Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Review of Soil Vulnerability Assessment Tools in Korea and other developed countries

국내외 토양 취약성 평가 연구 동향

  • Received : 2017.09.04
  • Accepted : 2017.12.26
  • Published : 2017.12.31
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Abstract

This study aims to provide the technical considerations and implications for the development of soil vulnerability assesment tool based on the review of existing tools and case studies applied both domestically and internationally. For this study, we specifically investigated the basic theories and major features implemented in the screening models abroad. In contrast, one case study of prioritizing the vulnerable districts was presented to identify the research trends in Korea. Our literature review suggested that the characteristic of target areas and contaminants needed to be properly incorporated into soil vulnerability assessment because the current tools in Korea neglected these properties which prevented this tool from being used as a correct measure of soil management and prevention. We also reached the conclusion that in terms of technical aspect, the soil vulnerability assessment tool should be developed based on the physical theory and environmental data that were varied over space and time so that the end-users were able to readily and effectively screen soil vulnerability over large areas. In parallel with technical improvement, great effort needed to be devoted to develop an integrated environmental information system that increased the availability of data and shared various types of environmental data through enhanced multi-agency collaboration.

산업 구조의 고도화와 토지이용의 다변화에 따라 토양 오염의 형태가 다양화되고 있으며 효과적인 사전 대응계획을 수립하기 위해서 토양 오염 취약성을 고려되어야한다. 국외의 경우 다양한 평가 도구가 존재하며 평가 결과를 정책적 의사 결정 과정에 적극적으로 활용되고 있지만, 국내의 경우 취약성 평가 도구가 지하수 분야에 집중되어 있으며 토양 취약성 개념 정립 및 도구와 관련된 연구가 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내외 토양 취약성 평가 도구를 조사하고 관련 연구 사례를 검토하여 토양 취약성 평가의 국내 도입시 고려해야 할 사항과 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위해 취약성 평가에 대한 개념을 정리하고, 국외에서 활용되고 있는 WIN-PST, SCI-GROW, USGS의 통계모델, CLERS, EuroPEARL 모델, 메타 모델 등 취약성 평가 도구에 대한 개요 및 특징을 조사하였으며 우선관리지역 평가 사례를 통해 국내의 연구 동향을 파악하였다. 국내외 사례를 분석한 결과, 오염의 사전관리 및 예방을 위한 도구로서 취약성 평가 방법론을 도입하고자 한다면 지역 및 오염원 특성을 고려한 특정 취약성 평가의 개념을 도입하는 것이 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기술적 측면에서 국내의 토양 오염현상을 현상학적으로 평가 가능하고 시공간적으로 변화하는 환경정보를 반영하여 사용자가 광범위한 지역을 쉽고 정확하게 평가할 수 있는 도구 개발이 필요할 것으로 판단되며, 정책적 측면에서 유관기관과의 협조를 통해 다양한 환경 정보의 공유를 활성화할 수 있는 인프라 체계를 구축하는 노력이 지속적으로 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국환경산업기술원

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