Advances in concrete construction

  • 제5권2호
  • /
  • Pages.117-143
  • /
  • 2017
  • /
  • 2287-5301(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-531X(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Influence of corrosive phenomena on bearing capacity of RC and PC beams

  • Malerba, Pier Giorgio (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering) ;
  • Sgambi, Luca (Faculty of Architecture, Architectural Engineering and Urbanism (LOCI), Universite catholique de Louvain) ;
  • Ielmini, Diego (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering) ;
  • Gotti, Giordano (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering)
  • 투고 : 2017.02.25
  • 심사 : 2017.04.13
  • 발행 : 2017.04.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The attack of environmental aggressive agents progressively reduces the structural reliability of buildings and infrastructures and, in the worst exposition conditions, may even lead to their collapse in the long period. A change in the material and sectional characteristics of a structural element, due to the environmental damaging effects, changes its mechanical behaviour and varies both the internal stress redistribution and the kinematics through which it reaches its ultimate state. To identify such a behaviour, the evolution of both the damaging process and its mechanical consequences have to be taken into account. This paper presents a computational approach for the analysis of reinforced and prestressed concrete elements under sustained loading conditions and subjected to given damaging scenarios. The effects of the diffusion of aggressive agents, of the onset and development of the corrosion state in the reinforcement and the corresponding mechanical response are studied. As known, the corrosion on the reinforcing bars influences the damaging rate in the cracking pattern evolution; hence, the damage development and the mechanical behaviours are considered as coupled phenomena. The reliability of such an approach is validated in modelling the diffusion of the aggressive agents and the changes in the mechanical response of simple structural elements whose experimental behaviour is reported in Literature. A second set of analyses studies the effects of the corrosion of the tendons of a P.C. beam and explores potentially unexpected structural responses caused by corrosion under different aggressive exposition. The role of the different types and of the different positions of the damaging agents is discussed. In particular, it is shown how the collapse mode of the beam may switch from flexural to shear type, in case corrosion is caused by a localized chloride attack in the shear span.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Almusallam, A.A. (2001), "Effect of degree of corrosion on the properties of reinforcing steel bars", Constr. Build. Mater., 15(8), 361-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(01)00009-5
  2. Almusallam, A.A., Al-Gahtani, A.S., Aziz, A.R., Dakhil, F.H. and Rasheeduzzafar, F. (1996), "Effect of reinforcement corrosion on flexural behavior of concrete slabs", J. Mater. Civil Eng., 8(3), 123-127. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1996)8:3(123)
  3. Bertolini, L., Elsener, B., Pedeferri, P. and Polder, R.P. (2004), Corrosion of Steel in Concrete: Prevention, Diagnosis, Repair, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.
  4. Biondini, F., Malerba, P.G. and Frangopol, D.M. (2006), "Time-variant performance of the certosa cablestayed bridge", Struct. Eng. Int., 16(3), 235-244. https://doi.org/10.2749/101686606778026529
  5. Bontempi, F., Barbera, F. and Malerba, P.G. (1996), "Semianalytical finite strip analyisis of reinforced concrete structures", Proceedings of the 3rd Asian Pacific Conference on Computational Mechanics, Seoul, South Korea, September.
  6. Boulfiza, M., Sakai, K., Banthia, N. and Yoshida, H. (2003), "Prediction of chloride ions ingress in uncracked and cracked concrete", ACI Mater. J., 100(1), 38-48.
  7. Breysse, D. (1997), Transport of Fluids in Cracked Media, Penetration and Permeability of Concrete, RILEM Report 16, Penetration and Permeability of Concrete, 123-153.
  8. Castel, A., Francois, R. and Arliguie, R. (1999), "Effect of loading on carbonation penetration in reinforced concrete elements", Cement Concrete Res., 29(4), 561-565. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00017-4
  9. Castel, A., Francois, R. and Arliguie, R. (2000), "Mechanical behaviour of corroded reinforced concrete beams-part 1: Experimental study of corroded beams", Mater. Struct., 33(9), 539-544. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480533
  10. Coronelli, D., Castel, A., Anh, V.N. and Francois, R. (2009), "Corroded post-tensioned beams with bonded tendons and wire failure", Eng. Struct., 31(8), 1687-1697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.02.043
  11. Darmawan, M.S. and Stewart, M.G. (2007), "Effect of pitting corrosion on capacity of prestressing wires", Mag. Concrete Res., 59(2), 131-139. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2007.59.2.131
  12. Ekolu, S.O. (2016), "A review on effects of curing, sheltering, and $CO_2$ concentration upon natural carbonation of concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 127, 306-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.056
  13. El Hassan, J., Bressolette, P., Chateauneuf, A. and El Tawil, K. (2010), "Reliability-based assessment of the effect of climatic conditions on the corrosion of RC structures subject to chloride ingress", Eng. Struct., 32(10), 3279-3287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.07.001
  14. Garavaglia, E., Sgambi, L. And Basso, N. (2012), "Selective maintenance strategies applied to a bridge deteriorating steel truss", Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Stresa, Italy, July.
  15. Goins, D. (2000), "Motor speedway bridge collapse caused by corrosion", Mater. Perform., 36(7), 18-19.
  16. Gonzalez, J.A., Andrade, C., Alonso, C. and Feliu, S. (1995), "Comparison of rates of general corrosion and maximum pitting penetration on concrete embedded steel reinforcement", Cement Concrete Res., 25(2), 257-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(95)00006-2
  17. Isecke, B. (1983), "Collapse of the Berlin congress hall prestressed concrete roof", Mater. Perform., 21(12), 36-39.
  18. Jacobsen, S., Sellevold, E. and Matala, S. (1996), "Frost durability of high strength concrete: Effect of internal cracking on ice formation", Cement Concrete Res., 26(6), 919-931. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(96)00066-X
  19. Kolio, A., Pakkala, T.A., Lahdensivu, J. and Kiviste M. (2014), "Durability demands related to carbonation induced corrosion for Finnish concrete buildings in changing climate", Eng. Struct., 62-63, 42-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.01.032
  20. Lu, Z.H., Ou, Y.B., Zhao, Y.G. and Li, C.Q. (2016), "Investigation of corrosion of steel stirrups in reinforced concrete structures", Constr. Build. Mater., 127, 293-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.128
  21. Malerba, P.G. (2014), "Inspecting and repairing old bridges: Experiences and lessons", Struct. Infrastruct. Eng., 14(4), 443-470.
  22. Malerba, P.G. and Sgambi, L. (2014), "Riveted steel elements deformed by the swelling of interstitial rust. A study on a residual bearing capacity", Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Shanghai, China, July.
  23. Malumbela, G., Alexander, M. and Moyo, P. (2009), "Steel corrosion on RC structures under sustained service loads-a critical review", Eng. Struct., 31(11), 2518-2525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.07.016
  24. Michel, A., Otieno, M., Stang, H. and Geiker, M.R. (2016), "Propagation of steel corrosion in concrete: Experimental and numerical investigations", Cement Concrete Compos., 70, 171-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.04.007
  25. Nurnberger, U. (2002), "Corrosion induced failure mechanisms of prestressing steel", Mater. Corros., 53(8), 591-601. https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4176(200208)53:8<591::AID-MACO591>3.0.CO;2-X
  26. Otsuki, N., Miyazato, S., Diola, N.B. and Suzuki, H. (2000), "Influences of bending crack and water-cement ratio on chloride-induced corrosion of main reinforcing bars and stirrups", 97(4), 454-464.
  27. Palermo, A., Gil-Martin, L.M., Hernandez-Montes, E. and Aschheim, M. (2014), "Refined compression field theory for plastered straw bale walls", Constr. Build. Mater., 58, 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.02.004
  28. Paulik, P., Bacuvcik, M., Sevcik, P. and Janotka, I. (2016), "Material properties and carbonation depths measured on seven, more than a 100-years old concrete bridges in Slovakia", Proc. Eng., 156, 326-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.304
  29. Radogna, E.F. (1965), Nota Informativa su Esperienze in Corso sul Comportamento a Taglio di Travi Precompresse a Cavi Post-Tesi, Atti delle Giornate del Precompresso, Ravello, 24-30.
  30. Sarja, A. and Vesikari, E. (1996), Durability Design of Concrete Structures, RILEM Report Series 14, RILEM Technical Committee 130-CSL, E & FN Spon, London, U.K.
  31. Schiessl, P. and Lay, S. (2005), Influence of Concrete Composition, Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete Structures, Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, 91-134.
  32. Sgambi, L. (2004), "Fuzzy theory based approach for three-dimensional nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete two-blade bridge piers", Comput. Struct., 82(13-14), 1067-1076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.03.016
  33. Sgambi, L. (2014), "Influence of degradation at the base of a support post in a collapse of an old guardrail: A forensic analysis", Eng. Fail. Anal., 42, 284-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.04.009
  34. Sgambi, L., Bontempi, F. and Garavaglia, E. (2006), "Structural response evaluation of two-blade bridge piers subjected to a localized deterioration", Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Porto, Portugal, July.
  35. Sgambi, L., Gkoumas, K. and Bontempi, F. (2014), "Genetic algorithm optimization of precast hollow core slabs", Comput. Concrete, 13(3), 389-409. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2014.13.3.389
  36. Tuutti, K. (1982), Corrosion of Steel in Concrete, CBI Research Report No. 4.82, Swedish Foundation for Concrete Research, Stockholm, Sweden.
  37. Val, D.V., Stewart, M.G. and Melchers, R.E. (1998), "Effect of reinforce corrosion on reliability of highway bridges", Eng. Struct., 20(11), 1010-1019. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00197-1
  38. Vecchio, F.J. (1989), "Non-linear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete membranes", ACI Struct. J., 86(1), 26-35.
  39. Vecchio, F.J. and Collins, M.P.C. (1986), "The modified compression-field theory for reinforced concrete elements subjected to shear", ACI Struct. J., 83(2), 219-231.
  40. Vesikari, E. (1988), "Service life prediction of concrete structures with regard to corrosion of reinforcement", Research Report NA 553, Technical Research Center of Finland (VTT), Finland.
  41. Vidal, T., Castel, A. and Francois, R. (2007), "Corrosion process and structural performance of a 17 year old reinforced concrete beam stored in chloride environment", Cement Concrete Res., 37(11), 1551-1561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.08.004
  42. Vorechovska, D., Podrouzek, J., Chroma, M., Rovnanikova, P. and Teply, B. (2009), "Modeling of chloride concentration effect on reinforcement corrosion", Comput.-Aid. Civil Infrastr. Eng., 24(6), 446-458. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.2009.00602.x
  43. Woodward, R.J. and Williams, F.W. (1988), "Collapse of ynys-y-gwas bridge, west glamorgan", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Part I 84, 634-669.
  44. Zhang, Y.F., Torgal, F. and Zhang, Y. (2012), "Shear behaviour of steel fibre reinforced self-consolidating concrete beams based on the modified compression field theory", Compos. Struct., 94(8), 2440-2449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.02.025

피인용 문헌

  1. Experimental and numerical study about seismic retrofitting of corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete columns of bridge using combination of FRP wrapping and steel profiles vol.30, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.3.231
  2. Sensitivity analysis of flexural strength of RC beams influenced by reinforcement corrosion vol.72, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.72.4.479
  3. Corrosion of rebar in carbon fiber reinforced polymer bonded reinforced concrete vol.8, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.4.247
  4. Algorithms to measure carbonation depth in concrete structures sprayed with a phenolphthalein solution vol.9, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.9.3.257
  5. Influence of the shape of head anchors on the durability of reinforced concrete elements vol.10, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.10.1.061
  6. Strut-and-tie model for shear capacity of corroded reinforced concrete columns vol.10, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.10.3.185
  7. Structural assessment & strengthening of the first singe-arch RC bridge in Sarajevo, BIH vol.235, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112002
  8. Climatic Issue in an Advanced Numerical Modeling of Concrete Carbonation vol.13, pp.11, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115994