Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회지)

Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Carcass and Meat Characteristics and Gene Expression in Intramuscular Adipose Tissue of Korean Native Cattle Fed Finishing Diets Supplemented with 5% Palm Oil

  • Park, Sungkwon (Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University) ;
  • Yan, Zhang (Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Choi, Changweon (Department of Animal Resources, Daegu University) ;
  • Kim, Kyounghoon (Institute of Environmentally Friendly Livestock, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Hyunjeong (Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Oh, Youngkyoon (Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Jeong, Jinyoung (Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Jonggil (College of Hospitality and Tourism, Sejong University) ;
  • Smith, Stephen B. (Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University) ;
  • Choi, Seongho (Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2016.11.28
  • Accepted : 2016.12.21
  • Published : 2017.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

We hypothesized that supplementing finishing diets with palm oil would promote adipogenic gene expression but depress stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene expression in intramuscular (i.m.) adipose tissues of Hanwoo steers during fattening period (from 16 to 32 mon of age). Fourteen Hanwoo steers were allotted randomly to 2 groups of 7 steers based on initial BW and fed either a basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 5% palm oil (BDSP). At slaughter, i.m. adipose tissue was harvested for analysis of adipogenic gene expression and fatty acid composition. There were no differences in BW or average daily gain between treatment groups. Supplemental palm oil had no effect on carcass quality traits (carcass weight, backfat thickness, loin muscle area, or marbling scores) or meat color values. Palm oil increased (p<0.05) expression of AMP-activated protein kinase-${\alpha}$ and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$, but decreased (p<0.05) CAAT/enhancer binding protein-${\beta}$ gene expression and tended to decrease stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene expression in i.m. adipose tissue. Palm oil increased total i.m. polyunsaturated fatty acids (p<0.05) compared to the control i.m. adipose tissue, but had no effect on saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids. Although there were significant effects of supplemental palm oil on i.m. adipose tissue gene expression, the absence of negative effects on carcass and meat characteristics indicates that palm oil could be a suitable dietary supplement for the production of Hanwoo beef cattle.

Keywords

References

  1. Adams, T. H., Walzem, R. L., Smith, D. R., Tseng, S., and Smith, S. B. (2010) Hamburger high in total, saturated and trans-fatty acids decreases HDL cholesterol and LDL particle diameter, and increases TAG, in mildly hypercholesterolaemic men. Brit. J. Nutr. 103, 91-98. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114509991516
  2. Cao, Z., Umek, R. M., and McKnight, S. L. (1991) Regulated expression of three C/EBP isoforms during adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 cells. Genes. Dev. 5, 1538-1552. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.9.1538
  3. Choi, S. H., Gang, G. O., Sawyer, J. E., Johnson, B. J., Kim, K. H., Choi, C. W., and Smith, S. B. (2013) Fatty acid biosynthesis and lipogenic enzyme activities in subcutaneous adipose tissue of feedlot steers fed supplementary palm oil or soybean oil. J. Anim. Sci. 91, 2091-2098. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2012-5801
  4. Choi, S. H., Park, S. K., Choi, C. W., Li, X. Z., Kim, K. H., Kim, W. Y., Jeong, J., Johnson, B. J., Zan, L., and Smith, S. B. (2016) The expression of adipogenic genes in adipose tissues of feedlot steers fed supplementary palm oil or soybean oil. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci 29, 404-412. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0011
  5. Choi, S. H., Park, S. K., Johnson, B. J., Chung, K. Y., Choi, C. W., Kim, K. H., Kim, W. Y., and Smith, B. (2015) $AMPK{\alpha}$, $C/EBP{\beta}$, $CPT1{\beta}$, GPR43, $PPAR{\gamma}$, and SCD gene expression in single- and co-cultured bovine satellite cells and intramuscular preadipocytes treated with palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acid. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 28, 411-419. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.14.0598
  6. Chung, K. Y., Lunt, D. K., Choi, C. B., Chae, S. H., Rhoades, R. D., Adams, T. H., Booren, B., and Smith, S. B. (2006) Lipid characteristics of subcutaneous adipose tissue and M. longissimus thoracis of Angus and Wagyu steers fed to US and Japanese endpoints. Meat Sci. 73, 432-441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.01.002
  7. Engle, T. E., Spears, J. W., Fellner, V., and Odle, J. (2000) Effects of soybean oil and dietary copper on ruminal and tissue lipid metabolism in finishing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 78, 2713-2721. https://doi.org/10.2527/2000.78102713x
  8. Folch, J., Lees, M., and Sloane Stanley, G. H. (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226, 497-509.
  9. Hardie, D. G. (2007) Biochemistry. Balancing cellular energy. Science 315, 1671-1672. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1140737
  10. Jeong, J. Y., Park, M. N., Cho, E. S., Jang, H. J., Park, S. K., and Lee, H. J. (2015) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced freeradical production upon adipogenic differentiation in bovine bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Tissue Res. 362, 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-015-2191-y
  11. Kim, S., Lee, J., and Park, S. (2016) Effects of full-fat soybean diet on performance, carcass characteristics, and fatty acid composition of Hanwoo steers. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 40, 451-458. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1508-12
  12. Korea Animal Products Evaluation (KAPE) (2007) Livestock Assessment, Methods of Grading of Carcasses.
  13. Lough, D. S., Solomon, M. B., Rumsey, T. S., Kahl, S., and Slyter, L. L. (1993) Effects of high-forage diets with added palm oil on performance, plasma lipids, and carcass characteristics of ram and ewe lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 71, 1171-1176. https://doi.org/10.2527/1993.7151171x
  14. Ludden, P. A., Kucuk, O., Rule, D. C., and Hess, B. W. (2009) Growth and carcass fatty acid composition of beef steers fed soybean oil for increasing duration before slaughter. Meat Sci. 82, 185-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.009
  15. National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS) (2007) Korean Feeding Standard for Swine.
  16. Nestel, P. J., Poyser, A., Hood, R. L., Mills, S. C., Willis, M. R., Cook, L. J., and Scott, T. W. (1978) The effect of dietary fat supplements on cholesterol metabolism in ruminants. J. Lipid Res. 19, 899-909.
  17. Park, S., Scheffler, T. L., Gunawan, A. M., Shi, H., Zeng, C., Hannon, K. M., Grant, A. L., and Gerrard, D. E. (2009) Chronic elevated calcium blocks AMPK-induced GLUT-4 expression in skeletal muscle. Am. J. Physiol. - Cell Physiol. 296, C106-C115. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00114.2008
  18. Partida, J. A., Olleta, J. L., Sañudo, C., Albertí, P., and Campo, M. M. (2007) Fatty acid composition and sensory traits of beef fed palm oil supplements. Meat Sci. 76, 444-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.12.009
  19. Smith, S. B., Go, G. W., Johnson, B. J., Chung, K. Y., Choi, S. H., Sawyer, J. E., Silvey, D. T., Gilmore, L. A., Ghahramany, G., and Kim, K. H. (2012) Adipogenic gene expression and fatty acid composition in subcutaneous adipose tissue depots of Angus steers between 9 and 16 months of age. J Anim. Sci. 90, 2505-2514. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2011-4602
  20. Smith, S. B., Kawachi, H., Choi, C. B., Choi, C. W., Wu, G., and Sawyer, J. E. (2009) Cellular regulation of bovine intramuscular adipose tissue development and composition. J. Anim. Sci. 87, E72-82. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1340
  21. Solomon, M. B., Lynch, G. P., and Lough, D. S. (1992) Influence of dietary palm oil supplementation on serum lipid metabolites, carcass characteristics, and lipid composition of carcass tissues of growing ram and ewe lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 70, 2746-2751. https://doi.org/10.2527/1992.7092746x
  22. Song, M. K., Jin, G. L., Ji, B. J., Chang, S. S., Jeong, J., Smith, S. B., and Choi, S. H. (2010) Conjugated linoleic acids content in M. longissimus dorsi of Hanwoo steers fed a concentrate supplemented with soybean oil, sodium bicarbonatebased monensin, fish oil. Meat Sci. 85, 210-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.01.001
  23. St John, L. C., Lunt, D. K., and Smith, S. B. (1991) Fatty acid elongation and desaturation enzyme activities of bovine liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue microsomes. J. Anim. Sci. 69, 1064-1073. https://doi.org/10.2527/1991.6931064x
  24. Thomson, D. M. and Winder, W. W. (2009) AMP-activated protein kinase control of fat metabolism in skeletal muscle. Acta Physiologica 196, 147-154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.01973.x
  25. Tontonoz, P., Hu, E., Graves, R. A., Budavari, A. I., and Spiegelman, B. M. (1994) mPPAR gamma 2: Tissue-specific regulator of an adipocyte enhancer. Genes. Dev. 8, 1224-1234. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.8.10.1224
  26. Truswell, A. S. (2012) Palm oil and LDL cholesterol. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 95, 1288.
  27. Vasconcelos, J. T. and Galyean, M. L. (2007) Nutritional recommendations of feedlot consulting nutritionists: The 2007 Texas Tech University survey. J. Anim. Sci. 85, 2772-2781. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0261