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Korean Meteorological Society (한국기상학회)
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Potential Source of PM10, PM2.5, and OC and EC in Seoul During Spring 2016

2016년 봄철 서울의 PM10, PM2.5 및 OC와 EC 배출원 기여도 추정

  • Ham, Jeeyoung (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Hae Jung (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Cha, Joo Wan (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Ryoo, Sang-Boom (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences)
  • 함지영 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 이혜정 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 차주완 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 류상범 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과)
  • Received : 2016.10.25
  • Accepted : 2017.01.17
  • Published : 2017.03.31
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Abstract

Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in $PM_{2.5}$ were measured using Sunset OC/EC Field Analyzer at Seoul Hwangsa Monitoring Center from March to April, 2016. The mean concentrations of OC and EC during the entire period were $4.4{\pm}2.0{\mu}gC\;m^{-3}$ and $1.4{\pm}0.6{\mu}gC\;m^{-3}$, respectively. OC/EC ratio was $3.4{\pm}1.0$. The average concentrations of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ were $57.4{\pm}25.9$ and $39.7{\pm}19.8{\mu}g\;m^{-3}$, respectively, which were detected by an optical particle counter. The OC and EC peaks were observed in the morning, which were impacted by vehicle emission, however, their diurnal variations were not noticeable. This is determined to be contributed by the long-range transported OC or secondary formation via photochemical reaction by volatile organic compounds at afternoon. A conditional probability function (CPF) model was used to identify the local source of pollution. High concentrations of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ were observed from the westerly wind, regardless of wind speed. When wind velocity was high, a mixing plume of dust and pollution during long-range transport from China in spring was observed. In contrast, pollution in low wind velocity was from local source, regardless of direction. To know the effect of long-range transport on pollution, a concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) model was analyzed based on a potential source contribution function (PSCF) model in which 75 percentiles high concentration was picked out for CWT analysis. $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$, OC, and EC were dominantly contributed from China in spring, and EC results were similar in both PSCF and CWT. In conclusion, Seoul air quality in spring was mainly affected by a mixture of local pollution and anthropogenic pollutants originated in China than the Asian dust.

Keywords

References

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