Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics

The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry (대한치과보존학회)
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Removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a calcium hydroxide paste using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone as a vehicle

  • Lim, Myung-Jin (Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience) ;
  • Jang, Hyun-Jin (Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Yu, Mi-Kyung (Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience) ;
  • Lee, Kwang-Won (Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience) ;
  • Min, Kyung-San (Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience)
  • Received : 2017.08.15
  • Accepted : 2017.09.13
  • Published : 2017.11.08
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Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a newly developed calcium hydroxide paste (cleaniCal, Maruchi) using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a vehicle in comparison with ApexCal (Ivoclar Vivadent) and Calcipex II (Nishika), which use different vehicles such as polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol, respectively. Materials and Methods: Thirty maxillary premolars with oval-shaped canals were divided into 3 groups and the teeth were filled with one of the pastes. After removal of the paste, micro-computed tomographic (${\mu}$-CT) imaging was obtained to assess the volume of residual paste in the root canal of each tooth. The teeth were then split longitudinally and the area of the paste-coated surface was evaluated by stereomicroscopy. The cytotoxicity of each product was assessed using an agar overlay assay. The effect of each vehicle on cell viability was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests to detect any significance (p < 0.05). Results: In the ${\mu}$-CT and stereomicroscopic analysis, cleaniCal exhibited less remnants of medicament than ApexCal and Calcipex. cleaniCal showed a higher cytotoxicity than the other pastes in the agar overlay assay. Furthermore, NMP exhibited lower cell viability compared to the other vehicles. Conclusions: cleaniCal showed better removal efficacy compared to the other products. However, clinicians should be aware of the higher cytotoxicity of the NMP-based material and consider its possible adverse effects on periradicular tissue when it is overfilled.

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References

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