Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
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Phytocoenosen and Distribution of a Wild Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) Population in South Korea

차나무 자생개체군의 식물사회와 분포 특이성

  • Eom, Byeong-Cheol (Unit of Vegetation Science, Dept. of Biology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Won (Unit of Vegetation Science, Dept. of Biology, Keimyung University)
  • Received : 2016.12.15
  • Accepted : 2017.03.22
  • Published : 2017.04.30
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Abstract

South Korea is the northernmost distributional territory on the Camellietea japonicae (evergreen broad-leaved forests of the warm-temperate zone) in East Asia. A total of 40 stands were collected in terms of an ecologically-naturalized wild tea population (WTP), and their species composition was analyzed by $Z{\ddot{u}}rich$-Montpellier School's method with preliminary regard to forest canopy idendtification. Stand types were characterized by ecological flora's criteria such as Raunkiaer's life-form, neophyte, zonal distribution, and nativeness of species. Expansion of WTP distribution into the interior of the peninsula was recognized, than expected. The highest and northernmost WTPs have been recorded at Mt. Palgong, Daegu (390 m a.s.l.) and Iksan Jeonbuk (latitude $36^{\circ}$ 03' 33''), respectively. Altitudinal and latitudinal WTP distribution of Korea under continental climate shows lower than Japanese situation under oceanic climate. Community structure generally involved a few human interferences. Syngeographically WTP distribution was limited on the warm-temperate zone and the southernmost cool-temperate southern submontane zone. First driving force on distributional expansion of the WTP was anthropogenic, particularly in the northernmost distribution area. We finally confirmed an actual existence of the WTP in South Korea and suggested a long-term monitoring on the WTPs in national view of in-situ genetic resources with higher frost-resistance.

한반도는 동아시아에서 동백나무군강(난온대 낙엽활엽수림)의 최북단 지역이다. 총 40 개의 입지에서 생태학적으로 정의된 야생상의 자생 차나무 개체군에 대한 식생자료가 수집되었다. 우점 상관에 따라 식분을 구분하고, Z.-M. 학파의 식물사회학적 방법에 따라 현지 식생조사와 종조성에 따라 식물군락을 기재하였다. 식생 유형에 따라 생활형, 신귀화식물, 식생지리분포, 고유성 등을 포함하는 생태식물상 특성을 분석하였다. 자생개체군 분포지의 최고해발은 대구시 팔공산(해발 390 m)이었고 최고위도는 익산시 함라산(latitude $36^{\circ}$ 03' 33'')이었다. 대륙성 기후가 우세한 한반도에서의 차나무 자생개체군은 해양성 기후가 우세한 일본에 비하여 수평적 수직적으로 모두 낮은 분포를 보였다. 대부분의 자생개체군은 인간간섭을 받아온 입지에 위치하였고, 자생개체군의 북한계 분포 확장의 동인으로 인간의 도움이 지목되었다. 자생개체군의 군락지리학적 분포는 난온대와 냉온대 남부 저산지대에 제한되었다. 본 연구를 통해 한국에서 차나무 자생개체군의 실체가 확인되었고, 내동성이 높은 유전 자원이라는 관점에서 한반도 자생개체군의 장기생태연구가 요구되었다.

Keywords

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