Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제61권5호
  • /
  • Pages.577-592
  • /
  • 2017
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Prestressed concrete beams under torsion-extension of the VATM and evaluation of constitutive relationships

  • Bernardo, Luis F.A. (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Centre of Materials and Building Technologies (C-made), University of Beira Interio) ;
  • Andrade, Jorge M.A. (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Centre of Materials and Building Technologies (C-made), University of Beira Interio)
  • 투고 : 2016.06.23
  • 심사 : 2016.10.21
  • 발행 : 2017.03.10
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

A computing procedure is presented to predict the ultimate behavior of prestressed beams under torsion. This computing procedure is based on an extension of the Variable Angle Truss-Model (VATM) to cover both longitudinal and transversal prestressed beams. Several constitutive relationships are tested to model the behavior of the concrete in compression in the struts and the behavior of the reinforcement in tension (both ordinary and prestress). The theoretical predictions of the maximum torque and corresponding twist are compared with some results from reported tests and with the predictions obtained from some codes of practice. One of the tested combinations of the relationships for the materials was found to give simultaneously the best predictions for the resistance torque and the corresponding twist of prestressed beams under torsion. When compared with the predictions from some codes of practice, the theoretical model which incorporates the referred combination of the relationships provides best values for the torsional strength and leads to more optimized designs.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ACI Committee 318 (2005), Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete, (ACI 318-05) and Commentary (ACI 318R-05), American Concrete Institute, Detroit, MI.
  2. AlNuaimi, A.S., Al-Jabri, K.S. and Hago, A. (2008), "Comparison between solid and hollow reinforced concrete beams", Mater. Struct., 41(2), 269-286. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-007-9237-x
  3. Andrade, A.M., Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2011), "TORQUE_MTEAV: computing tool to evaluate the ultimate behaviour of reinforced and prestressed concrete beams in torsion", Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Nonlinear Models-Structural Concrete Aplications (CoRAN 2011), November, Coimbra, Portugal.
  4. Bairan Garcia, J.M. and Mari Bernat, A.R. (2006a), "Coupled model for the non-linear analysis of anisotropic sections subjected to general 3D loading. Part 1: Theoretical formulation", Comput. Struct., 84(31-32), 2254-2263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2006.08.036
  5. Bairan Garcia, J.M. and Mari Bernat, A.R. (2006b), "Coupled model for the nonlinear analysis of sections made of anisotropic materials, subjected to general 3D loading. Part 2: Implementation and validation", Comput. Struct., 84(31-32), 2264-2276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2006.08.035
  6. Belarbi, A. and Hsu T.C. (1994), "Constitutive laws of concrete in tension and reinforcing bars stiffened by concrete", Struct. J. Am. Concrete Inst., 91(4), 465-474.
  7. Belarbi, A. and Hsu, T.C. (1991), "Constitutive laws of softened concrete in biaxial tension-compression", Research Report UHCEE 91-2, Univ. of Houston, Houston, Texas.
  8. Belarbi, A. and Hsu, T.C. (1995), "Constitutive laws of softened concrete in biaxial tension-compression", Struct. J. Am. Concrete Inst., 92(5), 562-573.
  9. Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes S.M.R. (2004), "Neutral axis depth versus flexural ductility in high-strength concrete beams", ASCE J. Struct. Eng., 130(3), 452-459. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:3(452)
  10. Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2008), "Behaviour of concrete beams under torsion-NSC plain and hollow beams", Mater. Struct., 41(6), 1143-1167. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-007-9315-0
  11. Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2009), "Torsion in HSC hollow beams: strength and ductility analysis", ACI Struct. J., 106(1), 39-48.
  12. Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2011a), "Theoretical behaviour of HSC sections under torsion", Eng. Struct., 33(12), 3702-3714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.08.007
  13. Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2011b), "High-strength concrete hollow beams strengthened with external transversal steel reinforcement under torsion", J. Civil Eng. Manage., 17(3), 330-339. https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2011.589204
  14. Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2013), "Plastic analysis and twist capacity of high-strength concrete hollow beams under pure torsion", Eng. Struct., 49, 190-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.10.030
  15. Bernardo, L.F.A., Andrade, J.M.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2012a), "Softened truss model for reinforced NSC and HSC beams under torsion: a comparative study", Eng. Struct., 42(12), 278-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.04.036
  16. Bernardo, L.F.A., Andrade, J.M.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2012b), "Modified variable angle truss-model for torsion in reinforced concrete beams", Mater. Struct., 45(12), 1877-1902. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-012-9876-4
  17. Bernardo, L.F.A., Taborda, C.S.B. and Andrade, J.M.A. (2015a) "Ultimate torsional behaviour of axially restrained RC beams", Comput. Concrete, 16(1), 67-97. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2015.16.1.067
  18. Bernardo, L.F.B., Taborda, C.S.B. and Gama, J.M.R. (2015b) "Parametric analysis and torsion design charts for axially restrained RC beams", Struct. Eng. Mech., 55(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.55.1.001
  19. Collins, M.P. and Poraz, A. (1989), "Shear design for high strength concrete", Bulletin d'Information No. 193-Design Aspects of High Strength Concrete, CEB, 75-83.
  20. Comite Euro-International du Beton (CEB) (1990), CEB-FIP MODEL CODE 1990.
  21. Hognestad, E. (1952), "What do we know about diagonal tension and web reinforcement in concrete?", Circular Series, 64, University of Illinois, Engineering Exp. Station, III.
  22. Hsu, T.T.C. (1984), Torsion of Reinforced Concrete, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
  23. Hsu, T.T.C. (1993), Unified Theory of Reinforced Concrete, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton.
  24. Hsu, T.T.C. and Mo, Y.L. (1985), "Softening of concrete in torsional members-prestressed concrete", ACI J. Pr., 82(5), 603-615.
  25. Jeng, C.H. and Hsu, T.T.C. (2009), "A softened membrane model for torsion in reinforced concrete members", Eng. Struct., 31(9), 1944-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.02.038
  26. Jeng, C.H., Chiu, H.J. and Chen, C.S. (2010), "Modeling the initial stresses in prestressed concrete members under torsion", 2010 Structures Congress, ASCE, 1773-1781.
  27. Jeng, C.H., Chiu, H.J. and Peng, S.F. (2013), "Design formulas for cracking torque and twist in hollow reinforced concrete members", ACI Struct. J., 110(3), 457-468.
  28. Jeng, C.H., Peng, X. and Wong, Y.L. (2011), "Strain gradient effect in RC elements subjected to torsion", Mag. Concrete Res., 63(5), 343-356. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.9.00218
  29. Lopes, S.M.R. and Bernardo, L.F.A. (2009), "Twist behavior of high-strength concrete hollow beams-formation of plastic hinges along the length", Eng. Struct., 31(1), 138-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.08.003
  30. Lopes, S.M.R., Bernardo, L.F.A. and Costa, R.J.T. (2015a), "Reinforced concrete membranes under shear: global behaviour", Exp. Techniq., 39, 30-43.
  31. Lopes, S.M.R., Bernardo, L.F.A. and Costa, R.J.T. (2015b), "Reinforced concrete membranes under shear: ultimate behaviour and influence of thickness", Exp. Techniq., 39, 44-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.2012.00874.x
  32. McMullen, A.E. and El-Degwy, W.M. (1985), "Prestressed concrete tests compared with torsion theories", PCI J., 30(5), 96-127. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.09011985.96.127
  33. Mikame, A., Uchida, K. and Noguchi, H. (1991), "A study of compressive deterioration of cracked concrete", Proceedings of the International Workshop on Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete, Columbia University, New York, N.Y.
  34. Mitchell, D. and Collins, M.P. (1974), "The behavior of structural concrete beams in pure torsion", Civil Engineering Publication No.74-06, Department of civil Engineering, University of Toronto, March.
  35. Miyahara, T., Kawakami, T. and Maekawa, K. (1988), "Nonlinear behavior of cracked reinforced concrete plate element under uniaxial compression", Concrete Lib. Int. JPN Soc. Civil Eng., 11, 306-319.
  36. Mostofinejad, D. and Behzad, T.S. (2011), "Nonlinear modeling of RC beams subjected to torsion using smeared crack model", The Twelfth East Asia-Pasific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction (EASEC-12), Hong Kong SAR, China, January.
  37. Navarro Gregori, J., Sosa, P.M., Prada, M.A.F. and Filippou, F.C. (2007), "A 3D numerical model for reinforced and prestressed concrete elements subjected to combined axial, bending, shear and torsion loading", Eng. Struct., 29(12), 3404-3419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.09.001
  38. NP EN 1992-1-1 (2010), Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures - Part 1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings.
  39. Rahal, K.N. and Collins, M.P. (1996), "Simple model for predicting torsional strength of reinforced and prestressed concrete sections", ACI Struct. J., 93(6), 658-666.
  40. Ueda, M., Noguchi, H., Shirai, N. and Morita, S. (1991), "Introduction to activity of new RC", Proceedings of the International Workshop on Finite Element Analysis of Reinf. Concrete, Columbia Univ., New York, N.Y.
  41. Valipour, H.R. and Foster, S.J. (2010), "Nonlinear analysis of 3D reinforced concrete frames: effect of section torsion on the global response", Struct. Eng. Mech., 36(4), 421-445. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2010.36.4.421
  42. Vecchio, F.J. (2000a), "Disturbed stress field model for reinforced concrete: formulation", J. Struct. Eng., 126(9), 1070-1077. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:9(1070)
  43. Vecchio, F.J. (2000b), "Analysis of shear-critical reinforced concrete beams", Struct. J. Am. Concrete Inst., 97(1), 102-110.
  44. Vecchio, F.J. and Collins, M.P. (1982), "The response of reinforced concrete to in-plane shear and normal stresses", Publication No. 82-03, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
  45. Vecchio, F.J. and Collins, M.P. (1986), "The modified compression-field theory for reinforced concrete elements subjected to shear", J. Am. Concrete Inst., 83(2), 219-231.
  46. Vecchio, F.J., Collins, M.P. and Aspiotis, J. (1994), "High-strength concrete elements subjected to shear", Struct. J. Am. Concrete Inst., 91(4), 423-433.
  47. Wafa, F.F., Shihata, S.A., Ashour, S.A. and Akhtaruzzaman, A.A. (1995), "Prestressed high-strength concrete beams under torsion", J. Struct. Eng., 121(9), 1280-1286. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:9(1280)
  48. Zhang, L.X. and Hsu, T.T.C. (1998), "Behaviour and analysis of 100 MPa concrete membrane elements", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 124(1), 24-34. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:1(24)
  49. Zhu, R.R.H., Hsu, T.T.C. and Lee, J.Y. (2001), "Rational shear modulus for smeared-crack analysis of reinforced concrete", Struct. J. Am. Concrete Inst., 98(4), 443-450.

피인용 문헌

  1. Generalized Softened Variable Angle Truss Model for PC Beams under Torsion vol.12, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-018-0285-0
  2. Efficient refined rotating-angle softened truss model procedure to analyze reinforced concrete membrane elements pp.14644177, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201800012