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The Pathogenicity and Biochemical Characteristics of Vibrio harveyi Isolated from the Pacific Abalone, Haliotis discus hannai

양식 전복(Haliotis discus hannai)으로부터 분리된 Vibrio harveyi의 생화학적 특성 및 병원성

  • Kim, Jin-Do (SSFRI, National Institute Fisheries Science) ;
  • Kim, Myoung-Sug (Pathology Division, National Institute Fisheries Science) ;
  • Won, Kyung-Mi (Pathology Division, National Institute Fisheries Science) ;
  • Do, Jeong-Wan (Pathology Division, National Institute Fisheries Science) ;
  • Lee, Deok Chan (Pathology Division, National Institute Fisheries Science) ;
  • Jung, Sung Hee (Pathology Division, National Institute Fisheries Science) ;
  • Jin, Se Yoon (SSFRI, National Institute Fisheries Science) ;
  • Lee, Nam-Sil (Pathology Division, National Institute Fisheries Science) ;
  • Cho, Miyoung (Pathology Division, National Institute Fisheries Science)
  • 김진도 (국립수산과학원 남해수산연구소) ;
  • 김명석 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 원경미 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 도정완 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 이덕찬 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 정승희 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 진세윤 (국립수산과학원 남해수산연구소) ;
  • 이남실 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 조미영 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과)
  • Received : 2017.12.06
  • Accepted : 2017.12.14
  • Published : 2017.12.31

Abstract

Recently, mass mortality of the young abalone Haliotis discus hannai has occurred in commercial seed production farms in Korea. The mortality rate was above 50% of the total cultured organisms in the farm, and the shell length of the moribund organisms was about 3cm. The mortal phenomenon was that the young abalones were weakly scattered on the bottom of the pond from the attachment matrix, or that they could not be moved back to their normal positions. The diseased farmed Pacific abalone had abdominal edema. From the edema in the moribund individuals, three bacterial strains were isolated and all the strains were identified as Vibrio harveyi. These strains were compared with thirty six strains isolated from the fish. The results was that the Vibrio harveyi from the fish were sorted into genogroup A or B; however, the three strains of the diseased farmed Pacific abalone were sorted into genogroup A and the new genogroup C. The identical mortality and pathological symptoms of the naturally infected organisms were reproduced by artificial infection with WA AG-1 and WA CS-5 strains. The $LD_{50}$ of WA AG-1 and WA CS-5 were each $1.0{\times}10^3cfu\;animal^{-1}$ and $1.7{\times}10^4cfu\;animal^{-1}$.

최근 어린 전복의 대량 폐사가 국내의 전복 종묘 양식장에서 발생하였다. 죽은 어린 전복의 마리 수는 전체 사육 마리 수의 약 50% 이상이었으며, 그 크기는 각장 3 cm 전후였다. 폐사의 현상은 어린 전복이 부착 기질로부터 탈락되어 힘이 없이 바닥에 깔려 있거나, 뒤집어진 상태에서 스스로 일어나지 못하였다. 이러한 개체들은 대부분 근육에 수포를 형성하고 있는 병리학적 특징을 나타내었다. 폐사 직전의 전복으로부터 3개의 균이 분리되었으며, 이들은 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석에 의해 모두 V. harveyi로 동정되었다. 또한 이들을 어류에서 분리된 V. harveyi 36개의 균들과 염기서열을 비교 분석한 결과, 어류에서 분리된 V. harveyi는 genogroup a와 b로 구별되며, 전복에서 분리된 3균주는 genogroup a와 새로운 genogroup c에 속하였다. 그중 WA AG-1과 WA CS-5 균을 건강한 전복에 인위 감염시킨 결과, 자연 감염된 개체와 같은 외부 및 병리조직학적 증상을 나타내면서 폐사하였으며, 그 반수 치사농도는 각각 $1.0{\times}10^3cfu\;animal^{-1}$$1.7{\times}10^4cfu\;animal^{-1}$이었다.

Keywords

References

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