The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (응용통계연구)

The Korean Statistical Society (한국통계학회)
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Health life expectancy in Korea based on sample cohort database of National Health Insurance Services

국민건강보험 표본코호트DB를 이용한 한국인의 건강기대수명 연구

  • Kwon, Tae Yeon (Department of International Finance, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) ;
  • Lim, Ja Young (Department of Statistics, Korea University) ;
  • Park, Yousung (Department of Statistics, Korea University)
  • 권태연 (한국외국어대학교 국제금융학과) ;
  • 임자영 (고려대학교 통계학과) ;
  • 박유성 (고려대학교 통계학과)
  • Received : 2017.04.12
  • Accepted : 2017.05.11
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

This paper estimates the health life expectancies for Korean people based on a sample cohort database collected through objective measurements by the National Health Insurance Service. Health life expectancy is estimated using the single-state approach of Sullivan (1971). The 9-order correction factor method of Greville (1945) and Brass-logit model of Brass (1971) are also adopted for unobserved or incompletely observed age-specific morbidity and mortality. Based on the mortality and morbidity estimated from sample cohort DB, men and women in Korea are expected to live a 'healthy life' for 61 and 60 years in 2013, respectively, whereas life expectancies of men and women are 80 and 87, respectively. We also estimate certain disease-free life expectancies for each of genders, income levels, and types of insurance from 2003 to 2013 in Korea. We found that there exists an inequality of healthy life expectancy in Korea for different genders, income levels, and types of insurance.

국민 건강의 향상 및 복지의 선진화를 위해 객관적이고 정확한 건강기대수명의 필요성이 대두되었다. 또한 건강기대수명은 삶의 질을 평가하는 주요한 지표이기 때문에 기대수명 및 건강기대수명에 근거한 사회계층간의 삶의 질의 불평등에 대한 논의는 이미 여러 해외연구에서 계속되어 왔다. 이에 본 논문에서는 우리나라 유병률과 사망률에서 모집단에 대한 대표성을 갖고 있는 표본코호트DB를 통해 건강기대수명을 도출하였다. 본 논문에서는 건강기대수명의 산출을 위해 Sullivan (1971)의 단일상태 접근법을 이용하였다. 이때, 사망률과 유병률이 관측되지 않은 연령대의 경우에는 Greville (1945)의 9-order correction factor 방법과 Brass (1971)의 Brass-logit 모형을 통하여 보정하여 주었다. 그 결과 2013년 기준 한국여성의 기대수명은 87세, 남성은 80세 였으나 여성의 경우는 60년, 남성은 61년 동안만 질병이 없는 '건강한 삶'을 영위하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 또한 2003년부터 2013년까지 한국인의 특정 질병으로부터의 건강한 삶의 영위기간을 성별, 소득수준별, 건강보험가입 구분별로 산출하였다. 그 결과 건강기대수명 측면에서 한국의 성별, 소득수준별, 건강보험 가입 구분별 삶의 질의 불평등을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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