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Optimal Operation Schedule of Semi-Fixed PV System and Its Effect on PV Power Generation Efficiency

반고정식 PV 시스템의 운영 스케줄 도출 및 그에 따른 발전 효율 변화 고찰

  • Kwak, In-Kyu (Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Seoul) ;
  • Mun, Sun-Hye (Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Seoul) ;
  • Huh, Jung-Ho (Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Seoul)
  • 곽인규 (서울시립대학교 건축공학과) ;
  • 문선혜 (서울시립대학교 건축공학과) ;
  • 허정호 (서울시립대학교 건축공학과)
  • Received : 2017.10.31
  • Accepted : 2017.12.21
  • Published : 2017.12.30

Abstract

The amount of solar irradiation obtained by a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel is the major factor determining the power generated by a PV system, and the array tilt angle is critical for maximizing panel radiation acquisition. There are three types of PV systems based on the manner of setting the array tilt angle: fixed, semi-fixed, and tracking systems. A fixed system cannot respond to seasonal solar altitude angle changes, and therefore cannot absorb the maximum available solar radiation. The tracking system continually adjusts the tilt angle to absorb the maximum available radiation, but requires additional cost for equipment, installation, operation, and maintenance. The semi-fixed system is only adjusted periodically (usually seasonally) to obtain more energy than a fixed system at an overall cost that is less than a tracking system. To maximize semi-fixed system efficiency, determining the optimal tilt angle adjustment schedule are required. In this research, we conducted a simulation to derive an optimal operation schedule for a semi-fixed system in Seoul, Korea (latitude $37.5^{\circ}$). We implemented a solar radiation acquisition model and PV genereation model on MATLAB. The optimal operation schedule was derived by changing the number of tilt angle adjustments throughout a year using a Dynamic Algorithm. The results show that adjusting the tilt angle 4 times a year was the most appropriate. and then, generation amount of PV system increased 2.80% compared with the fixed system. This corresponds to 99% compared to daily adjustment model. This increase would be quite valid as the PV system installation area increased.

Keywords

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