Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Anti-inflammatory Activities of an Ethanol Extract of Sargassum macrocarpum in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Lipopolysaccaride로 유도된 Raw 264.7 세포에서 큰열매모자반 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 활성

  • 천지민 (동의대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김향숙 (동의대학교 항노화연구소) ;
  • 최은옥 (동의대학교 항노화연구소) ;
  • 권다혜 (동의대학교 항노화연구소) ;
  • 최영현 (동의대학교 항노화연구소) ;
  • 김병우 (동의대학교 바이오응용공학부) ;
  • 황혜진 (동의대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2017.09.05
  • Accepted : 2017.10.18
  • Published : 2017.12.30
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Abstract

Sargassum macrocarpum is a widely distributed marine brown algae found in the North Pacific. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of an ethanol extract of S. macrocarpum (EESM). First, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of EESM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. EESM treatment suppressed nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production and inhibited the expressions of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) and interleukin-1 beta ($IL-1{\beta}$), was decreased in a dose dependent manner. Investigation of the signaling pathways of nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) revealed suppression of $NF-{\kappa}B$ translocation from the cytosol to nucleus by EESM treatment. The phosphorylation of the Akt and ERK proteins was also inhibited by EESM treatment. EESM treatment also stimulated the expression of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme and its upstream transcription factor, nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). These results suggest that EESM has anti-inflammatory activity and could have potential uses in the field of nutraceuticals.

본 연구에서는 갈조류인 큰열매모자반 에탄올 추출물(Ethanol extract of Sargassum Macrocarpum, EESM)의 항염증 활성을 조사하였다. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)로 염증이 유도된 RAW 264.7 대식세포에서 EESM에 의한 항염증 효과를 조사한 결과 EESM은 nitric oxide (NO)와 prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$)의 분비를 억제하는 결과를 보였고, 이는 inducible NO synthase (iNOS)와 cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)의 발현 역시 억제하였다. 또한 전염증성 사이토카인인 tumor necrosis factor-alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$)와 interleukin 1 beta ($IL-1{\beta}$)의 발현도 억제하였다. 이러한 염증반응이 어떤 신호경로를 통해 일어나는지 알아보기 위해 nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt 그리고 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) 신호전달 경로를 조사한 결과 EESM에 의해 $NF-{\kappa}B$가 세포질에서 핵으로 이동과 Akt 단백질의 인산화가 억제되었고 MAPK에 속하는 kinase 중 ERK의 단백질 인산화가 억제되었다. 따라서 EESM이 $NF-{\kappa}B$ 신호계를 포함한 PI3K/Akt 및 MAPK/ERK 신호경로를 동시에 관여하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)과 그 전사 인자인 nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)의 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 EESM에 의해 HO-1 및 Nrf2의 발현이 증가됨을 보였다. 본 연구 결과 EESM은 높은 항염증 활성을 갖는 것으로 확인되였으며 향후 잠재적인 기능성 소재로서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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