Journal of Radiation Protection and Research

The Korean Association for Radiation Protection (대한방사선방어학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study of Shielding Properties of X-ray and Gamma in Barium Compounds

  • Seenappa, L. (Department of Physics, Government College for women) ;
  • Manjunatha, H.C. (Department of Physics, Government College for women) ;
  • Chandrika, B.M. (PC Extension, St.Annes School) ;
  • Chikka, Hanumantharayappa (Vivekananda Degree College)
  • Received : 2016.06.04
  • Accepted : 2017.01.09
  • Published : 2017.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: Ionizing radiation is known to be harmful to human health. The shielding of ionizing radiation depends on the attenuation which can be achieved by three main rules, i.e. time, distance and absorbing material. Materials and Methods: The mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, Half Value Layer (HVL) and Tenth Value Layer (TVL) of X-rays (32 keV, 74 keV) and gamma rays (662 keV) are measured in Barium compounds. Results and Discussion: The measured values agree well with the theory. The effective atomic numbers ($Z_{eff}$) and electron density (Ne) of Barium compounds have been computed in the wide energy region 1 keV to 100 GeV using an accurate database of photon-interaction cross sections and the WinXCom program. Conclusion: The mass attenuation coefficient and linear attenuation coefficient for $BaCO_3$ is higher than the $BaCl_2$, $Ba(No_3)_2$ and BaSO4. HVL, TVL and mean free path are lower for $BaCO_3$ than the $BaCl_2$, $Ba(No_3)_2$ and $BaSO_4$. Among the studied barium compounds, $BaCO_3$ is best material for x-ray and gamma shielding.

Keywords

References

  1. Stewart DC. Data for radioactive waste management and nuclear applications. New York, NY. John Wiley and Sons. 1985;89.
  2. Chilton AB, Sheltie JK, Faw RE. Principles of radiation shielding. 2nd Ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Prentice-Hall. 1984;105.
  3. Dresner L. Principles of radiation protection engineering. 3rd Ed. New York, NY. McGraw-Hill. 1965;204.
  4. Kim SC, Dong KR, Chung WK. Medical radiation shielding effect by composition of barium compounds. Ann. Nucl. Energy. 2012; 47;1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2012.04.014
  5. Hubbell JH, Seltzer SM. Tables of x-ray mass attenuation coefficients and mass energy-absorption coefficients 1 keV to 20 MeV for elements Z=1 to 92 and 48 additional substances of dosimetric interest. NISTIR 5632. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 1995;56.
  6. Berger MJ, Hubbell JH. XCOM: Photon cross sections on a personal computer. NBSIR 87-3597. National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce. 1987;28.
  7. Gerward L, Guilbert N, Jensen KB, Levring H. lead phosphate glass containing boron and lithium oxides as a shielding material for neutron- and gamma-radiation. Rad. Phys.Chem. 2001;60: 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-806X(00)00324-8
  8. Gerward L, Guilbert N, Jensen KB, Levring H. WinXCom-a program for calculating X-ray attenuation coefficients. Rad. Phys.Chem. 2004;71:653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2004.04.040
  9. Chantler CT, Tran CQ, Barnea Z , Paterson D, Cookson DJ, Balaic DX. Measurement of the X-ray mass attenuation coefficient of copper using 8.85-20 keV synchrotron radiation. Phys. Rev. A. 2001;(6):062506. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.64.062506
  10. Tran CQ, Chantler CT, Barnea Z. X-Ray Mass attenuation coefficient of silicon: Theory versus experiment, Phys. Rev. Lett. 2003; 90(25):257401. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.257401
  11. Hossain I, Sharip N, Viswanathan KK. Efficiency and resolution of HPGe and NaI(Tl) detectors using gamma-ray spectroscopy. Sci. Res. Essays. 2012;7(1):86-89.
  12. Goswami B, Chaudhuri N. Measurements of gamma-ray attenuation coefficients. Phys. Rev. A. 1937;7(6):1912. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.7.1912
  13. Manjunatha HC. Influence of gamma irradiation on conductivity of YBa2Cu3O7. Rad. Phys.Chem. 2005;113:24- 27.
  14. Rudraswamy B, Dhananjaya N, Manjunatha HC. Measurement of absorbed dose rate of gamma radiation for lead compounds. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A. 2010;619:171-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.11.026
  15. Manjunathaguru V, Umesh TK. Effective atomic numbers and electron densities of some biologically important compounds containing H, C, N and O in the energy range 145-1330 keV. J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 2006;39(18):3969. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/39/18/025
  16. Manjunatha HC, Rudraswamy B. A study of thickness and penetration depth dependence of specific absorbed fraction of energy in bone. Ann. Nucl. Energy. 2011;38(10):2271-2282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2011.06.006

Cited by

  1. Study of gamma/X-ray interaction in Kondo insulators vol.47, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2809
  2. Broad Beam Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Studies with Environmental Materials vol.43, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.14407/jrpr.2018.43.2.75
  3. Gamma and X-Ray Shielding Properties of Various Types of Steels vol.5, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4043814
  4. Comparison of methods for the geochemical determination of rare earth elements: Rock Canyon Creek REE–F–Ba deposit case study, SE British Columbia, Canada vol.19, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1144/geochem2018-044
  5. Semi-empirical formula for pair production cross-section of gamma in nuclear and electric field vol.35, pp.34, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320502855
  6. Analysis of Radiation Fusion Shielding Performance of Ytterbium Oxide, a Radiation Impermeable Substance vol.12, pp.4, 2021, https://doi.org/10.15207/jkcs.2021.12.4.087
  7. Investigation on shielding properties of lead based alloys vol.137, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103788
  8. Radiation shielding, photoluminescence and antimicrobial properties of Magnesium ferrite synthesized $ via$ low temperature solution combustion method vol.142, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103988