Analysis of political conducts of the political players on privitization of healthcare service and public healthcare service after the democratization

민주화 이후 정치행위자들의 의료민영화 및 의료공공성 관련 정치적 행위 분석

  • Lee, Suyun (Department of Public Administration Sejong University) ;
  • Sohn, Seunghye (Department of Communication Arts, Sejong University) ;
  • Lee, Guiohk (Department of Communication Arts, Sejong University)
  • Received : 2016.02.17
  • Accepted : 2016.03.22
  • Published : 2016.03.30

Abstract

This paper analyzed experientially political conducts of the political players on privitization of healthcare service and public healthcare sercive aftrer the democratization in order to determine the influence of democracy on the development of a welfare state. For this purpose, the contents of the major daily newspaper reports from 1993 to 2012 were analyzed. As a result of such analysis, it was found that the political parties did not drive the policy even after the democratization reflecting the demands of the people, political parties had a strong conservative stance and did not show a consistent ideological inclination in their policies. Second, even though the role of the civic movement in the public healthcare service issue became larger after the democratization, policy decisions were driven by the government in an authoritative manner. In addition, the degree of contribution by the civic movements to the development of public healthcare service did not offset the influence of the president and the finance ministry on the development of privatization. Third, both the development of public healthcare service and privatization progressed simultaneously under the Kim Dae Jung, Rho Mu Hyun and Lee Myung Bak administrations after the democratization and it is thus difficult to argue that the qualitative nature as a welfare state was changed after the democratization. However, the degree of development as a welfare state differed depending on the ideological inclination of the presidents, the capacity of the welfare ministry and the ministry that drove the privatization.

본 논문은 민주화 이후 정치행위자들의 의료민영화 및 의료공공성 관련 정치적 행위를 경험적으로 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 1993년부터 2012년까지 주요 일간신문을 활용하여 내용분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 민주화 이후에도 정당이 국민의 요구를 수렴하여 주도적으로 정책을 결정해 나가지 못하였으며 정당은 보수적인 성향이 강하였고 일관된 정책적 이념지향성을 보이지 않았다. 둘째, 민주화 이후 공공의료 이슈에서 시민운동의 역할이 커졌음에도 불구하고 정부의 역할에 비해서는 작았다. 시민대중운동의 공공의료 발전에 대한 기여도가 대통령과 경제부처의 민영화에 대한 영향력을 상쇄할 정도는 아니었다. 셋째, 민주화 이후 김대중, 노무현, 이명박 정권 모두에서 공공의료 발전과 민영화가 함께 진행되었다. 민주화 이후 복지국가의 성격이 질적으로 변화했다고 보기 어려우나 정권별 대통령의 이념성향, 복지부의 역량, 민영화 주도 부처의 종류의 차이에 따라 복지국가 발전 정도가 달랐다.

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