Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Characteristics Analysis of Archaeological Chemistry on the Ceramics Excavated from Kiln Site in Dongkok-Town, Gimje in Korea

김제 청도리 동곡마을 도요지 출토 도자기의 고고화학적 특성 분석

  • Park, Yeong A (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Gyu-Ho (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Jeon, Yu Ree (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Na-Young (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University)
  • 박영아 (국립공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 김규호 (국립공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 전유리 (국립공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 김나영 (국립공주대학교 문화재보존과학과)
  • Received : 2017.03.15
  • Accepted : 2017.04.14
  • Published : 2017.04.20
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Punchong and Whiteware pottery excavated from the kiln site in Dongkok-Town, Gimge. Scientific analysis is carried out to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of the body and glaze. The physical properties indicate the gradual development of the production technology with respect to the kiln operating conditions and period. In chemical properties, the ceramic body is found to be made of raw materials from the same source, but the mixing method depends on the type of Punchong and Whiteware pottery, the production kiln, and period. Whiteware pottery is manufactured with less over 1.3% of the colorant content and more about 1.2% of the $K_2O$ flux content than Punchong pottery. This compositions allow easier vitrification at the same temperature. These characteristics which is low colorant content and high flux content become more prominent as lately. The ceramic glaze is likely to have changed the type of raw materials used after 16~17C, as the contents of MgO, $TiO_2$, MnO, $P_2O_5$ are less three to ten times than 15C.

본 연구는 김제 동곡마을 도요지에서 출토된 15~17세기 분청사기와 백자에 대하여 색도와 비중 및 흡수율, 미세구조 관찰 등의 물리적 특성, 태토와 유약의 조성에 대한 화학적 특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 물리적 특성에서 가마운영 상황과 제작 시기에 따라 제작기술이 점차 발전되는 변화가 관찰된다. 원료적 측면에서 동곡마을 도요지는 동일기반암에서 생성된 점토를 사용하여 도자기 종류, 생산 가마, 시기 등에 따라 원료를 정제하거나 융제를 첨가하는 등의 제작기법에서 차이를 보인다. 백자는 분청사기와 비교하여 착색제 함량이 평균적으로 1.3% 이상 적고 융제 성분 $K_2O$ 함량이 1.2% 가량 많은 편으로 같은 온도에서 더 쉽게 자화될 수 있는 특징을 보인다. 이와 같은 특성은 생산 시기가 늦어질수록 분명하게 나타난다. 유약은 자기 종류가 아닌 생산 시기에 따라 16세기 이후에는 MgO, $TiO_2$, MnO, $P_2O_5$ 등의 함량이 적게는 3배, 많게는 10배 이상 줄어들어 사용 원료에 차이가 있었던 것으로 추정해 볼 수 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. Han, M.S., 2006, A scientific provenance study for Goryeo Celadon excavated from seabed. Doctor's thesis, Chungang University, Seoul, 58-63. (in Korean with English abstract)
  2. Hwang, H.S., Kwak, E.K. and Lee, D.H., 2011, Microstructural study and firing temperature presume from Mt. Gyeryong Hakbong-ri kiln. Journal of Conservation Science, 27(1), 13-30. (in Korean with English abstract)
  3. Jeon, Y.R., 2008, Chemical and physical characteristics analysis of the pottery from Gwangdae-ri site in Cheongyang Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. Master's thesis, Kongju National University, Kongju. (in Korean with English abstract)
  4. Jeonju National Museum, 1997, Kiln site in Chollabuk-do province. Research Report of Jeonju National Museum, 3. (in Korean)
  5. Jung, D.S., 2010, An essay on material ingredient and firing temperature of White porcelain in Chosun Dynasty -Focusing on Yanggu white porcelain. Studies in Humanities, 25, 217-248. (in Korean with English abstract)
  6. Kang, K.S., 1998, Celadon Buncheong whiteware. in Lee, G.B.(ed.), Hanguksa Shimin Gangjwa. Ilchokak, Seoul, 23. (in Korean)
  7. Kang, K.I., 2003, Whiteware from the official kiln of Choseon Dynasty period in Beoncheon-ri, Gwangju. Journal of Conservation Science, 12(1), 1-14. (in Korean with English abstract)
  8. Kang, K.I., 2005, Report on the excavation of the kiln site at Guseongri, Gokseong. Research Report of the Jeonnam Cultural Property Research Center, Korea, 18, 201-219. (in Korean)
  9. Kang, K.I. and Jung, C.J., 1997, Body composition and firing temperature of ancient pottery excavated in Chonnam province. Journal of Conservation Science, 6(1), 15-30. (in Korean with English abstract)
  10. Kim, C.W., 2005, A study on Buncheong porcelain -For the areas of Jeollanam-do and Jeollabuk-do-. Art Journal, 6. (in Korean with English abstract)
  11. Kim, N.Y. and Kim, G.H., 2007, The provenance and characteristic classification of the white porcelain in the Gyeongsangnam-do by neutron activation analysis. Journal of Conservation Science, 21, 89-100. (in Korean with English abstract)
  12. Koh, M.J., 2006, The analysis of physical characteristics and raw materials on hard and soft whiteware at excavated kilns in Gyongsangnam-do, Korea. Master's thesis, Kongju National University, Gongju. (in Korean with English abstract)
  13. Koh, M.J., Kim, J.T., Koh, K.S. and Kim, G.H., 2006, The analysis of physical characteristics and raw materials on hard and soft whiteware at excavated kiln in Dudong-ri Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. Journal of Conservation Science, 18, 75-88. (in Korean with English abstract)
  14. Koh, M.J. and Kim, G.H., 2008, Characteristics analysis of on blackware and whiteware at excavated kiln in Gilmyeong-ri Pocheon-si Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Journal of Conservation Science, 22, 43-60. (in Korean with English abstract)
  15. Lee, B.H. and So, M.G., 2013, Compositional and microstructural analyses of grayish-blue-powdered celadon in Yeongseo region in Gangwon-do:by Wonju Beopcheon-temple site. Analytical Science & Technology, 26(3), 211-221. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.5806/AST.2013.26.3.211
  16. Lee, B.H. and So, M.G., 2014, A study on chemical composition and firing temperature of white wares from the Guyre-2ri kiln sites, Wonju. Journal of Conservation Science, 30(3), 249-261. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2014.30.3.01
  17. Lee, B.H. and So, M.G., 2015, Material characteristics of white wares from Yeongdong province, Gangwon-do: Gangneung and Donghae kiln sites. Journal of Conservation Science, 31(3), 181-192. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2015.31.3.01
  18. Lee, S.G., Kim, K.H. and Kim, J.K., 2008, Variation of rare earth element patterns during rock weathering and ceramic processes: A preliminary study for application in soil chemistry and archaeology. Jour. Petrol. Soc. Korea, 17(3), 133-143. (in Korean with English abstract)
  19. Lee, S.G., Lee, K.Y., Yoon, Y.Y., Yang, M.K., Kim, K.H., Lee, S.J. and Ahn, S.D., 2010, Geochemical application for clarifying the source material of the earthenware: A preliminary study for archaeological application of geochemical tool. Jour. Petrol. Soc. Korea, 19(3), 181-197. (in Korean with English abstract)
  20. Lee, Y.E., 1998, Compositional and microstructural study of Choson Punchong. Doctor's thesis, Chung-ang University, Seoul, 44-91. (in Korean with English abstract)
  21. Lee, Y.E. and Koh, K.S., 1997, Compositional and microstructural study of Punchong from Hakbongni, Kongju. Journal of Conservation Science, 6(1), 3-14. (in Korean with English abstract)
  22. Lee, Y.E. and Koh, K.S., 1998, Scientific study of Punch'ǒng and whiteware from Ch'unghyodong, Kwangju (I). Analysis of chemical composition. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society, 42(3), 251-265. (in Korean with English abstract)
  23. Lee, Y.E. and Koh, K.S., 2002, A microstructural study on firing process of Korean traditional ceramics -Punch'ǒng from Ch'unghyodong, Kwangju. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society, 46(2), 125-138. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2002.46.2.125
  24. Mun, C.S. and Choi, T.H., 2003, Ceramic engineering 1 - Basic-. Dooyangsa, Seoul, 183-210. (in Korean)
  25. Prudence, M.R., 1987, Pottery analysis. The University of Chicago Press/Chicago and London, Chicago.
  26. Taylor, S.R. and McLennan, S.M., 1985, The continental crust: Its composition and evolution: Geoscience texts. Blackwell, Hoboken, 312.
  27. Veritable Records of King Sejong, 1454, 151. (in Chinese character)
  28. Wood, N., 1999, Chinese glazes - Their origins, chemistry and recreation. The University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 27-45.