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고속철도 차량 내 혼잡도 완화에 대한 지불 용의액 추정 연구

Estimation of Willingness-to-pay for Mitigating Crowdedness in High-speed Rail Trains

  • 이장호 (한국교통대학교 철도시설공학과) ;
  • 김동선 (대진대학교 도시부동산공학과)
  • 투고 : 2017.02.22
  • 심사 : 2017.03.08
  • 발행 : 2017.04.01

초록

최근 고속철도 평균 좌석이용률이 98% 수준에 이르면서 고속철도 차량 내 혼잡이 발생하는 문제가 나타났고, 이러한 배경에서 본 연구는 고속철도 차량 내 혼잡도 완화에 따른 고속철도 이용자들의 편익을 추정하기 위하여 이용자들의 지불 용의액을 산정하였다. 진술선호자료에 근간한 조건부 가치측정법과 토빗(Tobit) 모형을 통해 지불 용의액을 추정한 결과, 지불 용의액은 소득 수준 및 혼잡도 수준과 비례하는 것으로 나타났으며, 남성, 특실이용자, 자유석 및 정기권 이용자의 지불 용의액이 높고, 주말 이용자, 주부, 통근목적이나 여가목적 이용자들은 지불 용의액이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 산정된 지불 용의액은 철도운영자들의 좌석공급 확대를 위한 노력에 대하여 정부의 지원근거나 사회적 편익을 계량화할 수 있는 근거를 제공하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 하겠다.

As the average load factor of High-Speed Rail (HSR) trains increased up to 98%, it caused uncomfortable crowdedness in the cabin and deteriorated the level of service to the HSR users. In this paper, we estimated the willingness-to-pay (WTP) of the HSR users for mitigating the crowdedness in the cabin. The contingent valuation method based on the stated preference data was used and the tobit model was applied for the estimation of WTP. It can be concluded that WTP for mitigating the crowdedness in the HSR trains is proportional to the congestion level of train and income level of user. Males, first-class users, not-assigned ticket users, and monthly pass users have relatively higher WTPs, while homemakers, travelers in weekends, commuters and leisure travelers have relatively lower values. The results can provide the fundamental information to estimate the benefits of mitigating crowdedness or the magnitude of governmental subsidy to railway operators for additional introduction of HSR trains.

키워드

참고문헌

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