한국환경생태학회지 (Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology)

  • 제31권2호
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  • Pages.135-151
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  • 2017
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  • 1229-3857(pISSN)
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  • 2288-131X(eISSN)
한국환경생태학회 (Korean Society of Environment and Ecology)
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원주천 월동 수조류의 기온에 따른 군집 변동에 관한 연구

A Study on the Population Fluctuation of Wintering Waterbirds on Wonju-Stream by the Temperature

  • 투고 : 2016.12.28
  • 심사 : 2017.02.27
  • 발행 : 2017.04.30
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초록

2015년 10월부터 2016년 4월까지 주 1회 원주천의 조류를 관찰하여 각 수조류의 도래에 미치는 기온의 조건을 알고자 하였다. 원주천에 도래하는 수조류의 개체수는 기온의 변화와 반비례하여 기온이 낮아짐에 따라 개체수는 증가하였고, 최저기온을 보인 16차(27-Jan) 조사에서 최고개체수를 기록하였다가 기온이 상승함에 따라 감소하였다. 원주천 수조류의 전체 개체수는 인근 저수지와 하천의 결빙율에 비례하여 결빙율이 높아질수록 개체수가 증가하였고 낮아질수록 감소하였다. 기온변화에 따른 종별 개체수의 상관성을 알아보기 위하여 1차(15-Oct)에서 27차(18-Apr)에 이르는 월동기 전체의 상관관계(1~27상관)를 비롯하여 최저기온을 기록한 16차를 기준으로 1차(15-Oct)에서 16차(27-Jan)의 월동 전반기의 상관관계(1~16상관), 16차(27-Jan)에서 27차(18-Apr)에 이르는 월동 후반기의 상관관계(16~27상관)를 알아보았다. 대부분 월동 수조류는 기온에 대해 음의 상관성을 보였으나 쇠백로(Egretta garzetta), 민물가마우지(Phalacrocorax carbo) 및 왜가리(Ardea cinerea)는 양의 상관성을 보였다. 흰뺨검둥오리(Anas poecilorhyncha)가 기온의 변화에 대한 가장 높은 상관성(1-16상관, 7D/H3A, (r=-0.960, P<0.000000001)을 보였으며, 전체 월동 수조류는 모든 상관분석(1~27상관(r=-0.942, P<0.01), 1~16상관(r=-0.947, P<0.01), 16~27상관(r=-0.958, P<0.01))에서 4D/LA에 가장 높은 상관성을 보였다. 각각의 수조류와 기온에 대한 상관성은 종마다 기온(AT, HT, LT)과 기간(1D~7D)의 조건에 대해 각각 다르게 나타났다. 대부분의 종이 최고기온보다는 최저기온과의 상관성이 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 기온이 하강하는 월동 전반기에는 4일~7일의 기온에, 월동 후반기에는 1일~3일의 기온에 높은 상관성을 보였다.

Waterbirds were surveyed once a week from Oct. 2015 to Apr. 2016 to study the conditions of temperature of staying waterbirds on Wonju-Stream. The population staying on Wonju-Stream was in inverse proportion to the temperature change; birds increased as the temperature went down, and showed the highest peak counts on the 16th(27-Jan) survey, which was the lowest in temperature. decreasing as the temperature rose. The total population of Wonju River water birds increased with increasing freezing rate in proportion to the freezing rate of nearby reservoirs and tributaries. To clarify the relation of the numbers of the birds to temperature fluctuation, the correlation of the first period of wintering (1st~16th) and that of the later period(17th~27th) as well as the whole period was surveyed, based on the 16th which was the lowest in temperature. While most wintering waterbirds showed a negative correlation to the temperature, Egretta garzetta, Phalacrocorax carbo, and Ardea cinerea were positive in temperature relativity. Anas poecilorhyncha was in the highest relation to temperature fluctuation showing (7D/H3A(r=-0.960, P<0.000000001)) at 1-16 correlation(Cor.), with the whole wintering waterbird species showing the maximum correlation at 4D/LA in the every correlation(1~27Cor.(r=-0.942, P<0.01), 1~16Cor.(r=-0.947, P<0.01), 16~27Cor.(r=-0.958, P<0.01)). Each waterbird showed the correlation to the temperature variation(AT, HT, LT) and th duration(1D~7D) depending on the species differently. Most species demonstrated a bigger correlation to the lowest temperature rather than to the highest temperature. During the first half period of the wintering with the temperature falling it showed a high correlation to the temperature at the duration of 4D~7D, While it was for D1~D3 during the next half period.

키워드

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