DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic performance of RC bridge piers reinforced with varying yield strength steel

  • Su, Junsheng (Department of Bridge Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Dhakal, Rajesh Prasad (Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury) ;
  • Wang, Junjie (Department of Bridge Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Wang, Wenbiao (Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd.)
  • 투고 : 2016.12.07
  • 심사 : 2017.01.06
  • 발행 : 2017.02.25

초록

This paper experimentally investigates the effect of yield strength of reinforcing bars and stirrups on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) circular piers. Reversed cyclic loading tests of nine-large scale specimens with longitudinal and transverse reinforcement of different yield strengths (varying between HRB335, HRB500E and HRB600 rebars) were conducted. The test parameters include the yield strength and amount of longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. The results indicate that the adoption of high-strength steel (HSS) reinforcement HRB500E and HRB600 (to replace HRB335) as longitudinal bars without reducing the steel area (i.e., equal volume replacement) is found to increase the moment resistance (as expected) and the total deformation capacity while reducing the residual displacement, ductility and energy dissipation capacity to some extent. Higher strength stirrups enhance the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of RC bridge piers. While the product of steel yield strength and reinforcement ratio ($f_y{\rho}_s$) is kept constant (i.e., equal strength replacement), the piers with higher yield strength longitudinal bars are found to achieve as good seismic performance as when lower strength bars are used. When higher yield strength transverse reinforcement is to be used to maintain equal strength, reducing bar diameter is found to be a better approach than increasing the tie spacing.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : China Scholarship Council, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Guizhou Province Science and Technology Department

참고문헌

  1. AASHTO (2011), AASHTO guide specifications for LRFD seismic bridge design, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington DC.
  2. AASHTO (2014), AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications, (6th Edition), American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington DC.
  3. ACI 318 (2014), 318-14: Building code requirements for structural concrete, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI.
  4. AIJ Standard (2010), Standard for structural calculation of reinforced concrete structures-based on allowable stress concept, Architectural Institute of Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
  5. Aoyama, H. (2001), Design of Modern Highrise Reinforced Concrete Structures, Imperial College Press, London, UK.
  6. AS/NZS 4671 (2001), Steel reinforcing materials, Australian/New Zealand Standard, Sydney/Wellington, Australia/New Zealand.
  7. ASTM A615 (2014), Standard specification for deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  8. ASTM A706 (2014), Standard specification for deformed and plain low-alloy steel bars for concrete reinforcement, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  9. Azizinamini, A., Kuska, S.S.B., Brungardt, P. and Hatfield, E. (1994), "Seismic behavior of square high-strength concrete columns", ACI Struct. J., 91(3), 336-345.
  10. Barbosa, A.R., Link, T. and Trejo, D. (2015), "Seismic performance of high-strength steel RC bridge columns", J. Bridge Eng., 21(2), 04015044.
  11. Bayrak, O. and Sheikh, S.A. (2004), "Seismic performance of high strength concrete columns confined with high strength steel", 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, BC, August.
  12. Berry, M.P. and Eberhard, M.O. (2008), Performance modeling strategies for modern reinforced concrete bridge columns, Rep. No. PEER 2007/07, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA.
  13. Bing, L., Park, R. and Tanaka, H. (2001), "Stress-strain behavior of high-strength concrete confined by ultra-high-and normalstrength transverse reinforcements", ACI Struct. J., 98(3), 395-406.
  14. CEN (2004), Design of concrete structures: part 1-1: general rules and rules for buildings, Comite Europeen de Normalisation/European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium.
  15. CEN-FIP (2013), fib Model code for concrete structures 2010, Federation Internationale du Beton/International Federation for Structural Concrete (fib), Lausanne, Switzerland.
  16. Cheng, M.Y. and Giduquio, M.B. (2014), "Cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete flexural members using high-strength flexural reinforcement", ACI Struct. J., 111(4), 893-902.
  17. Civil and structural groups of Tsinghua University, Xi'an Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiaotong University (2008), "Analysis on seismic damage of buildings in the Wenchuan Earthquake", J. Build. Struct., 29(4), 1-9.
  18. Clemena, G.G. and Virmani, Y.P. (2004), "Comparing the chloride resistances of reinforcing bars", Concrete Int., 26(11), 39-49.
  19. Ehsani, M. and Wight, J. (1990), "Confinement steel requirements for connections in ductile frames", J. Struct. Eng., 116(3), 751-767. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:3(751)
  20. Fu, J., Wu, Y. and Yang, Y.b. (2015), "Effect of reinforcement strength on seismic behavior of concrete moment frames", Earthq. Struct., 9(4), 699-718. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.9.4.699
  21. GB 1499.2 (2007), Steel for the reinforcement of concrete-part 2: hot rolled ribbed bars. Standardization Administration of the People' Republic of China & General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
  22. GB 50010 (2010), Code for design of concrete structures, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Beijing, China.
  23. GB 50011 (2010), Code for seismic design of buildings, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, Beijing, China.
  24. GB/T228.1 (2010), Metallic materials-tensile testing-part 1: method of test at room temperature, Standardization Administration of the People' Republic of China & General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
  25. GB/T50152 (2012), Standard for test method of concrete structures, China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing, China.
  26. Gosain, N.K., Brown, R.H. and Jersa, J. (1977), "Shear requirements for load reversals on RC members", J. Struct. Div., 103(7),1461-1476.
  27. Harries, K.A., Shahrooz, B.M. and Soltani, A. (2011), "Flexural crack widths in concrete girders with high-strength reinforcement", J. Bridge Eng., 17(5), 804-812. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000306
  28. JIS G 3112 (2010), Steel bars for concrete reinforcement, Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, Tokyo, Japan.
  29. Joint ACI-ASCE Committee (1997), "High-Strength Concrete Columns: State of the Art", Rep. No. ACI 441R-96, ACI Struct. J., 94(6), 323-335.
  30. Khaloo, A.R. and Bozorgzadeh, A. (2001), "Influence of confining hoop flexural stiffness on behavior of high-strength lightweight concrete columns", ACI Struct. J., 98(5), 657-664.
  31. Lin, C.H. and Lee, F.S. (2001), "Ductility of high-performance concrete beams with high-strength lateral reinforcement", ACI Struct. J., 98(4), 600-608.
  32. Miyajima, M. (2010), "The Japanese experience in design and application of seismic grade rebar", Proceedings of Int. Seminar on Production and Application of High Strength Seismic Grade Rebar Containing Vanadium, Beijing, June.
  33. Nishiyama, M. (2009), "Mechanical properties of concrete and reinforcement state-of-the-art report on HSC and HSS in Japan", J. Adv. Concrete Tech., 7(2), 157-182. https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.7.157
  34. NZS 3101 (2006), Concrete structures standard-part 1: the design of concrete structures, New Zealand Standard, Wellington, New Zealand.
  35. Park, R. (1989), "Evaluation of ductility of structures and structural assemblages from laboratory testing", B. New Zeal. Natl. Soc. Earthq. Eng., 22(3), 155-166.
  36. Paulay, T., Priestley, M. and Synge, A. (1982), "Ductility in earthquake resisting squat shearwalls", ACI Struct. J., 79(4), 257-269.
  37. Paultre, P., Legeron, F. and Mongeau, D. (2001), "Influence of concrete strength and transverse reinforcement yield strength on behavior of high-strength concrete columns", ACI Struct. J., 98(4), 490-501.
  38. Rautenberg, J.M., Pujol, S., Tavallali, H. and Lepage, A. (2012), "Reconsidering the use of high-strength reinforcement in concrete columns", Eng. Struct., 37, 135-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.12.036
  39. Rautenberg, J.M., Pujol, S., Tavallali, H. and Lepage, A. (2013), "Drift capacity of concrete columns reinforced with highstrength steel", ACI Struct. J., 110(2), 307-317.
  40. Razvi, S.R. and Saatcioglu, M. (1994), "Strength and deformability of confined high-strength concrete columns", ACI Struct. J., 91(6), 678-687.
  41. Shahrooz, B.M., Reis, J.M., Wells, E.L., Miller, R.A., Harries, K.A. and Russell, H.G. (2013), "Flexural members with highstrength reinforcement: behavior and code implications", J. Bridge Eng., 19(5), 04014003. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000571
  42. Sheikh, S.A. and Khoury, S.S. (1993), "Confined concrete columns with stubs", ACI Struct. J., 90(4), 414-431.
  43. Shin, H.O., Yoon, Y.S., Cook, W.D. and Mitchell, D. (2016), "Axial load response of ultra-high-strength concrete columns and high-strength reinforcement", ACI Struct. J., 113(2), 325-336.
  44. Soltani, A., Harries, K.A. and Shahrooz, B.M. (2013), "Crack opening behavior of concrete reinforced with high strength reinforcing steel", Int. J. Concrete Struct. Mater., 7(4), 253-264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-013-0054-z
  45. Su, J., Wang, J., Bai, Z., Wang, W. and Zhao, D. (2015), "Influence of reinforcement buckling on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete columns", Eng. Struct., 103, 174-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.09.007
  46. Tavallali, H., Lepage, A., Rautenberg, J.M. and Pujol, S. (2014), "Concrete beams reinforced with high-strength steel subjected to displacement reversals", ACI Struct. J., 111(5), 1037-1047.
  47. Thomson, J.H. and Wallace, J.W. (1994), "Lateral load behavior of reinforced concrete columns constructed using high-strength materials", ACI Struct. J., 91(5), 605-615.
  48. Trejo, D. and Monteiro, P.J. (2005), "Corrosion performance of conventional (ASTM A615) and low-alloy (ASTM A706) reinforcing bars embedded in concrete and exposed to chloride environments", Cement Concrete Res., 35(3), 562-571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.06.004
  49. Trejo, D. and Pillai, R.G. (2003), "Accelerated chloride threshold testing: Part I-ASTM A 615 and A 706 reinforcement", ACI Mater. J., 100(6), 519-527.
  50. Trejo, D. and Pillai, R.G. (2004), "Accelerated chloride threshold testing: Part II-corrosion-resistant reinforcement", ACI Mater. J., 101(1), 57-64.
  51. Xiao, X., Guan, F. and Yan, S. (2008), "Use of ultra-high-strength bars for seismic performance of rectangular high-strength concrete frame columns", Mag. Concrete Res., 60(4), 253-259. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2008.60.4.253

피인용 문헌

  1. Seismic Performance Evaluation of Footing-to-Circular RC Pier Connection Reinforced by High-Manganese Steel Bars (HMSBs) vol.2018, pp.1687-8094, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4579869
  2. Required tie spacing to prevent inelastic local buckling of longitudinal reinforcements in RC and FRC elements vol.160, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.01.048
  3. Experimental and numerical investigation of the seismic performance of railway piers with increasing longitudinal steel in plastic hinge area vol.17, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.17.6.545
  4. Numerical simulation and damage analysis of RC bridge piers reinforced with varying yield strength steel reinforcement vol.130, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106007