanol>1-propanol. The viscosity data were further analyzed in terms of graph theory. Free energy of activation was also calculated from experimental viscosity data along with previously reported excess volume data. The deviation in viscosity and free energy of activation were fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. The viscosity data were also correlated by correlations like Grunberg-Nissan, Tamura-Kurata, HindMcLaughlin-Ubbelohde, and Katti-Chaudhari relation. Various adjustable parameters, $G_{12}$, $T_{12}$, $H_{12}$, and $W_{vis}/RT$, of various correlations were used to predict viscosity deviation of binary mixtures. Positive value of $G_{12}$ indicates strong interaction in the studied systems. Grunberg-Nissan relation has lowest deviation among the four correlations for formamide + 1-propanol or 2-propanol mixtures; and for mixtures of formamide with 1-butanol or 2-methyl-1-propanol, TamuraKurata has lowest deviation. Grunberg-Nissan gives lowest deviation for formamide + 2-methyl-2-propanol mixtures.

Keywords

References

  1. Iloukhani, H. and Mohammadlou, Z. B., "Densities, Viscosities, and Refractive Indices for Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Formamide (1) + N,N-dimethylacetamide (2) + 2-methyl-1-butanol (3) at 298.15 K for the Liquid Region and at Ambient Pressure," Arabian Journal of Chemistry, In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.12.004.
  2. Almasi, M., "Densities and Viscosities of the Mixtures (formamide + 2-alkanol): Experimental and Theoretical Approaches," The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 69, 101-106(2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2013.09.043
  3. Almasi, M., "'Densities and Viscosities of the Mixtures (formamide+2-alkanol): Experimental and Theoretical Approaches," The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 69, 106(2014).
  4. Mohammad, A. A., Alkhaldi, K. H. A. E., Altuwaim, M. S. and Al-Jimaz, A. S., "'Viscosity and Surface Tension of Binary Systems of N,N-dimethylformamide with Alkan-1-ols at Different temperatures," The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 56, 113(2013).
  5. Kondaiah, M., Sreekanth, K., Sravana Kumar D. and Krishna Rao D., "'Volumetric and Viscometric Properties of Propanoic acid in Equimolar Mixtures of N,N-dimethyl formamide + alkanols at T/K = 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15," J. Solution Chem, 42, 494-515(2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-012-9898-0
  6. Habibullah, M., Rahman, I. M. M., Uddin, M. A., Anowar, M., Alam, M. and Iwakabe, K., et al., "Densities, Viscosities, and Speeds of Sound of Binary Mixtures of Heptan-1-ol with 1,4-Dioxane at Temperatures from (298.15 to 323.15) K and Atmospheric Pressure," Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 58, 2887-2897(2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/je400512u
  7. Rajagopal, K., Chenthilnath, S. and Nain, A. K., "Volumetric and Viscometric Studies in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-methyl-2-propanol with Some ketones at Different Temperatures," J. Solution Chem, 41, 1401-1411(2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-012-9870-z
  8. Awasthi, A. and Awasthi, A., "Intermolecular Interactions in Formamide + 2-alkoxyethanols: Viscometric Study," Thermochimica Acta, 537, 57-64(2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2012.03.001
  9. Marcus, Y., "Introduction to Liquid State Chemistry," New York, Wiley Interscience(1977).
  10. Nain, A. K., "'Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Formamide with 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol at Different Temperatures, An Ultrasonic and Viscometric Study," Fluid Phase Equilibria, 265, 46-56(2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2007.12.007
  11. Garcia, B., Alcalde, R., Leal, J. M. and Matos, J. S., "'Formamide-(C1-C5) Alkan-1-ols Solvent Systems," J. of the Chemical Society Faraday Transactions, 92, 3347-3352(1996). https://doi.org/10.1039/FT9969203347
  12. Gomez Marigliano, A. C. and Solimo, H., "'Density, Viscosity, Excess Molar Volume, Viscosity Deviation, and Their Correlations for Formamide + Three Alkan-1-ols Binary Systems," J. of Chemical & Engineering Data, 47, 796-800(2002). https://doi.org/10.1021/je010239a
  13. Rani, M. and Maken, S., "Erratum to: Topological Studies of Molecular Interactions of Formamide with Propanol and Butanol at 298.15 K," J. of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 19, 1760(2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2013.01.014
  14. Rani, M. and Maken, S., "Topological Studies of Molecular Interactions of Formamide with Propanol and Butanol at 298.15 K," J. of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 18, 1694-1704(2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2012.03.011
  15. Rani, M., Agarwal, S., Lahot, P. and Maken, S., "Excess Molar Enthalpies of Binary Mixtures of Formamide with Butanol at 298.15 K Application of Prigogine-Flory-Patterson Theory and Treszczanowicz-Benson Association Model," J. of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 19, 1715-1720(2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2013.02.011
  16. Rani, M. and Maken, S., "Thermodynamics of Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures Containing Associated Liquids," Korean J Chem Eng., 30, 1636-1643(2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-013-0076-x
  17. Rani, M. and Maken, S., "Excess Molar Enthalpies and Excess Molar Volumes of Formamide+1-propanol or 2-propanol and Thermodynamic Modeling by Prigogine-Flory-Patterson Theory and Treszczanowicz-Benson Association Model," Thermochimica Acta, 559, 98-106(2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.02.010
  18. Rani, M., Gahlyan, S., Om, H., Verma, N. and Maken, S., "Ultrasonic Studies of Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Formamide with Some Isomers of Butanol at 298.15 K and 308.15 K," J. of Molecular Liquids, 194, 100-109(2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2014.01.016
  19. Rani, M., Gahlyan, S., Gaur, A. and Maken, S., "Ultrasonic Study on Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Formamide with 1-propanol or 2-propanol," Chinese J. of Chemical Engineering, 23, 689-698(2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2014.12.003
  20. Riddick, J. A., Bunger, W. B. and Sakano, T. K., "Organic Solvents," Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, fourth ed. New York, Wiley(1986).
  21. Cases, A. M., Gomez Marigliano, A. C., Bonatti, C. M. and Solimo, H. N., "Density, Viscosity, and Refractive Index of Formamide, Three Carboxylic Acids, and Formamide + carboxylic Acid Binary Mixtures," J. of Chemical & Engineering Data, 46, 712-715(2001). https://doi.org/10.1021/je000327f
  22. Nain, A. K., "Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Formamide with 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-Butanediol at Different Temperatures: An Ultrasonic and Viscometric Study," Fluid Phase Equilibria, 265, 46-56(2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2007.12.007
  23. Gomez Marigliano, A. C. and Solimo, H. N., "Density, Viscosity, Excess Molar Volume, Viscosity Deviation, and Their Correlations for Formamide + Three Alkan-1-ols Binary Systems," J. Chem Eng Data, 47, 796-800(2002). https://doi.org/10.1021/je010239a
  24. Roy, M. N., Sarkar, B. K. and Chanda, R., "Viscosity, Density, and Speed of Sound for the Binary Mixtures of Formamide with 2-methoxyethanol, Acetophenone, Acetonitrile, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, and Dimethylsulfoxide at Different Temperatures," J. of Chemical & Engineering Data, 52, 1630-1637(2007). https://doi.org/10.1021/je700026d
  25. Shukla, R. K., Kumar, A., Awasthi, N., Srivastava, U. and Gangwar, V. S., "'Density, Viscosity and Refractive Index of Binary Liquid Mixtures at 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K," Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 37, 1-11(2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2011.08.005
  26. Zarei, H. A., Asadi, S. and Iloukhani, H., "Temperature Dependence of the Volumetric Properties of Binary Mixtures of (1-propanol, 2-propanol and 1,2-propanediol) at Ambient Pressure (81.5 kPa)," J. of Molecular Liquids, 141, 25-30(2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2008.02.006
  27. Jimenez, E., Cabanas, M., Segade, L., Garcia-Garabal, S. and Casas, H., "Excess Volume, Changes of Refractive Index and Surface Tension of Binary 1,2-ethanediol + 1-propanol or 1-butanol Mixtures at Several Temperatures," Fluid Phase Equilibria, 180, 151-164(2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3812(00)00519-7
  28. Nain, A. K., "Ultrasonic and Viscometric Studies of Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Formamide with Ethanol, 1-propanol, 1,2-ethanediol and 1,2-propanediol at Different Temperatures," J. of Molecular Liquids, 140, 108-116(2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2008.01.016
  29. Aralaguppi, M. I. and Baragi, J. G., "Physico-chemical and Excess Properties of the Binary Mixtures of Methylcyclohexane + ethanol, + propan-1-ol, + propan-2-ol, + butan-1-ol, + 2-methyl-1-propanol, or 3-methyl-1-butanol at T=(298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K," J. Chem. Thermodyn, 38, 434-42(2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2005.06.011
  30. Bhardwaj, U., Maken, S. and Singh, K. C., "Excess Volumes of 1-Butanol, 2-Butanol, 2-Methylpropan-1-ol, and 2-Methylpropan-2-ol with Xylenes at 308.15 K," J. Chem. Eng. Data., 41, 1043-1045(1996). https://doi.org/10.1021/je960070e
  31. Riddick, J. A., Bunger, W. B. and Sakano, T. K., "Organic Solvents Physical Properties and Methods of Purification," Wiley, New York, 1(1986).
  32. Anson, A., Garriga, R., Martinez, S., Perez, P. and Gracia, M., "Densities and Viscosities of Binary Mixtures of 1-Chlorobutane with Butanol Isomers at Several Temperatures," J. Chem. Eng. Data, 50, 677-682(2005). https://doi.org/10.1021/je0496140
  33. Vittal Prasad, T. E., Sravani, Y., Sri Ranjita, V. and Prasad, D. H. L., "Excess Gibbss' Energies of Selected Binary Mixtures Formed by N,N-dimethyl Formamide at 95.5 kPa," Fluid Phase Equilibria, 249, 49-54(2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2006.08.018
  34. Dubey, G. P., Sharma, M. and Oswal, S., "Volumetric, Transport, and Acoustic Properties of Binary Mixtures of 2-methyl-1-propanol with Hexadecane and Squalane at T=(298.15, 303.15, and 308.15)K, Experimental Results, Correlation, and Prediction by the ERAS Model," The J. of Chemical Thermodynamics, 41, 849-858(2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2009.02.002
  35. Rajagopal, K. and Chenthilnath, S., "Excess Thermodynamic Studies in Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-methyl-2-propanol with Ketones at 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K," J. Mol. Liq., 155, 20-28(2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2010.04.023
  36. Kijevcanin, M. L., Radovic, I. R., Djordjevic, B. D., Tasic, A. Z. and Serbanovic, S. P., "Experimental Determination and Modeling of Densities and Refractive Indices of the Binary Systems Alcohol + dicyclohexylamine at T=(288.15-323.15) K," Thermochimica Acta, 525, 114-128(2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.08.002
  37. Redlich, O. and Kister, A. T., "Algebraic Representation of Thermodynamic Properties and the Classification of Solutions," Industrial & Engineering Chemistry 40, 345-348(1948). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50458a036
  38. Nain, A. K., "Ultrasonic and Viscometric Study of Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Aniline with 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and 2-methyl-2-propanol at Different Temperatures," Fluid Phase Equilibria 259, 218-227(2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2007.07.016
  39. Maken, S., Deshwal, B. R., Chadha, R., Anu, Singh, K. C. and Kim, H., "Topological and Thermodynamic Investigations of Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures; Molar Excess Volumes and Molar Excess Enthalpies," Fluid Phase Equilibria 235, 42-49(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2005.06.011
  40. Huggins, M. L., "The Thermodynamic Properties of Liquids, Including Solutions. I. Intermolecular Energies in Monotonic Liquids and Their Mixtures," J. Phys. Chem., 74, 371-378(1970). https://doi.org/10.1021/j100697a024
  41. Huggins, M. L., "The Thermodynamic Properties of Liquids, Including Solutions: Part 2. Polymer Solutions Considered as Ditonic Systems," Polymer 12, 389-99(1971). https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(71)90019-X
  42. Singh, P P. and Maken, S., "Topological Aspects of Molecular Interactions in Liquid Mixtures of Electrolytes," Pure Appl Chem., 66, 449-454(1994). https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466030449
  43. Harary, F., Graph theory Reading, M A Addison Wesley (1969).
  44. Kier, L. B., Physical chemical properties of drugs. In: S. H. Yalkowaski AAS, S.C. Valvani (Eds.) editor. New York, Bessel, Marcel Dekker Inc., p. 295-297(1980).
  45. Balaban, A. T., Chemical Applications of Graph Theory. London: Academic Press(1976).
  46. Rouvray, D. H., "Graph Theory in Chemistry," Royal Institute of Chemistry, Reviews, 4, 173-195(1971). https://doi.org/10.1039/rr9710400173
  47. Kier, L. B. and Hall, L. H., Molecular Connectivity in Chemistry and Drug Research, New York: Academic Press(1976).
  48. Grunberg, L. and Nissan, A. H., "Mixture Law for Viscosity," Nature, 164, 799-800(1949).
  49. Tamura, M. and Kurata, M., "On the Viscosity of Binary Mixture of Liquids," Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 25, 32-38(1952). https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.25.32
  50. Hind, R. K. and McLaughlin, E., "Ubbelohde AR. Structure and Viscosity of Liquids. Camphor + Pyrene Mixtures," Transactions of the Faraday Society, 56, 328-30(1960). https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9605600328
  51. Katti, P. K. and Chaudhri, M. M., "Viscosities of Binary Mixtures of Benzyl Acetate with Dioxane, Aniline, and m-cresol," J. of Chemical & Engineering Data, 9, 442-443(1964). https://doi.org/10.1021/je60022a047
  52. Katti, P. K., Chaudhri, M. M. and Prakash, O., "Viscosities of Binary Mixtures Involving Benzene, Carbon Tetrachloride, and Cyclohexane," J. of Chemical & Engineering Data 11, 593-594(1966). https://doi.org/10.1021/je60031a044
  53. Fort, R. J. and Moore, W. R., "Viscosities of Binary Liquid Mixtures," Transactions of the Faraday Society, 62, 1112-1119(1966). https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9666201112
  54. Ramamoorthy, K., "Excess Free-energy of Mixing (${\Delta}F_m$) and Strength of Interaction in Binary Liquid Mixtures from Viscosity Studies," Indian J. of Pure and Applied Physsics, 11, 554-555(1973).

Cited by

  1. Ultrasonic Speed and Isentropic Compressibility of 2-propanol with Hydrocarbons at 298.15 and 308.15 K vol.55, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2017.55.5.668
  2. Viscometric and FTIR studies of molecular interactions in 2-propanol+hydrocarbons mixtures at 298.15 and 308.15 K vol.35, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-018-0020-1
  3. Application of Flory-Treszczanowicz-Benson model and Prigogine-Flory-Patterson theory to Excess Molar Volumes of Isomers of Propanol with Cyclohexane or n-Hexane vol.56, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2018.56.4.536
  4. Optical and Acoustic Properties of Binary Mixtures of Butanol Isomers as Oxygenates with Cyclohexane, Benzene and Toluene at 308.15 K vol.56, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2018.56.5.663
  5. Transport Properties and Modeling of Viscosity for Binary Mixtures of Butanol Isomers $$+$$ + Hydrocarbons vol.43, pp.11, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3276-1
  6. Measurement and modeling of transport properties of binary liquid mixtures containing oxygenates and n-alkanes vol.36, pp.11, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-019-0380-1