Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of purified lignin on in vitro rumen metabolism and growth performance of feedlot cattle

  • Wang, Yuxi (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre) ;
  • McAllister, Tim A. (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre) ;
  • Lora, Jairo H. (GreenValue Enterprises LLC)
  • Received : 2016.04.23
  • Accepted : 2016.07.01
  • Published : 2017.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: The objectives were to assess the effects of purified lignin from wheat straw (sodium hydroxide dehydrated lignin; SHDL) on in vitro ruminal fermentation and on the growth performance of feedlot cattle. Methods: In vitro experiments were conducted by incubating a timothy-alfalfa (50:50) forage mixture (48 h) and barley grain (24 h) with 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/mL of rumen fluid (equivalent to 0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 g SHDL/kg diet). Productions of $CH_4$ and total gas, volatile fatty acids, ammonia, dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and digestion of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) or starch were measured. Sixty Hereford-Angus cross weaned steer calves were individually fed a typical barley silage-barley grain based total mixed ration and supplemented with SHDL at 0, 4, 8, and 16 g/kg DM for 70 (growing), 28 (transition), and 121 d (finishing) period. Cattle were slaughtered at the end of the experiment and carcass traits were assessed. Results: With forage, SHDL linearly (p<0.001) reduced 48-h in vitro DMD from 54.9% to 39.2%, NDF disappearance from 34.1% to 18.6% and the acetate: propionate ratio from 2.56 to 2.41, but linearly (p<0.001) increased $CH_4$ production from 9.5 to 12.4 mL/100 mg DMD. With barley grain, SHDL linearly increased (p<0.001) 24-h DMD from74.6% to 84.5%, but linearly (p<0.001) reduced $CH_4$ production from 5.6 to 4.2 mL/100 mg DMD and $NH_3$ accumulation from 9.15 to $4.49{\mu}mol/mL$. Supplementation of SHDL did not affect growth, but tended (p = 0.10) to linearly reduce feed intake, and quadratically increased (p = 0.059) feed efficiency during the finishing period. Addition of SHDL also tended (p = 0.098) to linearly increase the saleable meat yield of the carcass from 52.5% to 55.7%. Conclusion: Purified lignin used as feed additive has potential to improve feed efficiency for finishing feedlot cattle and carcass quality.

Keywords

References

  1. Dibner JJ, Richards JD. Antibiotic growth promoters in agriculture: history and mode of action. Poult Sci 2005;84:634-43. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/84.4.634
  2. Drlica KS, Perlin DS. Antibiotic resistance: understanding and responding to an emerging crisis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press Science; 2011.
  3. Wallace RJ. Antimicrobial properties of plant secondary metabolites. Proc Nutr Soc 2004;63:621-9. https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS2004393
  4. Ogbodo SO, Okeke AC, Ugwuoru CDC, Chukwurah EF. Possible alternatives to reduce antibiotic resistance. Life Sci Med Res 2011; LSMR-24:1-9.
  5. Yitbarek MB. Phytogenics as feed additives in poultry production: a review. Int J Ext Res 2015;3:49-60.
  6. Zeng Z, Zhang S, Wang H, Piao X. Essential oil and aromatic plants as feed additives in non-ruminant nutrition: a review. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015;6:7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-015-0004-5
  7. Lora JH, Glasser WG. Recent industrial applications of lignin: a sustainable alternative to nonrenewable materials. J Polym Environ 2002;10:39-48. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021070006895
  8. Gosselink RJA, de Jong E, Guran B, Abherli A. Co-ordination network for lignin-standardisation, production and applications adapted to market requirements (EUROLIGNIN). Ind Crop Prod 2004;20:121-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.04.015
  9. Transparency Market Research [Internet]. Lignin market - global industry analysis, size, share, growth, trends and forecast, 2015-2023. 2015 [cited 2016 April 15]. Available from: http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/lignin-market.html.
  10. Ugartondo V, Mitjans M, Vinardell MP. Comparative antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of lignins from different sources. Bioresource Technol 2008;99:6683-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.11.038
  11. Dong X, Dong MD, Lu YJ, et al. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of lignin from residue of corn stover to ethanol production. Ind Crop Prod 2011;34:1629-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.06.002
  12. Ayyachamy M, Cliffe FE, Coyne JM, Collier J, Tuohy MG. Lignin: untapped biopolymers in biomass conversion technologies. Biomass Conv Bioref 2013;3:255-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-013-0084-4
  13. Phillip LE, Idziak ES, Kubow S. The potential use of lignin in animal nutrition, and in modifying microbial ecology of the gut. In: Proc 45th East Nutr Conf; 2000 May 13-14; Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Animal Nutrition Association of Canada; 2000. p 165-84.
  14. Wang Y, Marx T, Lora J, McAllister TA, Phillip LE. Effects of purified lignin on in vitro ruminal fermentation and on growth performance, carcass traits and fecal shedding of Escherichia coli by feedlot lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009;151:21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.11.002
  15. Lora JH. Industrial commercial lignins: sources, properties and applications. In: Belgacem MN, Gandinin A, editors. Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Materials. Oxford, UK: Elsevier; 2009. p. 225-42.
  16. Wang Y, Xu Z, Bach SJ, McAllister TA. Effects of phlorotannins from Ascophyllum nodosum (brown seaweed) on ruminal digestion of forage and concentrate diets in vitro. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2008; 145:375-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.03.013
  17. Menke KH, Raab L, Salewski A, et al. The estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feedingstuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro. J Agric Sci (Cambr) 1979;93:217-22. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600086305
  18. Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC). Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals. Vol 1E; Olfert D, Cross BM, McWilliam AA, editors; Ottawa, ON; 2009.
  19. Fedorak PM, Hrudey SE. A simple apparatus for measuring gas production by methanogenic culture in serum bottles. Environ Technol Lett 1983;4:425-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593338309384228
  20. Kouazounde J, Jin L, Assogba F, et al. Effects of essential oils from medicinal plants acclimated to Benin on in vitro ruminal fermentation of grass. J Sci Food Agric 2015;95:1031-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6785
  21. NRC. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. 7th ed. Washington, DC: Natl Acad Sci Press; 1996.
  22. Bailey DRC, Entz T, Fredeen HT, Rahnefeld GW. Operator and machine effects on ultrasonic measurements of beef cows. Livest Prod Sci 1988;18:305-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(88)90038-3
  23. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 1991;74:3583-97. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  24. Herrera-Saldana, RE, Huber JT, Poore MH. Dry matter, crude protein and starch degradability of five cereal grains. J Dairy Sci 1990;73:2386-93. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78922-9
  25. Chaves AV, Thompson LC, Iwaasa AD, et al. Effect of pasture type (alfalfa vs. grass) on methane and carbon dioxide production by yearling beef heifers. Can J Anim Sci 2006;86:409-18. https://doi.org/10.4141/A05-081
  26. SAS Institute. SAS User's Guide. Statistics. Cary, NC: SAS Inst, Inc; 2009.
  27. Jung HG. Inhibition of structural carbohydrate fermentation by forage phenolics. J Sci Food Agric 1985;36:74-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740360204
  28. Hartley RD, Akin DE. Effect of forage cell wall phenolic acids and derivatives on rumen microflora. J Sci Food Agric 1989;49:405-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740490403
  29. Patra AK, Yu Z. Effects of essential oils on methane production and fermentation by, and abundance and diversity of, rumen microbial populations. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012;78:4271-80. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00309-12
  30. Oskoueian E, Abdullah N, Oskoueian A. Effects of flavonoids on rumen fermentation activity, methane production, and microbial population. BioMed Res Int 2013; Article ID 349129.
  31. Beauchemin KA, Kreuzer M, O'Mara F, McAllister TA. Nutritional management for enteric methane abatement: a review. Aust J Exp Agric 2008;48:21-7. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA07199
  32. Oskov ER, Flatt WP, Moe PW. Fermentation balance approach to estimate extent of fermentation and efficiency of volatile fatty acids formation in ruminants. J Dairy Sci 1968;51:1429. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(68)87208-X
  33. Goatcher WD, Church D. C. Taste responses in ruminants. 4. Reactions of pygmy goats, normal goats, sheep and cattle to acetic acid and quinine hydrochloride. J Anim Sci 1970;31:373-82. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1970.312373x
  34. Valencia Z, Chavez ER. Lignin as a purified dietary fiber supplement for piglets. Nutr Res 1997;17:1517-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(97)00148-6
  35. Baurhoo B, Phillip L, Ruiz-Feria CA. Effects of purified lignin and mannanoligosaccharides on intestinal integrity and microbial populations in the ceca and litter of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2007;86:1070-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/86.6.1070
  36. Ricke SC, Van der Aar PJ, Fahey Jr GC, Berger L. Influence of dietary fibres on performance and fermentation characteristics of gut contents from growing chicks. Poult Sci 1982;61:1335-43. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0611335
  37. Yu B, Tsai CC, Hsu JC, Chiou PW. Effect of different sources of dietary fibre on growth performance, intestinal morphology and caecal carbohydrases of domestic geese. Br Poult Sci 1998;39:560-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669888773

Cited by

  1. Natural Phenol Polymers: Recent Advances in Food and Health Applications vol.6, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox6020030
  2. Potential contribution of plants bioactive in ruminant productive performance and their impact on gastrointestinal parasites elimination pp.1572-9680, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-018-0295-6
  3. L. vol.30, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2018.1439795
  4. Hydrolysis lignin as a multifunctional additive in Atlantic salmon feed improves fish growth performance and pellet quality and shifts gut microbiome vol.26, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.13092
  5. Effects of antioxidants and prebiotics as vegetable pellet feed on production performance, hematological parameters and colostrum immunoglobulin content in transition dairy cows vol.20, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2021.1987158