Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Effect of the Exposed Length of Dwarf Rootstock M.9 on Growth and Yield of 'Seohong', 'Summer Dream' and 'Honggeum' Apples

사과 '서홍', '썸머드림', '홍금'의 생장 및 수량에 미치는 M.9 대목 노출길이의 영향

  • Kwon, Young Soon (Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kwon, Soon-Il (Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Hee (Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
  • 권영순 (국립원예특작과학원 사과연구소) ;
  • 권순일 (국립원예특작과학원 사과연구소) ;
  • 김정희 (국립원예특작과학원 사과연구소)
  • Received : 2016.07.11
  • Accepted : 2016.09.19
  • Published : 2016.09.30
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Abstract

The effect of different exposed length of M.9 rootstock on growth and yield was tested in the new apple cultivars. The 'Seohong', 'Summer Dream', and 'Hongguem' grafted on M.9 rootstock were planted in March 2010. The trees were planted in such a way that the exposed length of the rootstock to be 10, 20 and 30 cm. The result showed that as decreasing exposure length, TCA of 'Seohong', 'Summer Dream', and 'Hongguem' was increased between $3^{rd}$ and $6^{th}$ year after planting. The TCA of 20 cm and 30 cm exposure length showed respectively 70% and 60% in 'Seohong', 88% and 66% in 'Summer Dream', and 55% and 41% in 'Hongguem' of the TCA with 10 cm exposure length on 6-year-old trees. Tree height, canopy width, shoot length and terminal shoot length were also increased according to decreased exposure length in 6-year-old trees. The cumulative yield of three cultivars was higher in the tree with a lower exposure length between $4^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ year after planting. The cumulative yield of 20 cm and 30 cm exposure length showed respectively 77% and 63% in 'Seohong', 85% and 76% in 'Summer Dream', and 73% and 58% in 'Hongguem' of the cumulative yield with 10 cm exposure length in 6-year-old trees. Considering tree growth and yield, the optimum exposure length of M.9 was 10 cm for 'Seohong', 'Summer Dream' and 'Hongguem'.

사과나무의 수세는 품종 고유의 유전적 특성에 따라 결정되지만 환경 조건, 재배 관리, 대목 종류 및 노출 길이에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 따라서 품종 고유의 특성에 따라 적합한 대목 종류 및 적정 노출 길이를 선택하는 것이 나무의 생육, 생산성 및 수명에 바람직한 영향을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 국내에서 육성 된 '서홍', '썸머드림', '홍금'에 적합한 대목 노출길이에 대한 정보를 제공하기 위하여 M.9 자근대목에 각각 접목한 후 접목부가 지면에서 10, 20, 30 cm로 노출되게 재식하여 수체생장과 생산성을 조사하였다. 재식 6년차까지 '서홍', '썸머드림', '홍금'은 대목 노출이 짧을수록 TCA 증가가 컸다. 재식 6년차의 TCA는 10cm 처리구를 100으로 했을 때 20, 30cm 처리구는 각각 '서홍' 70, 60, '썸머드림' 88, 66, '홍금' 55, 41으로 현저히 낮아졌다. 또한 '서홍', '썸머드림', '홍금'의 대목 노출 길이가 짧을수록 수고, 수폭, 신초장, 정단신초장의 영양생장량이 더 우수하였다. 재식 6년차까지의 누적수량 역시 대목 노출 길이가 짧을 수록 많아지는 경향을 보였다. 재식 6년차 누적수량의 10cm 처리구를 100으로 했을 때 20, 30cm 처리구는 '서홍' 77, 63, '썸머드림' 85, 76, '홍금' 73, 58으로 조사되었다. 과실 특성에 있어서 대목 노출 길이에 따른 차이는 없었다. 따라서, 재식 6년차까지 '서홍', '썸머드림', '홍금'의 영양생장과 생산성을 고려했을 때 M.9 대목의 노출 길이는 10cm로 하는 것이 적당할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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