Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
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Characteristic Analysis of Chemical Compositions for Ancient Glasses Excavated from the Sarira Hole of Mireuksaji Stone Pagoda, Iksan

익산 미륵사지 석탑 사리공 내 출토 고대 유리 유물의 성분특성 분석

  • Han, Min Su (Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
  • 한민수 (국립문화재연구소 보존과학연구실)
  • Received : 2017.05.26
  • Accepted : 2017.06.10
  • Published : 2017.06.20
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to reveal the characteristics, correlations, and colorant materials of those using the chemical compositions of 30 glasses excavated from the Sarari hall of the Mireuksaji stone pagoda, and to determine the correlations between them and other glass excavated from the Wanggungri site. The results of the chemical analysis of the 11 glass beads show that they are a soda glass group with high contents of $SiO_2$ and $Na_2O$; these can be further subdivided into soda-alumina groups ($Na_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO-Si_2O$). The characteristics of the stabilizer are classified as being of the high alumina glass group (LCHA), except for two glasses. It was concluded that colorant materials affected the coloring for glass beads by various components including Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu and Pb. In addition, we examined six lead glasses which are glass plate and unknown fragments that are of a common lead glass system ($PbO-SiO_2$) with respect to the average contents of PbO (70wt.%) and $SiO_2$ (30wt.%). As a result of comparing these relics with those of the glass beads excavated by Wanggungri, there is a similarity in that they belong to the soda glass group. However, the contents of $Na_2O$ are relatively higher than that of the glass beads in the Mireuksaji pagoda, and most of relics include glasses with a low content of $K_2O$ and CaO. In addition, the PbO and $SiO_2$ contents are slightly different in the lead glass. It seems that the glass relics made at two different sites may have used different raw materials or techniques.

익산 미륵사지 석탑의 사리공 내에서 출토된 유리 유물 30점을 분석하여 이들의 성분특성과 상관성, 발색원소 등을 알아보고자 하였으며, 이를 왕궁리 출토 유리의 연구결과와 비교하여 상관관계를 검토하였다. 성분분석 결과, 유리구슬 24점은 $SiO_2$와 $Na_2O$ 성분을 다량 함유한 소다유리군에 속하며, 세부적으로 소다-알루미나유리계 ($Na_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO-Si_2O$)였다. 안정제로서 $Al_2O_3$, CaO, MgO가 첨가된 것으로 보이며, 이를 통해 LCHA(Low CaO, High $Al_2O_3$)형으로 분류할 수 있다. 착색물질은 Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Pb 등 성분이 발색에 영향을 준 것으로 판단된다. 나머지 6점은 모두 녹색계열의 유리판 또는 미상의 파편으로 PbO의 함량이 약 70wt.%, $SiO_2$의 함량이 약 30wt.%인 전형적인 $PbO-SiO_2$계의 납유리였다. 이들 유물을 동일 유적권인 왕궁리 출토 유리구슬의 성분과 비교한 결과, 일부 소다유리인 점은 유사하나 $Na_2O$의 함량이 상대적으로 미륵사지 유리 구슬이 매우 높고, 대부분 $K_2O$와 CaO의 함량이 낮다는 점이 다르다. 납유리의 경우도 PbO와 $SiO_2$ 함량이 약간 차이가 있다. 이는 두 유적지에서 제작된 유리 유물이 서로 다른 재료 또는 기술을 이용하였을 가능성도 있는 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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