벤처창업연구 (Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship)

  • 제12권6호
  • /
  • Pages.79-88
  • /
  • 2017
  • /
  • 1975-7557(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2671-9509(eISSN)
한국벤처창업학회 (The Korean Society of Business Venturing)
권호 표지

창업교육이 대학생의 창업효능감과 시간관에 미치는 영향

A Study on the Relationships between Time Perspective of College Students and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy

  • Kim, Sang Pyo (Dept. of Venture & Business, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Byun, Chyng Gyu (Dept. of Business Administration, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Ha, Hwan Ho (Dept. of Venture & Business, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 투고 : 2017.11.11
  • 심사 : 2017.12.29
  • 발행 : 2017.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

개인의 창업효능감과 시간관은 동기부여 및 목표지향적 행동에 영향을 주는 요인이다. 창업을 결정하거나 창업을 준비하는 과정은 현재보다는 미래에 대한 준비과정이다. 이 과정에서 개인이 가지고 있는 창업효능감과 시간관은 중요한 영향요인이 될 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 먼저 창업교육 참여여부에 따라 창업효능감과 시간관의 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았다. 그리고 개인의 창업효능감과 시간관이 서로 어떤 관계가 있는지를 분석하고, 이후 창업교육 참여여부에 따라 이 관계에서 차이가 있는지를 비교분석하였다. 조사를 위해 창업 및 경영관련 수업에 참여하고 있는 대학생 190명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업교육 참여자들의 창업효능감이 미참여자들의 창업효능감 보다 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 개인의 시간관에 따라 창업효능감에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 과거부정수준 및 현재 숙명수준이 낮을수록 창업효능감이 높게 나타났으며, 현재쾌락수준 및 미래지향 수준이 높을수록 창업효능감이 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 개인의 시간관을 짐바르도의 시간관 유형(과거부정, 과거긍정, 현재숙명, 현재쾌락, 미래지향적 시간관)에 따라 구분하여 차이를 살펴본 결과, 창업교육을 경험할수록 현재쾌락과 미래지향 시간관과 같은 창업효능감과 정(+)의 관계에 있는 시간관이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 마지막으로 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 학문적 의의와 시사점, 한계점을 제시하였다.

Personal time perspective is a factor influencing motivation and goal-oriented behavior. The start-up process is a preparatory process for the future rather than the present. There will be a difference in entrepreneurial decision making depending on the level of time perspective. This study verified the relationship between individual 's time perspective and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. For this study, a survey was conducted with 190 students in college. To test the hypothesis, t-test, one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used. The results of the study are as follows. First, we analyzed the difference of individual 's time by past-negative, past-positive, present-fatalistic, present-hedonistic, and future-oriented time. As a result of analysis, the more experience of entrepreneurship education, the higher the present-fatalistic, present-hedonistic, and future-oriented level. Second, the effect of individual's time perspective on entrepreneurial self-efficacy was analyzed. The past-negative and present-fatalistic level influenced negative on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The present-hedonistic and future-oriented level influenced positive on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Finally, based on the above results, academic significance, implications and limitations are suggested.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Avci, S.(2013). Relations between Self Regulation, Future Time Perspective and the Delay of Gratification in University Students, Education, 133(4), 525-537.
  2. Bandura, A.(1977). Self-Efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change, Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
  3. Bandura, A.(1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control, New York: Freeman.
  4. Boyd, J. N., & Zimbardo, P. G.(2005). Time Perspective, Health and Risk Taking, In A. Strahman & J. Joireman (Eds.), Understanding Behavior in the Context of Time: Theory, Research and applications(85-107), Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  5. Boyd, N., & Vozikis, G.(1994). The Influence of Self-Efficacy on the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions and Actions, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(4), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879401800404
  6. Chen, C., Greene, P., & Crick, A.(1998). Does Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Distinguish Entrepreneurs from Managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00029-3
  7. Chung, D. Y., & Chae, Y. H.(2016). Effects of Personalty Traits and Self-Leadership on the Entrepreneurial Intention in Korean College Student Mediated by Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Korean Business Education Review, 31(1), 85-110.
  8. Drake, L., Duncan, E., Sutherland, F., Abernethy, C., & Henry, C.(2008). Time Perspective and Correlates of Wellbeing, Time & Society, 17(1), 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961463X07086304
  9. Henson, J. M., Carey, M. P., & Carey, K. B.(2006). Associations among Health Behaviors and Time Perspective in Young Adults: Model Testing with Boot-Strapping Replication, Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29(2), 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-005-9027-2
  10. Hyun, S. H., Seo, M. K., & Kwon, I. S.(2016). The Moderating Effects of Core-Self Evaluation on the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intention, Job-Seeking Stress, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 11(6), 39-49.
  11. Ittersum, K. V.(2012). The Effect of Decision Makers' Time Perspective on Intention-behavior Consistency, Marketing Letters, 23(1), 263-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-011-9152-3
  12. Kim, B. J.(2014). Time Perspective and Happiness, Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 28(1), 49-67.
  13. Kim, K. N.(2013). Effects of Time Perspective on Educational Aspirations: Causal Relationships Based on Instrumental Variables Such as Cultural Capital and Significant Others, Korean Journal of Sociology of Education, 23(2), 29-54.
  14. Kim, M, S., & Kim, Y. G.(2012). Effects of Individual Trait, Educational, Organizational Factors on Entrepreneurial Intention in Tourism College Students: the Mediating Effects of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Journal of Foodservice Management, 15(4), 61-84.
  15. Kim, O. S., & Park, U. J.(2015). The Effects of Time Perspective on Time Management and Life Satisfaction for College Students, Journal of Korean Family Resource Management Association, 19(4), 141-161.
  16. Kim, S. B., Byun, C. G., & Ha, H. H.(2015). The Effect of Future Time Perspective on Attitude Toward Business Start-up: The Mediating Effects of Self-efficacy and Tolerance of Ambiguity, Korean Management Consulting Review, 15(4), 47-56.
  17. Kim, S. B., Byun, C. G., & Ha, H. H.(2016). The Relationship between a Balanced Time Perspectives and Attitude toward Trying Startup, Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Society, 11(4), 110-129.
  18. Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L.(2000). Competing Models of Entrepreneurial Intentions, Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5), 411-432. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(98)00033-0
  19. McGee, J. E., Peterson, M., Mueller, S. L., & Sequeira, J. M.(2009). Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy: Refining the Measure, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(4), 965-988. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00304.x
  20. Mello, Z. R., & Worrell, F. C.(2006). The Relationship of Time Perspective to Age, Gender, and Academic Achievement Among Academically Talented Adolescents, Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 29(3), 271-289. https://doi.org/10.1177/016235320602900302
  21. Nunnally, J. C.(1978). Psychometric Theory, 2nd Ed., New York: McGraw-Hill.
  22. Park, J. W., & Choi, M. J.(2016). The Impact of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy on the Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students: The Moderating Effect of Regulatory Focus, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 11(2), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.16972/apjbve.11.2.201604.9
  23. Przepiorka, A.(2010). Time Perspective Proactive Personality and the Intention of Starting a Business, In: The XVth European Conference on Personality, Brno, The Czech Republic, 20-24, July.
  24. Przepiorka, A.(2016). What Makes Successful Entrepreneurs Different in Temporal and Goal-Commitment Dimensions?, Time & Society, 25(1), 40-60. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961463X15577264
  25. Webster, J. D., & Ma, Z.(2013). A Balanced Time Perspective in Adulthood: Well-being and Developmental Effect, Canadian Journal on Aging, 32(4), 433-442. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980813000500
  26. Yang, J. H., Jung, D. Y., & Kim, C. K.(2017). How Entrepreneurial Role Model Affects on Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Motivation of Korean University Students?: Focused on Mediating Effects of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Korean Business Education Review, 32(3), 115-136.
  27. Yune, S. J., & Kim, J. S.(2012). Validation of Korean Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, Korean Journal of Educational Psychology, 26(2), 587-606.
  28. Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E.(2005). The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intention, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265-1272. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1265
  29. Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N.(1999). Putting Time in Perspective: A Vaild, Reliable Individual-Differences Metric, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1271-1288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1271
  30. Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N.(2008). The Time Paradox: The New Psychology of Time That Can Change Your Life, New York: Free Press.
  31. Zimbardo, P. G., Keough, K. A. & Boyd, J. N.(1997). Present Time Perspective as a Predictor of Risky Driving, Personality and Individual Differences, 23(6), 1007-1023. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00113-X