The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
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Incorporation of silver nanoparticles on the surface of orthodontic microimplants to achieve antimicrobial properties

  • Venugopal, Adith (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Muthuchamy, Nallal (Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Tejani, Harsh (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Anantha-Iyengar-Gopalan, Anantha-Iyengar-Gopalan (Research Institute of Advanced Energy Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Kwang-Pill (Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Heon-Jin (Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kyung, Hee Moon (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2016.02.25
  • Accepted : 2016.06.21
  • Published : 2017.01.25
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Abstract

Objective: Microbial aggregation around dental implants can lead to loss/loosening of the implants. This study was aimed at surface treating titanium microimplants with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to achieve antibacterial properties. Methods: AgNP-modified titanium microimplants (Ti-nAg) were prepared using two methods. The first method involved coating the microimplants with regular AgNPs (Ti-AgNP) and the second involved coating them with a AgNP-coated biopolymer (Ti-BP-AgNP). The topologies, microstructures, and chemical compositions of the surfaces of the Ti-nAg were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Disk diffusion tests using Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were performed to test the antibacterial activity of the Ti-nAg microimplants. Results: SEM revealed that only a meager amount of AgNPs was sparsely deposited on the Ti-AgNP surface with the first method, while a layer of AgNP-coated biopolymer extended along the Ti-BP-AgNP surface in the second method. The diameters of the coated nanoparticles were in the range of 10 to 30 nm. EDS revealed 1.05 atomic % of Ag on the surface of the Ti-AgNP and an astounding 21.2 atomic % on the surface of the Ti-BP-AgNP. XPS confirmed the metallic state of silver on the Ti-BP-AgNP surface. After 24 hours of incubation, clear zones of inhibition were seen around the Ti-BP-AgNP microimplants in all three test bacterial culture plates, whereas no antibacterial effect was observed with the Ti-AgNP microimplants. Conclusions: Titanium microimplants modified with Ti-BP-AgNP exhibit excellent antibacterial properties, making them a promising implantable biomaterial.

Keywords

References

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