Biomedical Science Letters (대한의생명과학회지)

The Korean Society for Biomedical Laboratory Sciences (대한의생명과학회)
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Leukemia Stem Cells in Blood Cells; Focused on Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  • Lee, Ji Yoon (Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Sangji University)
  • Received : 2017.02.21
  • Accepted : 2017.04.02
  • Published : 2017.03.31
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Abstract

It is known that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous blood cancer, which is enormously propagated by self-renewing leukemia stem cells (LSCs). The persistence of LSCs after chemotherapy can contribute to minimal residual disease and relapse by LSCs can be evoked promptly. Elucidating special molecules and cellular activity of LSCs is an extremely important to eliminate AML. Despite an increasing understanding of the origin of LSCs by incessant study, AML still remains a notorious disease with high mortality. An exact identification of the LSCs that sustain the proliferation of neoplastic clone is a fundamental issue in AML treatment. CD34+CD38- conventional phenotype is overall regarded as LSCs, but it has a limitation that is still hard to demarcate exactly due to similarity with normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Not all primary blasts and progenitors have equal function, thus a bona fide marker for identifying LSCs from HSCs is needed in hematologic malignancy, especially in AML. These findings have direct important implications in both in mechanistic study of LSCs as well as in the strategies of more effective therapies. In this review, I briefly summarized current advances in LSCs biology, focusing on membrane markers and a functional behavior of LSCs in AML treatment with monoclonal antibodies. Ultimately, it may be helpful in overviewing the status of LSC research, while expecting the clinic benefits of target therapy by specific inhibition.

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References

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