Computers and Concrete

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Theoretical and experimental analysis of wave propagation in concrete blocks subjected to impact load considering the effect of nanoparticles

  • Received : 2017.04.24
  • Accepted : 2017.08.21
  • Published : 2017.12.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a new filed in concrete structures which can improve the mechanical properties of them in confronting to impact and blast. However, in this paper, a mathematical model is introduced for the concrete models subjected to impact load for wave propagation analysis. The structure is simulated by the sinusoidal shear deformation theory (SSDT) and the governing equations of the concrete model are derived by energy method and Hamilton's principle. The silicon dioxide ($SiO_2$) nanoparticles are used as reinforcement for the concrete model where the characteristics of the equivalent composite are determined using Mori-Tanaka approach. An exact solution is applied for obtaining the maximum velocity of the model. In order to validate the theoretical results, three square models with different impact point and Geophone situations are tested experimentally. The effect of different parameters such as $SiO_2$ nanoparticles volume percent, situation of the impact, length, width and thickness of the model as well as velocity, diameter and height of impactor are shown on the maximum velocity of the model. Results indicate that the theoretical and experimental dates are in a close agreement with each other. In addition, using from $SiO_2$ nanoparticles leads to increase in the stiffness and consequently maximum velocity of the model.

Keywords

References

  1. Akbarnezhad, A. and Ong, K.C.G. (2011), "Thermal stress and pore pressure development in microwave heated concrete", Comput. Concrete, 8(4), 425-443. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2011.8.4.425
  2. Akkose, M. (2016), "Arrival direction effects of travelling waves on nonlinear seismic response of arch dams", Comput. Concrete , 18(2), 179-199. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.18.2.179
  3. Aliabadian, Z., Sharafisafa, M., Mortazavi, A. and Maarefvand, P. (2014), "Wave and fracture propagation in continuum and faulted rock masses: Distinct element modeling", Arab J. Geosci., 7(12), 5021-5035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-013-1155-3
  4. Al-Rousan, R.Z., Alhassan, M.A. and Al-Salman, H. (2017), "Impact resistance of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete two-way slabs", Struct. Eng. Mech., 62(3), 373-380. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.62.3.373
  5. Boadu, F.K. and Long, L.T. (1996), "Effects of fractures on seismic-wave velocity and attenuation", Geophys. J. Int., 127(1), 86-110. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1996.tb01537.x
  6. Cai, J.G. and Zhao, J. (2000), "Effects of multiple parallel fractures on apparent attenuation of stress waves in rock masses", J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 37(4), 661-682. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1365-1609(00)00013-7
  7. COMSOL Inc (2013), http://www.comsol.com.
  8. Gong, S.W. and Lam, K.Y. (2000), "Effects of structural damping and stiffness on impact response of layered structure", AIAA J., 38(9), 1730-1735. https://doi.org/10.2514/2.1161
  9. Khatibinia, M., Feizbakhsh, A., Mohseni, E. and Ranjbar, M.M. (2016), " Modeling mechanical strength of self-compacting mortar containing nanoparticles using wavelet-based support vector machine ", Comput. Concrete, 18(6), 1065-1082. https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2016.18.6.1065
  10. Kolahchi, R., Moniri Bidgoli, A.M. and Heydari, M.M. (2015), "Size-dependent bending analysis of FGM nano-sinusoidal plates resting on orthotropic elastic medium", Struct. Eng. Mech., 55(5), 1001-1014. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.55.5.1001
  11. Kurtulus, C., Uckardes, M., Sari, U. and Guner, O. (2012), "Experimental studies in wave propagation across a jointed rock mass", Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 71(2), 231-234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-011-0392-5
  12. Li, J. and Ma, G. (2009), "Experimental study of stress wave propagation across a filled rock joint", J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 46(3), 471-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2008.11.006
  13. Li, J. and Ma, G. (2010), "Analysis of blast wave interaction with a rock joint", Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 43(6), 777-787. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-009-0062-0
  14. Li, J., Ma, G. and Huang, X. (2010), "Analysis of wave propagation through a filled rock joint", Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 43(6), 789-798. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-009-0033-5
  15. Li, J.C., Li, H.B., Jiao, Y.Y., Liu, Y.Q., Xia, X. and Yu, C. (2014), "Analysis for oblique wave propagation across filled joints based on thin-layer interface model", J. Appl. Geophys., 102, 39-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2013.11.014
  16. Li, J.C., Wu, W., Li, H.B., Zhu, J.B. and Zhao, J. (2013), "A thin-layer interface model for wave propagation through filled rock joints", J. Appl. Geophys., 91, 31-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2013.02.003
  17. Li, Y., Zhu, Z., Li, B., Deng, J. and Xie, H. (2011), "Study on the transmission and reflection of stress waves across joints", J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 48(3), 364-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011.01.002
  18. Mori, T. and Tanaka, K. (1973), "Average stress in matrix and average elastic energy of materials with misfit ting inclusions", Acta Metall. Mater., 21(5), 571-574. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(73)90064-3
  19. Narendar, S. and Gopalakrishnan, S. (2012), "Study of terahertz wave propagation properties in nanoplates with surface and small-scale effects", J. Mech. Sci., 64(1), 221-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2012.06.012
  20. Petel, O.E., Jette, F.X., Goroshin, S., Frostm D.L. and Ouellet, S. (2011), "Blast wave attenuation through a composite of varying layer distribution", Shock Wave., 21(3), 215-224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-010-0295-6
  21. Pourghasemi Sagand, M. (2015), "The experimental study of the effects of discountinously on the blast-induced energy partitioning in resistant rocks", M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran.
  22. Wang, W., Hao, H., Li, X., Yan, Z. and Gong, F. (2015), "Effects of a single open joint on energy transmission coefficients of stress waves with different waveforms", Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 48(5), 2157-2166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-014-0684-8
  23. Wang, W.H., Li, X.B. Zuo, Y.J., Zhou, Z.L. and Zhang, Y.P. (2006), "3DEC modeling on effect of joints and interlayer on wave propagation", Trans. Nonferr. Met. SOC. Chin., 16(3), 728-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(06)60129-5
  24. Wu, Y.K., Hao, H., Zhou, Y.X. and Chong, K. (1998), "Propagation characteristics of blast-induced shock waves in a jointed rock mass", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 17(6), 407-412. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0267-7261(98)00030-X
  25. Yaman, I.O., Akbay, Z. and Aktan, H. (2006), "Numerical modelling and finite element analysis of rnstress wave propagation for ultrasonic pulse velocity testing of concrete", Comput. Concrete, 3(6), 423-437. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2006.3.6.423
  26. Zhao, X.B., Zhao, J., Cai, J.G. and Hefny, A.M. (2008), "UDEC modelling on wave propagation across fractured rock masses", Comput. Geotech., 35(1), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2007.01.001
  27. Zhu, J.B., Zhao, X.B., Wu, W. and Zhao, J. (2012), "Wave propagation across rock joints filled with viscoelastic medium using modified recursive method", J. Appl. Geophys., 86, 82-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2012.07.012