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Influence of Various Acids Added to Irrigation Water on the Reduction of Bicarbonate Injury during Vegetative Propagation of 'Seolhyang' Strawberry

관개수에 첨가되는 산 종류가 영양생장 중인 '설향' 딸기의 중탄산 피해 경감에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Hee Su (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science) ;
  • Choi, Jong Myung (Department of Horticultural Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae Il (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Sook (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Jang, Won Suk (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Hee Chul (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, In Ha (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Nam, Myeong Hyeon (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services)
  • 이희수 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 최종명 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 김태일 (충청남도 농업기술원 논산딸기시험장) ;
  • 김현숙 (충청남도 농업기술원 논산딸기시험장) ;
  • 장원석 (충청남도 농업기술원 논산딸기시험장) ;
  • 이희철 (충청남도 농업기술원 논산딸기시험장) ;
  • 이인하 (충청남도 농업기술원 논산딸기시험장) ;
  • 남명현 (충청남도 농업기술원 논산딸기시험장)
  • Received : 2015.09.15
  • Accepted : 2016.07.13
  • Published : 2016.08.31

Abstract

This research was conducted to investigate the influence of different kinds of acids added to irrigation water containing high levels of bicarbonate on the growth and daughter plant production during the propagation of 'Seolhyang' strawberry. Fertigation solution was prepared with equal concentrations of essential nutrients as found in Hoagland solution, plus $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;HCO_3{^-}$. The concentrations of $HCO_3{^-}$ in the treatment solution were decreased to $60mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ by the addition of $HNO_3$, $H_3PO_4$, $H_2SO_4$, $HNO_3+H_3PO_4$, or salicylic acid. The mother plants transplanted to raised beds were treated with a specific treatment solution for 126 days and growth and daughter plant productions were monitored. The fresh weight of mother plants in the -control treatment ($240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;HCO_3{^-}$) was significantly lower than those in acid containing treatments. The number of daughter plants produced per mother plant was 13 in the -control treatment, but 19.4, 20.1, 18.6, 22.4, and 18.9 in the treatments of $HNO_3$, $H_3PO_4$, $H_2SO_4$, $HNO_3+H_3PO_4$ and salicylic acid, respectively. The substrate pHs after 126 days of treatment were 8.2 and 7.3 in the -control and salicylic acid treatments, respectively, but 5.5, 5.4, 5.3, and 5.5 in the treatments of $HNO_3$, $H_3PO_4$, $H_2SO_4$, and $HNO_3+H_3PO_4$ treatments, respectively. The tissue Ca and Mg contents of mother plants were significantly higher in +control ($90mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;HCO_3{^-}$) and various acid blending treatments compared to the -control treatment. By contrast, Ca and Mg contents were not significantly different among treatments with acids. The Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu contents in plant tissue of -control were also significantly lower than those in all other treatments.

고농도 중탄산 피해경감을 위한 관개수의 산 혼합이 '설향' 딸기의 영양생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위한 목적으로 본 연구를 수행하였다, 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 중탄산($HCO_3{^-}$)농도가 $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 또는 $90mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$인 Hoagland 용액을 조제하여 -대조구와 +대조구로 삼고, -대조구에 질산, 인산, 황산, 질산+인산, 및 살리실산을 혼합하여 중탄산 농도를 $60mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$으로 낮춘 처리용액을 만들었다. 이후 3엽기인 '설향' 딸기를 정식하여 모주로 삼고 126일 동안 처리하면서 모주 생육과 자묘의 발생 및 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 모주의 생체중은 -대조구가 관개수에 산을 혼합한 모든 처리나 +대조구 보다 가벼웠다. -대조구에서 모주당 발생한 자묘수는 13.0개였지만, 질산, 인산, 황산, 질산+인산 및 살리실산 처리구는 각각 19.4, 20.1, 18.6, 22.4, 및 18.9 개체였다. 산을 처리한 경우 -대조구에 비해 발생한 자묘수가 뚜렷하게 많았으며, 특히 질산+인산 처리가 다른 처리들 보다 유의하게 자묘수가 많았다. -대조구와 살리실산 처리구에서 처리 126일 후 근권부의 pH가 각각 8.2와 7.3으로 상승하였지만, 질산, 인산, 황산 및 질산+인산 처리구는 각각 5.5, 5.4, 5.3 및 5.5로 측정되었다. 수확 후 식물체내 Ca 및 Mg 함량은 +대조구, 질산, 인산, 황산, 질산+인산, 살리실산 처리구에서 유사하였지만, -대조구에서 가장 적게 분석되었다. 식물체내 Fe, Mn, Zn, 및 Cu의 함량은 산을 혼합한 처리구에서 비슷했고, -대조구에서는 가장 적었다. 이상의 결과는 관개수에 고농도의 중탄산이 존재하여 피해가 발생할 때 다양한 산을 처리하여 피해를 경감시킬 수 있으며 특히 질산+인산 처리가 영양번식 중인 '설향' 딸기생장 및 자묘 발생에 효과적임을 나타낸다.

Keywords

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