ETRI Journal

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (한국전자통신연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Novel Rate Control Scheme for Low Delay Video Coding of HEVC

  • Wu, Wei (State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University) ;
  • Liu, Jiong (State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University) ;
  • Feng, Lei (State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University)
  • Received : 2014.03.25
  • Accepted : 2015.09.10
  • Published : 2016.02.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this paper, a novel rate control scheme for low delay video coding of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is proposed. The proposed scheme is developed by considering a new temporal prediction structure of HEVC. In the proposed scheme, the relationship between bit rate and quantization step is exploited firstly to formulate an accurate quadratic rate-quantization (R-Q) model. Secondly, a method of determining the quantization parameters (QPs) for the first frames within a group of pictures is proposed. Thirdly, an accurate frame-level bit allocation method is proposed for HEVC. Finally, based on the proposed R-Q model and the target bit allocated for the frame, the QPs are predicted for coding tree units by using rate-distortion (R-D) optimization. We compare our scheme against that of three other state-of-the-art rate control schemes. Experimental results show that the proposed rate control scheme can increase the Bjøntegaard delta peak signal-to-noise ratio by 0.65 dB and 0.09 dB on average compared with the JCTVC-I0094 and JCTVC-M0036 schemes, respectively, both of which have been implemented in an HEVC test model encoder; furthermore, the proposed scheme achieves a similar R-D performance to Wang's scheme, as well as obtaining the smallest bit rate mismatch error of all the schemes.

Keywords

References

  1. ITU-T H.265 $\mid$ ISO/IEC 23008-2, High Efficiency Video Coding, Jan. 2013.
  2. W. Wu and H.K. Kim, "A Novel Rate Control Initialization Algorithm for H.264," IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., vol. 55, no. 2, May 2009, pp. 665-669. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2009.5174437
  3. Y. Pitrey and M. Babel, "$\rho$-Domain Based Rate Control Scheme for Spatial, Temporal, and Quality Scalable Video Coding," Proc. SPIE 7257 Visual Commun. Image Process., San Jose, CA, USA, Jan. 18-19, 2009, pp. 5-8.
  4. CCITT SG XV WP/1/Q4, Description of Reference Model 8 (RM8), June 1989.
  5. E. Viscito and C. Gonzales, "A Video Compression Algorithm with Adaptive Bit Allocation and Quantization," Proc. SPIE 1605 Visual Commun. Image Process., Boston, MA, USA, Nov. 1-2, 1991, pp. 58-72.
  6. ISO/IEC JTC/SC29/WG11, MPEG Test Model 5 (TM5), Apr. 1993.
  7. J. Ribas-Corbera and S. Lei, "Rate Control in DCT Video Coding for Low-Delay Communications," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 9, no. 1, Feb. 1999, pp. 172-185. https://doi.org/10.1109/76.744284
  8. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11, MPEG-4 Video Verification Model Version 18.0: Coding of Moving Pictures and Audio, Jan. 2001.
  9. A. Leontaris and A.M. Tourapis, "Rate Control Reorganization in the Joint Model (JM) Reference Software," ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 and ITU-T SG16 Q.6 23rd Meeting, San Jose, CA, USA, Doc. JVT-W042, Apr. 2007.
  10. Z. Li et al., "Adaptive Basic Unit Layer Rate Control for JVT," ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 and ITU-T SG16 Q.6 7th Meeting, Pattaya, Thailand, Doc. JVT-G012, Mar. 2003.
  11. M.-J. Kim and M.-C. Hong, "Fast Rate Control Algorithm in Frame-Layer for H.264/AVC Video Coding," IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., vol. 58, no. 3, Aug. 2012, pp. 872-879. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCE.2012.6311330
  12. M. Li et al., "Frame Layer Rate Control for H.264/AVC with Hierarchical B-frames," J. Image Commun., vol. 24, no. 3, Mar. 2009, pp. 177-199.
  13. Y. Liu, Z.G. Li, and Y.C. Soh, "A Novel Rate Control Scheme for Low Delay Video Communication of H.264/AVC Standard," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 17, no. 1, Jan. 2007, pp. 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2006.887081
  14. S. Hu et al., "Rate Control Optimization for Temporal-Layer Scalable Video Coding," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 21, no. 8, Aug. 2011, pp. 1152-1162. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2011.2138810
  15. H. Wang and S. Kwong, "A Rate-Distortion Optimization Algorithm for Rate Control in H.264," IEEE Int. Conf. Acoust., Speech Signal Process., Honolulu, HI, USA, Apr. 15-20, 2007, pp. 1149-1152.
  16. H. Choi et al., "Rate Control Based on Unified RQ Model for HEVC," JCT-VC of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 8th Meeting, San Jose, CA, USA, Doc. JCTVC-H0213, Feb. 2012.
  17. B. Li, H. Li, and L. Li, "Adaptive Bit Allocation for R-lambda Model Rate Control in HM," JCT-VC of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 13th Meeting, Incheon, Rep. of Korea, Doc. JCTVC-M0036, Apr. 2013.
  18. S. Wang et al., "Rate-GOP Based Rate Control for High Efficiency Video Coding," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Signal Process., vol. 7, no. 6, Sept. 2013, pp. 1101-1111. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2013.2272240
  19. H. Choi et al., "Improvement of the Rate Control Based on Pixel- Based URQ Model for HEVC," JCT-VC of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 9th Meeting, Geneva, Switzerland, Doc. JCTVC-I0094, Apr. 2012.
  20. B. Li et al., "QP Determination by Lambda Value," JCT-VC of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 9th Meeting, Geneva, Switzerland, Doc. JCTVC-I0426, Apr. 2012.
  21. I. Kim et al., "High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Test Model 12 (HM12) Encoder Description," JCT-VC of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 14th Meeting, Vienna, Austria, Doc. JCTVC-N1002, July 2013.
  22. T. Chiang and Y.-Q. Zhang, "A New Rate Control Scheme Using Quadratic Rate Distortion Model," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 7, no. 1, Feb. 1997, pp. 246-250. https://doi.org/10.1109/76.554439
  23. S. Ma, W. Gao, and Y. Lu, "Rate-Distortion Analysis for H.264/AVC Video Coding and its Application to Rate Control," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 15, no. 12, Dec. 2005, pp. 1533-1544. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2005.857300
  24. J. Dong and N. Ling, "A Context-Adaptive Prediction Scheme for Parameter Estimation in H.264/AVC Macroblock Layer Rate Control," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 19, no. 8, Aug. 2009, pp. 1108-1117. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2009.2020338
  25. Y. Liu, Z.G. Li, and Y.C. Soh, "A Novel Rate Control Scheme for Low Delay Video Communication of H.264/AVC Standard," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 17, no. 1, Jan. 2007, pp. 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2006.887081
  26. F. Bossen, "Common Test Conditions and Software Reference Configurations," JCT-VC of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 9th Meeting, Geneva, Switzerland, Doc. JCTVC-I1100, Apr. 2012.
  27. G. Bjontegaard, "Calculation of Average PSNR Differences between RD-Curves," ITU-T SG16 Q.6 VCEG 13rd Meeting, Austin, TX, USA, Doc. VCEG-M33, Apr. 2001.

Cited by

  1. Novel PID-Fuzzy Video Rate Controller for High-Delay Applications of the HEVC Standard vol.28, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2669214
  2. Distortion propagation-based optimal λ decision for random access rate control in HEVC vol.29, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.29.1.013002
  3. Scene-level two-pass video rate controller for H.265/HEVC standard vol.80, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-09710-y