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Detection of irradiated food using photostimulated luminescence and thermoluminescence

물리적 방법(PSL, TL)을 이용한 선종별 조사처리 식품의 검지 특성

  • Jung, Yoo-Kyung (New Hazardous Substances Team, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Lee, Ji-Yeon (New Hazardous Substances Team, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kang, Tae-Sun (New Hazardous Substances Team, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Jo, Cheon-Ho (New Hazardous Substances Team, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Hwang (New Hazardous Substances Team, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Choi, Jang-Duck (New Hazardous Substances Team, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kwon, Ki-Sung (New Hazardous Substances Team, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)
  • 정유경 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 이지연 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 강태선 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 조천호 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 이재황 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 최장덕 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 권기성 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀)
  • Received : 2016.05.09
  • Accepted : 2016.07.26
  • Published : 2016.10.31

Abstract

The applicability of photostimulated-luminescence (PSL) and thermoluminescence (TL) for the detection of 12 food materials (potato, onion, garlic, dried pumpkin, black mushroom, black soybean, Cheongkukjang powder, sea mustard, pepper powder, Ramyun soup, corn tea, and green tea powder) irradiated with an electron beam, gamma ray, and X ray at a range of 0.15 to 10 kGy was investigated. For PSL, negative results (less than 700 photon counts (PCs)) were observed from non-irradiated foods while the irradiated foods showed intermediate (879 to 2,414 PCs) and/or positive (19,951 to 65,919,035 PCs) values. In all irradiated samples, the maximum peak of the TL glow curve was observed between 150 and $250^{\circ}C$. Our findings demonstrate the successful application of PSL and TL to determine whether food items were irradiated or not. However, there were no significant differences among the radiation sources.

국내 조사처리 허용품목을 대상으로 다소비, 다빈도, 다수입 품목 12종(감자, 양파, 마늘, 건호박, 목이버섯, 검은콩, 청국장가루, 미역, 고춧가루, 라면수프, 옥수수차, 분말 녹차)을 선정하여 조사처리 선원에 따른 물리적 확인시험법(PSL 및 TL)을 적용하여 조사처리 여부를 확인하였다. PSL 적용 결과 모든 비조사 시료에서는 700 count/60초($T_1$) 이하의 값을 나타내어 음성 또는 비조사판정이 가능하였다. 감마선, 전자선과 X선을 처리한 시료에서는 879-2,414 (intermediate)와 19,951-65,919,035 (positive) 범위로 수치가 확인되었으며 조사 선원에 따른 수치차이는 보이지 않았다. TL 적용 결과 비조사 시료에서는 $300^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 자연방사선에 의한 peak를 나타내는 비특이적인 글로우 곡선을 보였으며 3개의 선종별 TL 분석 결과에서는 $150-250^{\circ}C$의 온도 범위에서 최대 peak를 나타내었다. 한편, 선종별 TL 강도 차이는 청국장 분말의 경우 감마선(${\gamma}$)>전자선(E)>X선(X), 고춧가루와 분말 녹차는 ${\gamma}$>X>E, 미역, 목이버섯, 마늘은 E>${\gamma}$>X, 양파, 감자, 검은콩는 E>X>${\gamma}$, 라면수프와 옥수수차는 X>E>${\gamma}$, 건호박은 X>${\gamma}$>E의 순서로 TL 강도 차이를 나타내었다. 이와 함께, TL ratio($TL_1/TL_2$) 값은 조사처리구에서 0.1143-2.9318 범위를 나타내어 국내 단일시료 조사판정 범위인 TL ratio 0.1 이상을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 조사처리선원에 따른 조사여부 판정은 현행 물리적 확인시험법으로 가능하였으며 광물질의 함량과 조사처리 선량 등 식품 중 조사처리에 관한 연구가 지속적으로 수행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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