Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Difficulties of Elementary School Students in the Role-playing Analogy Activity for Concept Learning of Heat Transfer

열전달에 대한 역할놀이 비유활동 구성 및 수행과정에서 초등학생이 겪는 어려움

  • Received : 2017.11.27
  • Accepted : 2017.12.18
  • Published : 2017.12.31
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Abstract

This study analyzed the difficulties elementary school students have in role-playing analogy activities for concept learning of heat transfer. Eleven fifth graders were given an orientation class on role-playing analogy activity, a class for concept learning of heat transfer as presented in a textbook, and then they performed the role-playing analogy activity with concepts of heat transfer. After the classes, researchers investigated the difficulties students encountered through questionnaires and interviews. The following are results of the research: Difficulties that students faced in role-playing analogy activity can be classified into five types. First, students encountered difficulties in expressing the analogy. The students who had difficulties in expressing the analogy focused on expressions outside the science concepts or lacked understanding of the science concepts. They also had difficulties in expressing the analogy because they lacked the expressiveness of analogy or abilities in mapping errors. They had difficulties in expressing the planned role-playing analogy in a narrow space. Second, students also experienced difficulties in performing activities due to lack of understanding on activities or lack of experience. Third, students experienced difficulties in selecting roles because they preferred the specific role or unwanted the specific roles. Fourth, the members of group experienced difficulties in group activities because they did not concentrate on activities, failed to perform roles, or showed attitudes of an onlooker. Fifth, they experienced difficulties in communications due to unilateral communication, conflicts of opinions, and lack of opinions.

본 연구에서는 열전달에 대한 역할놀이 비유활동 수행과정에서 초등학생이 겪는 어려움을 분석하였다. 이 연구를 위하여 초등학교 5학년 학생 11명을 선정하여 역할놀이 비유활동에 대한 오리엔테이션 수업, 교과서에 제시된 방법으로 교과 수업, 개념에 대응되는 비유표현을 만들고 시연하는 역할놀이 비유활동을 하였다. 수업이 끝난 후에 간단한 설문과 반 구조화된 면담을 실시하여 초등학생들이 역할놀이 비유활동을 수행하는 과정에서 발생하는 어려움을 조사하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학생들은 과학 개념 외적인 표현에 집중하거나, 과학 개념에 대한 이해가 부족하여 비유를 표현하는 데에 어려움을 겪었다. 또한 학생들은 비유 상황을 표현하는 표현력이 부족하거나 비유 대응 관계 설정이 어려웠기 때문에 어려움을 겪었고, 장소가 협소하여 구성한 역할놀이 비유를 표현하는 데에 어려움을 겪었다. 둘째, 학생들은 활동에 대한 이해가 부족하거나 활동 경험이 부족해서 활동 수행에 어려움을 겪었다. 셋째, 학생들은 선호 역할이 충돌하거나 원하지 않는 역할을 수행해야 했기 때문에 역할 선정의 어려움을 경험하였다. 넷째, 모둠원이 활동에 집중하지 않거나 역할을 불이행하고 방관자적 태도를 보였기 때문에 모둠 활동에 어려움을 경험하였다. 다섯째, 일방적인 의견 전달, 의견 충돌, 제시된 의견 부족으로 인한 의사소통의 어려움을 경험하였다.

Keywords

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