DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

State-Aware Re-configuration Model for Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks

  • Zakaria, Omar M. (Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia) ;
  • Hashim, Aisha-Hassan Abdalla (Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia) ;
  • Hassan, Wan Haslina (Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) ;
  • Khalifa, Othman Omran (Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia) ;
  • Azram, Mohammad (Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Sultan Qaboos University) ;
  • Goudarzi, Shidrokh (Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) ;
  • Jivanadham, Lalitha Bhavani (Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) ;
  • Zareei, Mahdi (School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey)
  • Received : 2016.04.08
  • Accepted : 2016.12.03
  • Published : 2017.01.31

Abstract

Joint channel assignment and routing is a well-known problem in multi-radio wireless mesh networks for which optimal configurations is required to optimize the overall throughput and fairness. However, other objectives need to be considered in order to provide a high quality service to network users when it deployed with high traffic dynamic. In this paper, we propose a re-configuration optimization model that optimizes the network throughput in addition to reducing the disruption to the mesh clients' traffic due to the re-configuration process. In this multi-objective optimization model, four objective functions are proposed to be minimized namely maximum link-channel utilization, network average contention, channel re-assignment cost, and re-routing cost. The latter two objectives focus on reducing the re-configuration overhead. This is to reduce the amount of disrupted traffic due to the channel switching and path re-routing resulted from applying the new configuration. In order to adapt to traffic dynamics in the network which might be caused by many factors i.e. users' mobility, a centralized heuristic re-configuration algorithm called State-Aware Joint Routing and Channel Assignment (SA-JRCA) is proposed in this research based on our re-configuration model. The proposed algorithm re-assigns channels to radios and re-configures flows' routes with aim of achieving a tradeoff between maximizing the network throughput and minimizing the re-configuration overhead. The ns-2 simulator is used as simulation tool and various metrics are evaluated. These metrics include channel-link utilization, channel re-assignment cost, re-routing cost, throughput, and delay. Simulation results show the good performance of SA-JRCA in term of packet delivery ratio, aggregated throughput and re-configuration overhead. It also shows higher stability to the traffic variation in comparison with other compared algorithms which suffer from performance degradation when high traffic dynamics is applied.

Keywords

References

  1. I. Akyildiz, and X. Wang, Wireless mesh networks: John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
  2. W. Pak, and S. Bahk, "Traffic Flow Estimation based Channel Assignment for Wireless Mesh Networks," TIIS, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 68-82, 2011.
  3. M.K. Hossain, T.C. Keong, L.C. Kwang and Y.C. Yeow. "A Dynamic Channel Switching Policy Through P-learning for Wireless Mesh Networks," KSII Transactions on Internet & information Systems, vol.10, no. 2, pp.608-627, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3837/tiis.2016.02.010
  4. J. Wang and W. Shi. "Partially overlapped channels-and flow-based end-to-end channel assignment for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks," China Communications, vol. 13, no. 4, pp.1-13, 2016.
  5. A.U. Chaudhry, R.H. Hafez and J.W. Chinneck. "Realistic interference-free channel assignment for dynamic wireless mesh networks using beamforming," Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 51, pp.21-35, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2016.08.001
  6. A. Raniwala, K. Gopalan, and T.-c. Chiueh, "Centralized channel assignment and routing algorithms for multi-channel wireless mesh networks," ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 50-65, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1145/997122.997130
  7. A. Mohsenian-Rad, and V. Wong, "Joint logical topology design, interface assignment, channel allocation, and routing for multi-channel wireless mesh networks," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 4432-4440, 2007.
  8. S. Avallone, I. F. Akyildiz, and G. Ventre, "A channel and rate assignment algorithm and a layer-2.5 forwarding paradigm for multi-radio wireless mesh networks," IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 267-280, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNET.2008.918091
  9. X. Huang, S.-l. Feng, and H.-c. Zhuang, "Cross-layer fair resources allocation for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks," in Proc. of 5th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, pp. 1-5, 2009.
  10. V. Gardellin, S. K. Das, L. Lenzini, C. Cicconetti, and E. Mingozzi, "G-PaMeLA: A divide-and-conquer approach for joint channel assignment and routing in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks," Journal of parallel and distributed computing, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 381-396, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2010.10.008
  11. T.-Y. Lin, K.-C. Hsieh, and H.-C. Huang, "Applying genetic algorithms for multi-radio wireless mesh network planning," Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 2256-2270, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2012.2191166
  12. J. Wellons, and Y. Xue, "The robust joint solution for channel assignment and routing for wireless mesh networks with time partitioning," Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 13, pp. 210-221, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2011.05.002
  13. M. Alicherry, R. Bhatia, and L. E. Li, "Joint Channel Assignment and Routing for Throughput Optimization in Multiradio Wireless Mesh Networks," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 24, no. 11, pp. 1960-1971, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2006.881641
  14. L. Farzinvash and M. Dehghan, "A cross-layer approach for multi-layer multicast routing in multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks," International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing, vol. 21, no. 1, pp.26-40, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAHUC.2016.074387
  15. S. Avallone and A. Banchs, "A channel assignment and routing algorithm for energy harvesting multiradio wireless mesh networks," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 34, no. 5, pp.1463-1476, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2016.2520238
  16. A.R. Ulucinar and I. Korpeoglu, "Distributed joint flow-radio and channel assignment using partially overlapping channels in multi-radio wireless mesh networks," Wireless Networks, vol. 22, no. 1, pp.83-104, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-0954-8
  17. D.G. Narayan and U. Mudenagudi, "A Cross-Layer Framework for Joint Routing and Resource Management in Multi-radio Infrastructure Wireless Mesh Networks," Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, pp.1-17, 2016.
  18. XU. Yi-Han, W. U. Yin, and S. O. N. G. Jun, "A Routing Metric to Improve Route Stability in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks," KSII Transactions on Internet & information Systems vol.10, no. 5, 2016.
  19. X. Shao, R. Wang, H. Huang, and L. Sun, "Load Balanced Coding Aware Multipath Routing for Wireless Mesh Networks," Chin. J. Electron, vol. 24, pp.8-12, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1049/cje.2015.01.002
  20. S. Zhuo, Z. Wang, Y. Q. Song, Z. Wang, and L. Almeida, "A Traffic Adaptive Multi-channel MAC Protocol with Dynamic Slot Allocation for WSNs," IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 15 no. 7, pp.1600-1613, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2015.2473852
  21. J.Avonts and c. Blondia, "A framework to compare topology algorithms in multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks," Computer Networks, vol. 98, pp.89-108, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2016.02.002
  22. E.N. Maleki and G. Mirjalily, "Fault-tolerant interference-aware topology control in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks," Computer Networks, vol. 110, pp.206-222, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2016.08.026
  23. X. Bao, L. Han, C. Deng, H. Zhang and W. Tan, "Robust topology construction method with radio interface constraint for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh network using directional antennas," International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 12, no. 9, 2016.
  24. S. Iqbal, A. H. Abdullah, K. Hussain, and F. Ahsan, "Channel Allocation in Multi-radio Multi-channel Wireless Mesh Networks: A Categorized Survey," KSII Transactions on Internet & information Systems, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 1642-1661, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3837/tiis.2015.05.005
  25. W. Si, S. Selvakennedy, and A. Y. Zomaya, "An overview of channel assignment methods for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks," Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, vol. 70, no. 5, pp. 505-524, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2009.09.011
  26. H.A. Mogaibel, M. Othman, S. Subramaniam and N.A.W.A. Hamid, "Review of channel assignment approaches in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh network," Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 72, pp.113-139, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2016.06.008
  27. A. Musaddiq, F. Hashim, C.A.B.C. Ujang and B.M. Ali, "Survey of channel assignment algorithms for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks," IETE Technical Review, vol. 32, no. 3, pp.164-182, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1080/02564602.2014.999722
  28. A.A. Al Islam, M.J. Islam, N. Nurain and V. Raghunathan. "Channel Assignment Techniques for Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks: A Survey," IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 18, no. 2, pp.988-1017, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2015.2510164
  29. O. M. Zakaria, A. H. A. Hashim, W. H. Hassan, O. O. Khalifa, M. Azram, L. B. Jivanadham, M. L. Sanni, and M. Zareei, "Joint Channel Assignment and Routing in Multiradio Multichannel Wireless Mesh Networks: Design Considerations and Approaches," Journal of Computer Networks and Communications, vol. 2016, pp. 24, 2016.
  30. Y. Qu, B. Ng and W. Seah, "A survey of routing and channel assignment in multi-channel multi-radio WMNs," Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 65, pp.120-130, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2016.02.017
  31. S. Avallone and A. Banchs, "A channel assignment and routing algorithm for energy harvesting multiradio wireless mesh networks," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 34, no. 5, pp.1463-1476, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2016.2520238
  32. I. I. CPLEX, "V12. 1: User's Manual for CPLEX," International Business Machines Corporation, vol. 46, no. 53, pp. 157, 2009.
  33. N. Sadeghianpour, T. C. Chuah, and S. W. Tan, "Joint channel assignment and routing in multiradio multichannel wireless mesh networks with directional antennas," International Journal of Communication Systems, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 1521-1536, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.2731
  34. C. Cicconetti, V. Gardellin, L. Lenzini, and E. Mingozzi, "PaMeLA: A joint channel assignment and routing algorithm for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks with grid topology," in Proc. of 6th International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, pp. 199-207, 2009.
  35. J. J. Galvez, and P. M. Ruiz, "Efficient rate allocation, routing and channel assignment in wireless mesh networks supporting dynamic traffic flows," Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1765-1781, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2013.04.002
  36. J. J. Galvez, and P. M. Ruiz, "Joint link rate allocation, routing and channel assignment in multi-rate multi-channel wireless networks," Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 29, pp. 78-98, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2015.02.002
  37. M. Nekoui, A. Ghiamatyoun, S. N. Esfahani, and M. Soltan, "Iterative cross layer schemes for throughput maximization in multi-channel wireless mesh networks," in Proc. of 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, pp. 1088-1092, 2007.
  38. A. A. Franklin, A. Balachandran, and C. S. R. Murthy, "Online reconfiguration of channel assignment in multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks," Computer Communications, vol. 35, no. 16, pp. 2004-2013, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2012.04.006
  39. M. Kodialam, and T. Nandagopal, "Characterizing the capacity region in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks," in Proc. of the 11th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking pp. 73-87, 2005.
  40. X.-Y. Li, A. Nusairat, Y. Wu, Y. Qi, J. Zhao, X. Chu, and Y. Liu, "Joint throughput optimization for wireless mesh networks," Mobile Computing, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 895-909, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2008.160
  41. H. Li, Y. Cheng, C. Zhou, and P. Wan, "Multi-dimensional conflict graph based computing for optimal capacity in MR-MC wireless networks," in Proc. of IEEE 30th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp. 774-783, 2010.
  42. X. Meng, K. Tan, and Q. Zhang, "Joint routing and channel assignment in multi-radio wireless mesh networks," in Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, pp. 3596-3601m 2006.
  43. S. Avallone, F. P. D'Elia, and G. Ventre, "A traffic-aware channel re-assignment algorithm for wireless mesh networks," in Proc. of Wireless Conference (EW), 2010 European, pp. 683-688, 2010.
  44. J. J. Galvez, P. M. Ruiz, and A. Gomez-Skarmeta, "Responsive Online Load-Balancing Routing and Load-aware Channel Re-Assignment in Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks," University of Murcia, Spain, Tech. Rep, 2011.
  45. J. J. Galvez, P. M. Ruiz, and A. F. G. Skarmeta, "TCP flow-aware Channel Re-Assignment in Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks," in Proc. of IEEE Eighth International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Sensor Systems, pp. 262-271, 2010.
  46. S. Avallone, G. Stasi, and A. Kassler, "A traffic-aware channel and rate reassignment algorithm for wireless mesh networks," IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 1335-1348, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2012.107
  47. A. Kanagasabapathy, A. A. Franklin, and C. Murthy, "An adaptive channel reconfiguration algorithm for multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 9, no. 10, pp. 3064-3071, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2010.080210.090567
  48. S. Arkoulis, E. Anifantis, V. Karyotis, S. Papavassiliou, and N. Mitrou, "On the optimal, fair and channel-aware cognitive radio network reconfiguration," Computer Networks, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 1739-1757, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2013.03.004
  49. Y. Zhou, S.-H. Chung, and H.-Y. Jeong, "Reconfiguring Multi-Rate Wi-Fi Mesh Networks with Flow Disruption Constraints," Dynamics in Logistics, pp. 383-393: Springer, 2013.
  50. F. Herzel, G. Fischer, and H. Gustat, "An integrated CMOS RF synthesizer for 802.11 a wireless LAN," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 1767-1770, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2003.817601
  51. M. Yun, Y. Zhou, A. Arora, and H.-A. Choi, "Channel-assignment and scheduling in wireless mesh networks considering switching overhead," in Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, pp. 1-6, 2009.
  52. P. Li, N. Scalabrino, Y. Fang, E. Gregori, and I. Chlamtac, "How to effectively use multiple channels in wireless mesh networks," IEEE Transactions on, vol Parallel and Distributed Systems, 20, no. 11, pp. 1641-1652, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPDS.2008.256
  53. S. Avallone, and G. Di Stasi, "An experimental study of the channel switching cost in multi-radio wireless mesh networks," IEEE Communications Magazin,, vol. 51, no. 9, pp. 124-134, 2013.
  54. A. Iyer, C. Rosenberg, and A. Karnik, "What is the right model for wireless channel interference?," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 2662-2671, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2009.080720
  55. H. W. Kuhn, "The Hungarian method for the assignment problem," Naval research logistics quarterly, vol. 2, no. 1‐2, pp. 83-97, 1955. https://doi.org/10.1002/nav.3800020109
  56. R. Jain, D.-M. Chiu, and W. Hawe, "A quantitative measure of fairness and discrimination for resource allocation in shared computer systems," Hudson, MA: Eastern Research Laboratory, Digital Equipment Corporation 1984.
  57. C. Spearman, "The proof and measurement of association between two things," The American journal of psychology, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 72-101, 1904. https://doi.org/10.2307/1412159

Cited by

  1. Joint Channel Assignment and Power Allocation Based on Maximum Concurrent Multicommodity Flow in Cognitive Radio Networks vol.2018, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3545946