Earthquakes and Structures

  • 제13권4호
  • /
  • Pages.377-386
  • /
  • 2017
  • /
  • 2092-7614(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-7622(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

3D FEM analysis of earthquake induced pounding responses between asymmetric buildings

  • Bi, Kaiming (Center for Infrastructure Monitoring and Protection, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University) ;
  • Hao, Hong (Center for Infrastructure Monitoring and Protection, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University) ;
  • Sun, Zhiguo (Department of Disaster Prevention Engineering, Institute of Disaster Prevention)
  • 투고 : 2017.05.07
  • 심사 : 2017.11.30
  • 발행 : 2017.10.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Earthquake-induced pounding damages to building structures were repeatedly observed in many previous major earthquakes. Extensive researches have been carried out in this field. Previous studies mainly focused on the regular shaped buildings and each building was normally simplified as a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system or a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system by assuming the masses of the building lumped at the floor levels. The researches on the pounding responses between irregular asymmetric buildings are rare. For the asymmetric buildings subjected to earthquake loading, torsional vibration modes of the structures are excited, which in turn may significantly change the structural responses. Moreover, contact element was normally used to consider the pounding phenomenon in previous studies, which may result in inaccurate estimations of the structural responses since this method is based on the point-to-point pounding assumption with the predetermined pounding locations. In reality, poundings may take place between any locations. In other words, the pounding locations cannot be predefined. To more realistically consider the arbitrary poundings between asymmetric structures, detailed three-dimensional (3D) finite element models (FEM) and arbitrary pounding algorithm are necessary. This paper carries out numerical simulations on the pounding responses between a symmetric rectangular-shaped building and an asymmetric L-shaped building by using the explicit finite element code LS-DYNA. The detailed 3D FEMs are developed and arbitrary 3D pounding locations between these two buildings under bi-directional earthquake ground motions are investigated. Special attention is paid to the relative locations of two adjacent buildings. The influences of the left-and-right, fore-and-aft relative locations and separation gap between the two buildings on the pounding responses are systematically investigated.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Anagnostopoulos, S.A. (1988), "Pounding of buildings in series during earthquakes", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 16(3), 443-456. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290160311
  2. Bi, K. and Hao, H. (2012), "Modelling and simulation of spatially varying earthquake ground motions at sites with varying conditions", Probabilist. Eng. Mech., 29, 92-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2011.09.002
  3. Bi, K. and Hao, H. (2013), "Numerical simulation of pounding damage to bridge structures under spatially varying ground motions", Eng. Struct., 46, 62-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.07.012
  4. Bi, K. and Hao, H. (2015), "Modelling of shear keys in bridge structures under seismic loads", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 74, 56-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.03.013
  5. Bi, K., Hao, H. and Chouw, N. (2013), "3D FEM analysis of pounding response of bridge structures at a canyon site to spatially varying ground motions", Adv. Struct. Eng., 16(4), 619-640. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.16.4.619
  6. Chau, K.T. and Wei, X.X. (2001), "Pounding of structures modelled as nonlinear impacts of two oscillators", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 30(5), 633-651. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.27
  7. Chau, K.T., Wei, X.X., Guo, C. and Shen, C.Y. (2003), "Experimental and theoretical simulations of seismic poundings between adjacent structures", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 32(4), 537-554. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.231
  8. Chouw, N. and Hao, H. (2012), "Pounding damage to buildings and bridges in the 22 February 2011 christchurch earthquake", J. Protect. Struct., 3(2), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.1260/2041-4196.3.2.123
  9. Cole, G., Dhakal, R., Carr, A. and Bull, D. (2011), "An investigation of the effects of mass distribution on pounding structures", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 40(6), 641-659. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1052
  10. Cole, G.L., Dhakal, R.P. and Turner, F.M. (2012), "Building pounding damage observed in the 2011 christchurch earthquake", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 41(5), 893-913. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1164
  11. Davis, R.O. (1992), "Pounding of buildings modelled by an impact oscillator", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 21(3) 253-274. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290210305
  12. Efraimiadou, S., Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. and Beskos, D. (2013a), "Structural pounding between adjacent buildings subjected to strong ground motions. Part I: The effect of different structures arrangement", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 42(10), 1509-1528. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2285
  13. Efraimiadou, S., Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. and Beskos, D. (2013b), "Structural pounding between adjacent buildings subjected to strong ground motions. Part II: The effect of multiple earthquakes", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 42(10),1529-1545. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2284
  14. Favvata, M.J. (2017), "Minimum required separation gap for adjacent RC frames with potential inter-story seismic pounding", Eng. Struct., 152, 643-659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.09.025
  15. Filiatrault, A., Cervantes, M., Folz, B. and Prion, H. (1994), "Pounding of buildings during earthquakes: A Canadian perspective", Can. J. Civil Eng., 21(2), 251-265. https://doi.org/10.1139/l94-028
  16. Fiore, A., Marano, G.C. and Monaco, P (2013), "Earthquake-induced lateral-torsional pounding between two equal height multi-story buildings under multiple bi-directional ground motions", Adv. Struct. Eng., 16(5), 845-865. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.16.5.845
  17. Ghandil, M., and Aldaikh, H. (2017), "Damage-based seismic planar pounding analysis of adjacent symmetric buildings considering inelastic structure-soil-structure interaction", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 46, 1141-1159. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2848
  18. Goldsmith, W. (1960), Impact: The Theory and Physical Behavior of Colliding Solids, Edward Arnold, London, U.K.
  19. Gong, L. and Hao, H. (2005), "Analysis of coupled lateral-torsional-pounding responses of one-story asymmetric adjacent structures subjected to bi-directional ground motions. Part I: Uniform ground motion input", Adv. Struct. Eng., 8(5), 463-479. https://doi.org/10.1260/136943305774858043
  20. Guo, A., Li, Z. and Li, H. (2011), "Point-to-surface pounding of highway bridges with deck rotation subjected to bi-directional earthquake excitations", J. Earthq. Eng., 15(2), 274-302. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632461003739730
  21. Hao, H. (2015), "Analysis of seismic pounding between adjacent buildings", Austr. J. Struct. Eng., 16(3), 208-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13287982.2015.1092684
  22. Hao, H. and Gong, L. (2005), "Analysis of coupled lateral-torsional-pounding responses of one-story asymmetric adjacent structures subjected to bi-directional ground motions. Part II: Spatially varying ground motion input", Adv. Struct. Eng., 8(5), 481-495. https://doi.org/10.1260/136943305774857990
  23. Hao, H., Bi, K., Chouw, N. and Ren, W.X. (2013), "State-of-the-art review on seismic induced pounding response of bridge structures", J. Earthq. Tsunami, 7(3), 1350019. https://doi.org/10.1142/S179343111350019X
  24. Hao, H., Liu, X.Y. and Shen, J. (2000), "Pounding response of adjacent buildings subjected to spatial earthquake ground motions", Adv. Struct. Eng., 3(3), 145-162. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369433001502094
  25. He, L., Shrestha, B., Hao, H., Bi, K. and Ren, W.X. (2017), "Experimental and three-dimensional finite element method studies on pounding responses of bridge structures subjected to spatially varying ground motions", Adv. Struct. Eng., 20, 105-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433216646009
  26. Jankowski, R. (2008), "Earthquake-induced pounding between equal height buildings with substantially different dynamic properties", Eng. Struct., 30(10), 2818-2829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.03.006
  27. Jankowski, R. (2009), "Non-linear FEM analysis of earthquake-induced pounding between the main building and the stairway tower of the olive view hospital", Eng. Struct., 31(8), 1851-1864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.03.024
  28. Jankowski, R. (2012), "Non-linear FEM analysis of pounding-involved response of buildings under non-uniform earthquake excitation", Eng. Struct., 37, 99-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.12.035
  29. Jing, H.S. and Young, M.H. (1991), "Impact interactions between two vibration systems under random excitation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 20(7), 667-681. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290200706
  30. Leibovich, E., Rutenberg, A. and Yankelevsky, D.Z. (1996), "On eccentric seismic pounding of symmetric buildings", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 25(3), 219-233. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199603)25:3<219::AID-EQE537>3.0.CO;2-H
  31. Mahmoud, S., Abd-Elhamed, A. and Jankowski R. (2013), "Earthquake-induced pounding between equal height multi-story buildings considering soil-structure interaction", B. Earthq. Eng., 11, 1021-1048. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-012-9411-6
  32. Maison, B.F. and Kasai, K. (1990), "Analysis for the type of structural pounding", J. Struct. Eng., 116(4), 957-977. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:4(957)
  33. Mouzakis, H.P. and Papadrakakis, M. (2004), "Three-dimensional nonlinear building pounding with friction during earthquakes", J. Earthq. Eng., 8(1), 107-132. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460409350483
  34. Papadrakakis, M., Apostolopoulou, C., Zacharopoulos, A. and Bitzarakis, S. (1996), "Three-dimensional simulation of structural pounding during earthquakes", J. Eng. Mech., 122(5), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1996)122:5(423)
  35. Polycarpou, P.C., Papaloizou, L. and Komofromos, P. (2014), "An efficient methodology for simulating earthquake-induced 3D pounding of buildings", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 43(7), 985-1003. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2383
  36. Rajaram, C. and Ramancharla, P.K. (2012), "Three dimensional modelling of pounding between adjacent buildings", Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Structural Stability and Dynamics, Jaipur, India, January.
  37. Rosenblueth, E. and Meli, R. (1986), "The 1985 earthquake: Causes and effects in Mexico city", Concrete Int., 8(5), 23-34.
  38. Soltysik, B. and Jankowski, R. (2016), Earthquake-Induced Pounding between Asymmetric Steel Buildings in Seismic Behavior and Design of Irregular and Complex Civil Structures II, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland.
  39. Wang, L.X., Chau, K.T. and Wei, X.X. (2009), "Numerical simulations of nonlinear seismic torsional pounding between two single-story structures", Adv. Struct. Eng., 12(1), 87-101. https://doi.org/10.1260/136943309787522678
  40. Zhu, P., Abe, S. and Fujino, Y. (2002), "Modelling of three-dimensional non-linear seismic performance of elevated bridges with emphasis on pounding of girders", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 31(11), 591-609.