Computers and Concrete

  • 제20권6호
  • /
  • Pages.705-710
  • /
  • 2017
  • /
  • 1598-8198(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-818X(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effectiveness of mineral additives in mitigating alkali-silica reaction in mortar

  • Nayir, Safa (Department of Civil Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University) ;
  • Erdogdu, Sakir (Department of Civil Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University) ;
  • Kurbetci, Sirin (Department of Civil Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University)
  • 투고 : 2017.03.24
  • 심사 : 2017.09.02
  • 발행 : 2017.12.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The effectiveness of mineral additives in suppressing alkali-silica reactivity has been studied in this work. Experimentation has been performed in accordance with the procedures prescribed in ASTM C 1567. In the scope of the investigation, a quarry aggregate which was reactive according to ASTM C 1260 was tested. In the experimental program, prismatic mortar specimens measuring $25{\times}25{\times}285mm$ were produced. Ten sets of production, three specimens for each set, were made. Length changes were measured at the end of 3, 7, 14 and 28 days and then expansions in percentage have been calculated. Fly ash, silica fume, and metakaolin have been used as cement replacement in different ratios for the testing of the alkali-silicate reactivity of the aggregate. In the mixes performed, the replacement ratios were 20%, 40%, and 60% for the fly ash, and 5%, 10%, and 15% for the silica fume, and 5%, 10%, and 15% for the metakaolin. Mixes without mineral additives were also produced for comparison. The beneficial effect in suppressing alkali-silica reactivity is highly noticeable as the replacement ratios of the mineral additives increase regardless of the type of the mineral additive used. Being more concise, the optimum concentrations of using silica fume and metakaolin in mortar in suppressing ASR is 10%, respectively, while it is 20% for fly ash.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abbas, S., Kazmi, S.M.S. and Munir, M.J. (2017), "Potential of rice husk ash for mitigating the alkali-silica reaction in mortar bars incorporating reactive aggregates", Constr. Build. Mater., 132, 61-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.11.126
  2. ACI 221 (1998), State-of-the-Art Report on Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, U.S.A.
  3. Afshinnia, K. and Rangaraju, P. (2015), "Efficiency of ternary blends containing fine glass powder in mitigating alkali-silica reaction", Constr. Build. Mater., 100, 234-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.09.043
  4. Ansah, J.S., Atiemo, E., Boakye, K.A., Adjei, D. and Adjaottor, A.A. (2014), "Calcined clay pozzolan as an admixture to mitigate the alkali-silica reaction in concrete", J. Mater. Sci. Chem. Eng., 2, 20-26.
  5. Aquino, W., Lange, D.A. and Olek, J. (2001), "The influence of metakaolin and silica fume on the chemistry of alkali-silica reaction products", Cement Concrete Compos., 23(6), 485-493. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(00)00096-2
  6. ASTM C 1260 (2007), Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method), Annual Book of ASTM Standards, U.S.A.
  7. ASTM C 1567 (2011), Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-silica reactivity of Combinations Materials of Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar Bar Method), Annual Book of ASTM Standards, U.S.A.
  8. Bagel, L. (1998), "Strength and pore structure of ternary blended cement mortars containing blast furnace slag and silica fume", Cement Concrete Res., 28(7), 1011-1022. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00078-7
  9. Baingam, L., Nawa, T., Iwatsuki, E. and Awamura, T. (2015), "ASR formation of reactive chert in conducting model experiments at highly alkaline and temperature conditions", Constr. Build. Mater., 95, 820-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.179
  10. Bhatty, M.S.Y. (1985), "Mechanism of pozzolanic reactions and control of alkali-aggregate expansion", Cement Concrete Aggr., 7, 69-77. https://doi.org/10.1520/CCA10372J
  11. Chatterji, S., Thaulow, N., Jensen, A.D. and Christensen, P. (1986), "Mechanism of accelerating effects of NACI and $Ca(OH)_2$ on alkali-silica reaction", Proceeding of the 7th International Conference on Concrete Alkali-Aggregate Reactions.
  12. Cyr, M., Carles-Gibergues, M., Moisson, M. and Ringot, E. (2009), "Mechanism of ASR reduction by reactive aggregate powders", Adv. Cement Res., 21(4), 147-158. https://doi.org/10.1680/adcr.2008.00012
  13. Davraz, M. and Gunduz, L. (2008), "Reduction of alkali-silica reaction risk in concrete by natural (micronized) amorphous silica", Constr. Build. Mater., 22, 1093-1099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.03.002
  14. Detwiler, R. (1997), The Role of Fly Ash Composition in Reducing Alkali-Silica Reaction, PCA R&D Serial No. 2092.
  15. Dongxue, L., Xinhua, F., Xuenquan, W. and Mingshu, T. (1997), "Durability study of steel slag cement", Cement Concrete Res., 27(7), 983-987. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00084-7
  16. Duchesne, J. and Berube, M.A. (1994a), "Available alkalies from supplementary cementing materials" ACI Mater. J., 91(3), 289-299.
  17. Duchesne, J. and Berube, M.A. (1994b), "The effectiveness of supplementary cementing materials in suppressing expansion due to asr; another look at the reaction mechanism. Part 2: Pore solution chemistry", Cement Concrete Res., 24(2), 221-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(94)90047-7
  18. Gaze, M.E. and Nixon, P.J. (1983), "The effect of pfa upon alkaliaggregate reaction", Mag. Concrete Res., 35(123), 107-110. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1983.35.123.107
  19. Helmuth, R. (1993), Alkali-Silica Reactivity: An Overview of Research, SHRP Report C-342, Purdue University, U.S.A.
  20. Hill, E.D. (1996), "Alkali limits for prevention of alkali-silica reaction: A brief review of their development", Cement Concrete Aggr., 18(1), 3-7. https://doi.org/10.1520/CCA10305J
  21. Kandasamy, S. and Shehata, M.H. (2014), "The capacity of ternary blends containing slag and high-calcium fly ash to mitigate alkali silica reaction", Cement Concrete Compos., 49, 92-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.12.008
  22. Lane, D.S. (1994), Alkali-Silica Reactivity in Virginia, VTRC 94-R17, University of Virginia Charlottesville, U.S.A.
  23. Lane, D.S. and Ozyildirim, C. (1999), "Preventive measures for alkali-silica reactions (binary and ternary systems)", Cement Concrete Res., 29, 1281-1288. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00242-7
  24. Latifee, E.R. (2016), "State of the art-report on alkali-silica reactivity mitigation effectiveness using different types of fly ashes", J. Mater., 1-7.
  25. Mindness, S. and Young, J.F. (1981), Concrete, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, U.S.A.
  26. Moser, R.D., Jayapalan, A.R., Garas, V.Y. and Kurtis, K.E. (2010), "Assessment of binary and ternary blends of metakaolin and class C fly ash for alkali-silica reaction mitigation in concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 40, 1664-1672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.08.006
  27. Neville, A.M. (1997), Properties of Concrete, John Wiley & Sons, New York, U.S.A.
  28. Neville, A.M. and Brooks, J.J. (1991), Concrete Technolgy, Longman Scientific & Technical, U.S.A.
  29. Ramachandran, V.S. (1998), "Alkali-aggregate expansion inhibiting admixtures", Cement Concrete Res., 20, 149-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(97)00072-3
  30. Ramlochan, T., Thomas, M. and Gruber, K.A. (2000), "The effect of metakaolin on alkali-silica reaction in concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 30(3), 339-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00261-6
  31. Shafaatian, S.M.H., Akhavan, A., Maraghecni, H and Rajabiour, F. (2013), "How does fly ash mitigate alkali-silica reaction in accelerated mortar bar test?", Cement Concrete Compos., 37, 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.11.004
  32. Shayan, A., Diggings, R. and Ivanusec, I. (1996), "Effectiveness of fly ash in preventing deleterious expansion due to alkaliaggregate reaction in normal and steam-cured concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 26(1), 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(95)00191-3
  33. Shehata, M.H. and Thomas, M.D.A. (2002), "Use of ternary blends containing silica fume and fly ash to suppress expansion due to alkali-silica reaction in concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 32(3), 341-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00680-9
  34. Shehata, M.H. and Thomas, M.D.A. (2006), "Alkali release characteristics of blended cements", Cement Concrete Res., 36(6), 1161-1175.
  35. Shehata, M.H. "Effect of fly ash and silica fume on alkali-silica reaction in concrete", Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Toronto, Canada.
  36. Shehata, M.H. and Thomas, M.D.A. (2000), "The effect of fly ash composition on the expansion of concrete due to alkali-silica reaction", Cement Concrete Res., 30(7), 1063-1072. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00283-0
  37. Stanton, T.E. (1940), "Expansion of concrete through reaction between cement and aggregate", Proc. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., 66(10), 1781-1811.
  38. Thomas, M., Dunster, A., Nixon, P. and Blackwell, B. (2011), "Effect of fly ash on the expansion of concrete due to alkalisilica reaction-exposure site studies", Cement Concrete Compos., 33, 359-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.11.006
  39. Thomas, M.D.A. (1940), "Field studies of fly ash concrete structures containing reactive aggregates", Mag. Concrete Res., 48, 265-279.
  40. Vayghan, A.G., Wright, J.R. and Rajabipour, F. (2016), "An extended chemical index model to predict the fly ash dosage necessary for mitigating alkali-silica reaction in concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 82, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.12.014
  41. Xu, G.J.Z., Watt, D.F. and Hudec, P.P. (1995), "Effectiveness of mineral admixtures in reducing asr expansion", Cement Concrete Res., 25(7), 1225-1236. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(95)00115-S
  42. Zahira, K. and Aissa, A. (2015), "Modelling the alkali-aggregate reaction expansion in concrete", Comput. Concrete, 16(1), 37-48. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2015.16.1.037

피인용 문헌

  1. Pozzolanic properties of trachyte and rhyolite and their effects on alkali-silica reaction vol.11, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2021.11.4.299